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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2022

 

or

 

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from to

 

Commission File Number: 001-33301

 

 

ACCURAY INCORPORATED

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

 

Delaware		20-8370041
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		(IRS Employer Identification Number)

 

1310 Chesapeake Terrace

Sunnyvale, California 94089

(Address of Principal Executive Offices Including Zip Code)

 

(408) 716-4600

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share	ARAY	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer	☐		Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐		Smaller reporting company	☐
			Emerging growth company	☐

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

 

As of January 27, 2023, there were 95,494,729 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding.

 

+

 

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Table of Contents

 

		Page No.
PART I.	Financial Information
Item 1.	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	3
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022	3
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021	4
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021	5
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021	6
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	29
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	30
PART II.	Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	31
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	31
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	66
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	66
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	66
Item 5.	Other Information	66
Item 6.	Exhibits	67
Signatures		68

 

We own or have rights to various trademarks and tradenames used in our business in the United States or other countries, including the following: Accuray®, Accuray Logo®, CyberKnife®, Hi‑Art®, RoboCouch®, Synchrony®, TomoTherapy®, Xsight®, Accuray Precision®, AutoSegmentation™, CTrue™, H™ Series, iDMS®, InCise™, Iris™, CyberKnife M6™ Series, Accuray OIS Connect™, PreciseART®, PreciseRTX®, Treatment Planning System™, TomoDirect™, TomoEDGE™, TomoH®, TomoHD®, TomoHDA™, TomoHelical™, TomoTherapy Quality Assurance™, Radixact®, Onrad ™, S7™, and VoLO™.

2

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Accuray Incorporated

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share amounts and par value)

 

		December 31,  2022				June 30, 2022
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	67,729			$	88,737
Restricted cash			189				204
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $910 and $1,000 as of December 31, 2022, and June 30, 2022, respectively (a)			89,187				94,442
Inventories			155,665				142,254
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (b)			23,536				23,794
Deferred cost of revenue			642				1,459
Total current assets			336,948				350,890
Property and equipment, net			11,155				12,685
Investment in joint venture			12,276				13,879
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net			25,334				16,798
Goodwill			57,776				57,840
Intangible assets, net			268				250
Long-term restricted cash			1,293				1,213
Other assets			23,719				19,294
Total assets		$	468,769			$	472,849
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable		$	33,861			$	31,337
Accrued compensation			20,099				29,441
Operating lease liabilities, current			4,913				8,567
Other accrued liabilities			30,301				30,285
Customer advances			17,169				25,290
Deferred revenue			72,675				75,375
Short-term debt			5,702				8,563
Total current liabilities			184,720				208,858
Long-term liabilities:
Operating lease liabilities, non-current			22,664				10,453
Long-term other liabilities			5,181				3,748
Deferred revenue, non-current			30,357				24,694
Long-term debt			174,102				171,907
Total liabilities			417,024				419,660
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value; authorized: 200,000,000 shares as of December 31, 2022, and June 30, 2022, respectively; issued and outstanding: 95,494,729 and 93,499,500 shares at December 31, 2022, and June 30, 2022, respectively			95				94
Additional paid-in-capital			550,288				543,211
Accumulated other comprehensive income			1,541				2,406
Accumulated deficit			(500,179	)			(492,522	)
Total stockholders' equity			51,745				53,189
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity		$	468,769			$	472,849

 

(a)

Includes trade receivable from the China joint venture, an equity method investment, of $21,867 and $24,828 at December 31, 2022, and June 30, 2022, respectively. See Note 14.

(b)

Includes other receivable from the China joint venture, an equity method investment, of $487 and $861 at December 31, 2022, and June 30, 2022, respectively.
 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

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Accuray Incorporated

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

		Three Months Ended December 31,								Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
Net revenue:
Products (a)		$	63,269			$	60,721			$	107,892			$	113,480
Services (b)			51,491				55,554				103,361				110,237
Total net revenue			114,760				116,275				211,253				223,717
Cost of revenue:
Cost of products			39,248				35,520				68,098				67,029
Cost of services			32,545				38,128				65,591				74,537
Total cost of revenue (c)			71,793				73,648				133,689				141,566
Gross profit			42,967				42,627				77,564				82,151
Operating expenses:
Research and development (d)			14,641				14,697				28,733				29,079
Selling and marketing			13,586				13,233				24,381				24,504
General and administrative			12,035				10,716				23,927				22,176
Total operating expenses			40,262				38,646				77,041				75,759
Income from operations			2,705				3,981				523				6,392
Loss on equity method investment, net			(699	)			(832	)			(1,067	)			(1,172	)
Other expense, net			(2,831	)			(2,490	)			(5,389	)			(5,158	)
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes			(825	)			659				(5,933	)			62
Provision for income taxes			1,049				480				1,390				911
Net income (loss)		$	(1,874	)		$	179			$	(7,323	)		$	(849	)
Net income (loss) per share - basic		$	(0.02	)		$	0.00			$	(0.08	)		$	(0.01	)
Net income (loss) per share - diluted		$	(0.02	)		$	0.00			$	(0.08	)		$	(0.01	)
Weighted average common shares used in computing net loss per share:
Basic			94,567				91,761				94,048				91,299
Diluted			94,567				93,932				94,048				91,299
Net income (loss)		$	(1,874	)		$	179			$	(7,323	)		$	(849	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment			2,790				(108	)			(865	)			123
Comprehensive income (loss)		$	916			$	71			$	(8,188	)		$	(726	)

 

(a)

Includes sales to the China joint venture, an equity method investment, of $16,715 and $25,584 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, and $8,816 and $14,735 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively. See Note 14.

(b)

Includes sales to the China joint venture, an equity method investment, of $2,494 and $5,451 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, and $2,679 and $5,494 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively. See Note 14.

(c)

Includes cost of revenue from sales to the China joint venture, an equity method investment, of $9,916 and $15,823 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, and $6,203 and $14,248 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively.

(d)

Includes charge back to the China joint venture, an equity method investment, related to a research and development project of $487 and $1,266 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, and $415 and $994 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Accuray Incorporated

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(in thousands)

 

		Common Stock								Additional Paid-in				Accumulated Other Comprehensive				Accumulated				Total Stockholders
		Shares				Amount				Capital				Income (Loss)				Deficit				Equity
Balance at June 30, 2022			93,500			$	94			$	543,211			$	2,406			$	(492,522	)		$	53,189
Issuance of restricted stock			279				—				—				—				—				—
Share-based compensation			—				—				2,906				—				—				2,906
Net loss			—				—				—				—				(5,449	)			(5,449	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment			—				—				—				(3,655	)			—				(3,655	)
Balance at September 30, 2022			93,779			$	94			$	546,117			$	(1,249	)		$	(497,971	)		$	46,991
Issuance of restricted stock			1,062				—				(116	)			—				—				(116	)
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan			653				1				1,138				—				—				1,139
Share-based compensation			—				—				3,136				—				—				3,136
Net loss			—				—				—				—				(1,874	)			(1,874	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment			—				—				—				2,790				—				2,790
Other											13								(334	)			(321	)
Balance at December 31, 2022			95,494			$	95			$	550,288			$	1,541			$	(500,179	)		$	51,745

 

 

		Common Stock								Additional Paid-in				Accumulated Other Comprehensive				Accumulated				Total Stockholders
		Shares				Amount				Capital				Income				Deficit				Equity
Balance at June 30, 2021			90,822			$	91			$	554,680			$	2,093			$	(488,024	)		$	68,840
Cumulative adjustment due to adoption of ASU No. 2020-06			—				—				(25,633	)			—				849				(24,784	)
Issuance of restricted stock			97				—				—				—				—				—
Share-based compensation			—				—				2,506				—				—				2,506
Net loss			—				—				—				—				(1,028	)			(1,028	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment			—				—				—				231				—				231
Balance at September 30, 2021			90,919			$	91			$	531,553			$	2,324			$	(488,203	)		$	45,765
Exercise of stock options, net			331				1				1,223											$	1,224
Issuance of restricted stock			1,061				—				(258	)			—				—				(258	)
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan			422				1				1,523				—				—				1,524
Share-based compensation			—				—				2,668				—				—				2,668
Net income			—				—				—				—				179				179
Foreign currency translation adjustment			—				—				—				(108	)			—				(108	)
Balance at December 31, 2021			92,733			$	93			$	536,709			$	2,216			$	(488,024	)		$	50,994

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Accuray Incorporated

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

 

		Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss		$	(7,323	)		$	(849	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization			2,327				2,841
Share-based compensation			6,042				5,211
Amortization of debt issuance costs			447				379
Provision for credit losses			68				366
Provision for write-down of inventories			1,972				1,875
Loss on disposal of property and equipment			2				28
Loss on equity method investment			1,067				1,172
Deferral (release) of equity method investment intra-entity profit margin from sales			(986	)			955
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable			5,701				2,954
Inventories			(14,237	)			(550	)
Prepaid expenses and other assets			(2,488	)			(872	)
Deferred cost of revenue			817				1,653
Accounts payable			3,037				10,182
Operating lease liabilities, net of operating lease right-of-use assets			23				(435	)
Accrued liabilities			(8,123	)			2,486
Customer advances			(8,203	)			(314	)
Deferred revenues			1,889				(3,071	)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities			(17,968	)			24,011
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment			(2,773	)			(2,259	)
Purchase of intangible asset			(33	)			—
Net cash used in investing activities			(2,806	)			(2,259	)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from employee stock plans			1,139				1,524
Proceeds from exercise of options			-				1,224
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards			(116	)			(258	)
Debt issuance costs			(248	)			—
Paydown under Term Loan Facility			(3,000	)			(2,000	)
Repayments under the Notes			(2,865	)			—
Borrowings (Repayments) under Revolving Credit Facility, net			5,000				(15,000	)
Net cash used in financing activities			(90	)			(14,510	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash			(79	)			(747	)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash			(20,943	)			6,495
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period			90,154				118,201
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period		$	69,211			$	124,696
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Reclassification of equity component of convertible notes into liabilities upon adoption of ASU 2020-06		$	-			$	25,633

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Accuray Incorporated

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Note 1. The Company and its Significant Accounting Policies

The Company

 

Accuray Incorporated (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company” or “Accuray”) designs, develops and sells advanced radiosurgery and radiation therapy systems for the treatment of tumors throughout the body. The Company is incorporated in Delaware and has its principal place of business in Sunnyvale, California. The Company has primary offices in the United States, Switzerland, China, Hong Kong and Japan, and conducts its business worldwide.

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and note disclosures have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the periods presented. The results for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2023, or for any other future interim period or fiscal year.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on August 17, 2022.

Risks and Uncertainties

 

The Company is subject to risks and uncertainties caused by events with significant geopolitical and macroeconomic impacts, including, but not limited to, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, inflation, actions taken to counter inflation and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has also created significant global economic uncertainty, adversely impacted the business of the Company's customers, partners and vendors, contributed to supply chain and labor issues, and has impacted the Company's business and results of operations in the past and could further impact its results of operations and cash flows in the future. These conditions have created and may continue to create significant disruptions with respect to demand for the Company's products and services, including reduced sales of such products and services as a result of COVID-19 related restrictions and lockdowns; the operating procedures and workflow of its customers, particularly hospitals; its ability to continue to manufacture its products; and the reliability of its supply chain, which have impacted and could continue to impact its revenue, expenses and operating results.

 

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosures at the date of the financial statements. The Company assessed certain accounting matters that generally require consideration of forecasted financial information in context with the information reasonably available to the Company. Key estimates and assumptions made by the Company relate to revenue recognition and the assessment of stand-alone selling price, assessment of recoverability of goodwill, valuation of its equity method investment in CNNC Accuray (Tianjin) Medical Technology Co. Ltd., the Company’s joint venture in China (the “JV”), valuation of inventories, annual performance related bonuses, allowance for credit losses and loss contingencies. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Significant Accounting Policies

 

There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies during the six months ended December 31, 2022, compared to the significant accounting policies described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022.

 

 

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Note 2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

Accounting Pronouncement Recently Adopted

 

In March 2020, the FASB issued an update (ASU 2020-04) establishing Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 848, Reference Rate Reform. ASU 2020-04 contains practical expedients for reference rate reform related activities that impact debt, leases, derivatives and other contracts. This accounting standard update was effective upon issuance and must be applied prospectively by December 31, 2022. The Company’s Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility previously applied the Eurodollar rate London Interbank Offer Rate ("LIBOR") to the variable component of the interest rate, but has moved away from the Eurodollar rate LIBOR in connection with reference rate reform. In October 2022, the Company began using the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") to calculate the variable component of the interest rate for its Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility. The change to using SOFR did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

 

 

Note 3. Revenue

 

Contract Balances

 

The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in trade receivables, unbilled receivables, and deferred revenues on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company may offer longer or extended payment terms of more than one year for qualified customers in some circumstances. At times, revenue recognition occurs before the billing, resulting in an unbilled receivable, which represents a contract asset. The contract asset is a component of accounts receivable and other assets for the current and non-current portions, respectively.

 

When the Company receives advances or deposits from customers before revenue is recognized, this results in a contract liability. It can take up to two or more years from the time of order to revenue recognition due to the Company’s long sales cycle.

 

Changes in the contract assets and liabilities are as follows (dollars in thousands):

 

		December 31,  2022				June 30, 2022				Change
		Amount				Amount				$				%
Contract Assets:
Unbilled accounts receivable – current (1)		$	22,395			$	13,325				9,070				68	%
Interest receivable – current (2)			380				493				(113	)			(23	%)
Long-term accounts receivable (3)			5,387				5,301				86				2	%
Interest receivable – non-current (3)			726				683				43				6	%
Contract Liabilities:
Customer advances			17,169				25,290				(8,121	)			(32	%)
Deferred revenue – current			72,675				75,375				(2,700	)			(4	%)
Deferred revenue – non-current			30,357				24,694				5,663				23	%

 

(1)

Included in accounts receivable on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)

Included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)

Included in other assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

During the six months ended December 31, 2022, contract assets changed primarily due to changes in the timing of billings that occurred after revenues were recognized and changes in transactions with payment terms exceeding 12 months. During the six months ended December 31, 2022, contract liabilities changed due to changes in the timing of revenue recognition as a result of changes in transaction price, reduced customer deposits for system sales and for which the warranty was deferred.

 

During the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized revenue of $20.6 million and $55.5 million, respectively, which was included in the deferred revenue balances at June 30, 2022. During the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized revenue of $22.3 million and $55.8 million, which was included in the deferred revenue balances at June 30, 2021.

 

8

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Remaining Performance Obligations

 

Remaining performance obligations represent deferred revenue from open contracts for which performance has already started and the transaction price from executed contracts for which performance has not yet started. Service contracts in general are considered month-to-month contracts.

 

As of December 31, 2022, total remaining performance obligations amounted to $1,077.6 million. Of this total amount, $71.9 million related to long-term warranty and non-cancellable post-warranty services, which is the estimated revenue expected to be recognized over the remaining service period and warranty period for systems that have been delivered (the time bands reflect management’s best estimate of when the Company will transfer control to the customer and may change based on timing of shipment, readiness of customers’ facilities for installation, installation requirements, and availability of products). The Company has elected the practical expedient to not disclose the unsatisfied performance obligations of contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less.

The following table represents the Company's remaining performance obligations related to long-term warranty and non-cancellable post-warranty services as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

 

		Fiscal years of revenue recognition
		2023				2024				2025				Thereafter
Long-term warranty and non-cancellable post-warranty services		$	16,545			$	24,882			$	16,512			$	13,951

 

For the remaining $1,005.7 million of performance obligations (i.e., open systems sales, upgrades, training and other miscellaneous items), the Company estimates 26% to 29% will be recognized in the next 12 months, and the remaining portion will be recognized thereafter. The Company’s historical experience indicates that some of its customers will cancel or renegotiate contracts as economic conditions change or when product offerings change during the long sales cycle. The Company anticipates a portion of its open contracts may never result in revenue recognition primarily due to the long sales cycle and factors outside of its control, including changes in its customers' needs or financial condition, changes in government or health insurance reimbursement policies, or changes to regulatory requirements. Based on historical experience and management's best estimate, approximately 18% of the Company’s $953.2 million open system sales contracts as of December 31, 2022, may never result in revenue.

 

Capitalized Contract Costs

 

As of December 31, 2022, and June 30, 2022, the balance of capitalized costs to obtain a contract was $11.8 million and $11.4 million, respectively. The Company has classified the capitalized costs to obtain a contract as a component of prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets with respect to the current and non-current portions of capitalized costs, respectively, on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

The Company incurred impairment losses of $0.2 million and $0.4 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, and $0.2 million and $0.3 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company recognized expenses related to the amortization of the capitalized contract costs of $1.0 million and $1.9 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, and $0.9 million and $1.8 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively.

 

Note 4. Supplemental Financial Information

 

Balance Sheet Components

 

Financing receivables

 

A financing receivable is a contractual right to receive money, on demand or on fixed or determinable dates, that is recognized as an asset on the Company’s balance sheets. The Company’s financing receivables, consisting of its accounts receivable with contractual maturities of more than one year, totaled $3.0 million and $2.8 million as of December 31, 2022, and June 30, 2022, respectively, and are included in other assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company evaluates the credit quality of a customer at contract inception and monitors credit quality over the term of the underlying transactions. The Company performs a credit analysis for all new orders and reviews payment history, current order backlog, financial performance of the customers and other variables that augment or mitigate the inherent credit risk of a particular transaction. Such variables include the underlying value and liquidity of the collateral, the essential use of the equipment, the contract term and the inclusion of credit enhancements, such as guarantees, letters of credit or security deposits. The Company classifies accounts as high risk when it considers the financing

9

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receivable to be impaired or when management believes there is a significant near‑term risk of non‑payment. The Company performs an assessment each quarter of the allowance for credit losses related to its financing receivables.

 

A summary of the Company’s financing receivables is presented as follows (in thousands):

 

		December 31,  2022				June 30, 2022
Financing receivables		$	6,165			$	6,137
Allowance for credit losses			(943	)			(943	)
Total, net		$	5,222			$	5,194
Reported as:
Current		$	2,245			$	2,435
Non-current			2,977				2,759
Total, net		$	5,222			$	5,194

 

The Company did not have any additions to the allowance for credit losses during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

 

Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

		December 31,  2022				June 30, 2022
Raw materials		$	65,463			$	61,871
Work-in-process			16,427				16,367
Finished goods			73,775				64,016
Inventories		$	155,665			$	142,254

 

The Company's inventories on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets are net of reserves.

 

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

		December 31,  2022				June 30, 2022
Furniture and fixtures		$	1,666			$	1,766
Computer and office equipment			8,454				8,605
Software			5,260				5,344
Leasehold improvements			26,777				26,659
Machinery and equipment			47,016				46,522
Construction in progress			2,768				2,999
			91,941				91,895
Less: Accumulated depreciation			(80,786	)			(79,210	)
Property and equipment, net		$	11,155			$	12,685

 

Depreciation expense related to property and equipment was $1.1 million and $2.2 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, and $1.4 million and $2.8 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are excluded from earnings and reported as a component of stockholders’ equity. The foreign currency translation adjustment results from those subsidiaries not using the U.S. Dollar as their functional currency since the majority of their economic activities are primarily denominated in their applicable local currency. Accordingly, all assets and liabilities related to these operations are translated to the U.S. Dollar at the current exchange rates at the end of each period. Revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates in effect during the period.

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The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the stockholders' equity section of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets are as follows (in thousands):

 

		December 31,  2022				June 30, 2022
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment		$	(2,406	)		$	(1,541	)
Defined benefit pension obligation			3,947				3,947
Accumulated other comprehensive income		$	1,541			$	2,406

 

Statements of Operations

 

Other expense, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

		Three Months Ended December 31,								Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
Interest expense		$	(2,644	)		$	(2,076	)		$	(4,906	)		$	(4,115	)
Foreign currency transaction loss			(33	)			(633	)			(284	)			(1,402	)
Other expense, net			(154	)			219				(199	)			359
Total other expense, net		$	(2,831	)		$	(2,490	)		$	(5,389	)		$	(5,158	)

 

Note 5. Leases

 

The Company has operating leases for corporate offices and warehouse facilities worldwide. Additionally, the Company leases cars, copy machines and laptops that are considered operating leases. Some of the Company’s leases are non-cancellable operating lease agreements with various expiration dates through June 2035. Certain lease agreements include options to renew or terminate the lease, which are not reasonably certain to be exercised and therefore are not factored into the determination of lease payments. In August 2022, the Company entered into a material lease agreement to extend the lease term at its office building and manufacturing facility in Madison, Wisconsin through 2035.

 

Operating lease costs were $2.4 million and $4.7 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, not including short-term operating lease costs of $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively. Operating lease costs were $2.4 million and $4.8 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively, not including short-term operating lease costs of $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively.

 

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was $2.2 million and $4.4 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was $2.4 million and $4.8 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively. Operating lease liabilities arising from obtaining operating right-of-use assets were $13.2 million and $4.9 million, during the six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

 

Operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease obligations consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

		December 31,  2022				June 30, 2022
Operating lease right-of-use assets
Balance at the beginning of period		$	16,798			$	22,522
Lease asset added			13,187				3,522
Amortization for the year			(4,651	)			(9,246	)
Balance at the end of period		$	25,334			$	16,798
Operating lease obligations
Balance at the beginning of period		$	19,020			$	25,609
Lease liability added			13,000				3,209
Repayment and interest accretion			(4,443	)			(9,798	)
Balance at the end of period		$	27,577			$	19,020
Current portion of operating lease obligations		$	4,913			$	8,567
Non-current portion of operating lease obligations			22,664				10,453

 

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Maturities of operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022, are presented in the table below (dollars in thousands):

 

		Amount
2023 (remaining six months)		$	4,793
2024			2,839
2025			4,344
2026			3,315
2027			3,175
Thereafter			26,263
Total operating lease payments			44,729
Less: imputed interest			(17,152	)
Present value of operating lease liabilities		$	27,577
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)			8.7
Weighted average discount rate			8.8	%

 

Note 6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Activity related to goodwill consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

		December 31,  2022				June 30, 2022
Balance at the beginning of the period		$	57,840			$	57,960
Currency translation			(64	)			(120	)
Balance at the end of the period		$	57,776			$	57,840

 

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2023, the Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test and determined that there was no impairment to goodwill. The Company will continue to monitor its recorded goodwill for indicators of impairment.

Purchased Intangible Assets

The Company’s carrying amount of acquired intangible assets, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

		December 31, 2022												June 30, 2022
		Gross Carrying Amount				Accumulated Amortization				Net Amount				Gross Carrying Amount				Accumulated Amortization				Net Amount
Patent license		$	1,268			$	(1,000	)		$	268			$	1,170			$	(920	)		$	250

The Company did not identify any triggering events that would indicate a potential impairment of its definite-lived intangible and long-lived assets as of December 31, 2022.

 

The estimated future amortization expense of acquired intangible assets, net, as of December 31, 2022, is as follows (in thousands):

 

		Amount
2023 (remaining six months)		$	88
2024			140
2025			32
2026			8
Total estimated future amortization expense		$	268

 

Note 7. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company utilizes foreign currency forward contracts with reputable financial institutions to manage its exposure of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates on certain intercompany balances and foreign currency denominated cash, customer receivables and liabilities. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. These forward contracts are not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes. Principal hedged currencies primarily include the Japanese Yen, Swiss

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Franc, and U.S. Dollar. The periods of these forward contracts range up to approximately three months and the notional amounts are intended to be consistent with changes in the underlying exposures. The Company intends to exchange foreign currencies for U.S. Dollars at maturity.

The notional amount of the Company's outstanding forward currency exchange contracts consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

		December 31,  2022				June 30, 2022
Swiss Franc		$	32,981			$	27,910
Chinese Yuan			1,759				2,524
Euro			1,462				16,307
British Pound			1,618				3,699
Indian Rupee			2,634				3,728
Japanese Yen			17,224				14,167
Total outstanding forward currency exchange contracts		$	57,678			$	68,335

 

The Company entered into the foreign currency forward contracts on December 31, 2022, and June 30, 2022, respectively, and therefore, there was no amount of gains or losses on those contracts recorded on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The following table provides information about the gain or loss associated with the Company’s derivative financial instruments (in thousands):

 

		Three Months Ended December 31,								Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
Foreign currency exchange gain (loss) on forward contracts		$	(213	)		$	(226	)		$	1,446			$	(626	)
Foreign currency transaction gain (loss)			180				(407	)			(1,730	)			(775	)

 

Note 8. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is an exit price representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in the principal or most advantageous market, for the asset or liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy contains three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value, as follows:

Level 1— Unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for the identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2— Other observable inputs available at the measurement date, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, either directly or indirectly, including:

•

Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;

•

Quoted prices for identical or similar assets in non-active markets;

•

Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and

•

Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by other observable market data.

Level 3— Unobservable inputs that cannot be corroborated by observable market data and require the use of significant management judgment. These values are generally determined using pricing models for which the assumptions utilize management’s estimates of market participant assumptions.

 

Assets and Liabilities That Are Measured at Fair Value

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had open currency forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies with a stated, or notional, value of $57.7 million. The fair value of the underlying currency, based upon the December 31, 2022 exchange rate, was $57.7 million, which it considers to be a Level 2 fair value measurement.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had open currency forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies with a stated, or notional, value of $68.3 million. The fair value of the underlying currency, based upon the June 30, 2022 exchange rate, was $68.3 million, which it considers to be a Level 2 fair value measurement.

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The Company’s debt is measured on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs based upon observable inputs of the Company’s convertible debt. The Revolving Credit Facility (as defined in Note 10) and the Term Loan Facility (as defined in Note 10) reflects the bank quoted market rates, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 fair value measurement. The Company believes that the carrying value of these financial instruments approximates its estimated fair value based on the effective interest rate, compared to the current market rate available to the Company and analyzed at quarter-end.

The table below summarizes the carrying value and estimated fair value of the Term Loan Facility, the Revolving Credit Facility, the 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due July 2022, and the 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due July 2026 (in thousands) (see Note 10). In July 2022, the remaining outstanding amount of the 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 was repaid in cash.

 

		December 31,  2022								June 30, 2022
		Carrying Value				Fair Value				Carrying Value				Fair Value
3.75% Convertible Notes Due 2022		$	—			$	—			$	2,863			$	2,729
3.75% Convertible Notes Due 2026			97,901				83,161				97,619				78,561
Term Loan Facility			71,903				71,903				74,988				74,988
Revolving Credit Facility			10,000				10,000				5,000				5,000
Total		$	179,804			$	165,064			$	180,470			$	161,278

 

Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of its business. The Company records a provision for a loss when it believes that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. To the extent there is a reasonable possibility that a loss exceeding amounts already recognized may be incurred and the amount of such additional loss would be material, we will either disclose the estimated additional loss or state that such an estimate cannot be made. Currently, management believes the Company does not have any probable and reasonably estimable material losses related to any current legal proceedings and claims. Although occasional adverse decisions or settlements may occur, management does not believe that an adverse determination with respect to any of these claims would individually, or in the aggregate, materially and adversely affect the Company’s financial condition or operating results. Litigation is inherently unpredictable and is subject to significant uncertainties, some of which are beyond the Company’s control. Should any of these estimates and assumptions change or prove to have been incorrect, the Company could incur significant charges related to legal matters that could have a material impact on its results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

Indemnities

Under the terms of the Company’s software license agreements with its customers, the Company agrees that in the event the software sold infringes upon any patent, copyright, trademark, or any other proprietary right of a third‑party, it will indemnify its customer licensees against any loss, expense, or liability from any damages that may be awarded against its customer. The Company includes this infringement indemnification in all of its software license agreements and selected managed services arrangements. In the event the customer cannot use the software or service due to infringement and the Company cannot obtain the right to use, replace or modify the license or service in a commercially feasible manner so that it no longer infringes, then the Company may terminate the license and provide the customer a refund of the fees paid by the customer for the infringing license or service. The Company has not recorded any liability associated with this indemnification, as it is not aware of any pending or threatened actions that represent probable losses as of December 31, 2022.

The Company enters into standard indemnification agreements with its landlords and all superior mortgagees and their respective directors, officers, agents, and employees in the ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company will indemnify, hold harmless, and agree to reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, generally the landlords, in connection with any loss, accident, injury, or damage by any third‑party with respect to the leased facilities. The term of these indemnification agreements is from the commencement of the lease agreements until termination of the lease agreements. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, historically, the Company has not incurred claims or costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. The Company has not recorded any liability associated with its indemnification agreements as it is not aware of any pending or threatened actions that represent probable losses as of December 31, 2022.

 

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Guarantees

 

As of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022, the Company had various bank guarantees totaling $1.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively, primarily related to bidding processes with customers.

 

Royalty Agreement

 

The Company enters into software license agreements with third parties that may require royalty payments for each license used. In connection with such agreements, the Company recorded royalty costs of $0.6 million and $1.1 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, and $0.5 million and $0.9 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively, which were recorded in cost of revenue or deferred cost of revenue. The Company had approximately $3.1 million and $2.4 million accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2022, and June 30, 2022, respectively, related to royalty agreements.

 

Restructuring

 

In the second quarter of fiscal 2023, the Company announced a cost saving initiative designed to reduce operating costs. This cost saving initiative resulted in the reduction of the Company’s global workforce by 4.5% and is expected to cost approximately $2.4 million. The Company charged $1.9 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022, and estimates an additional charge of $0.5 million in the third quarter of fiscal year 2023. These charges are cash-based charges primarily related to severance expenses and other one-time termination benefits. At December 31, 2022, the Company has a remaining accrual of $1.1 million, which is included in accrued compensation on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, and expects the remaining amounts to be paid in fiscal year 2023.

 

Note 10. Debt

 

3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due July 2022

As of June 30, 2022, the $2.9 million aggregate principal amount of the 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due July 2022 (the “3.75% Convertible Notes due 2022”) remained outstanding. In July 2022, the remaining outstanding $2.9 million (principal and interest) of the 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 was repaid in cash.

3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due July 2026

In May 2021, the Company issued $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due July 2026 (the “3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026”) under an indenture agreement between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee. As of December 31, 2022, the if-converted value of its 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026 did not exceed the outstanding principal amount.

Credit Facilities

As of December 31, 2022, $10.0 million of aggregate principal amount was outstanding under the Company's $40.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), $73.0 million aggregate principal amount was outstanding under the Company's five-year $80.0 million term loan (the "Term Loan Facility"), and $1.1 million of associated unamortized debt costs. As of June 30, 2022, $5.0 million of aggregate principal amount was outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility, $76.0 million aggregate principal amount was outstanding under the Term Loan Facility, and $1.0 million of associated unamortized debt costs.

 

The following table presents the carrying value of the Notes, the Revolving Credit Facility, and the Term Loan Facility (in thousands):

 

As of December 31, 2022		3.75% Convertible Notes Due 2026				Revolving Credit Facility				Term Loan Facility				Total
Principal amount of the Notes		$	100,000			$	10,000			$	73,000			$	183,000
Unamortized debt costs			(2,099	)			—				(1,097	)			(3,196	)
Net carrying amount		$	97,901			$	10,000			$	71,903			$	179,804
Reported as:
Short-term debt														$	5,702
Long-term debt															174,102
Total debt														$	179,804

 

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As of June 30, 2022		3.75% Convertible Notes Due 2022				3.75% Convertible Notes Due 2026				Revolving Credit Facility				Term Loan Facility				Total
Principal amount of the Notes		$	2,865			$	100,000			$	5,000			$	76,000			$	183,865
Unamortized debt costs			(1	)			(2,381	)			—				(1,013	)			(3,395	)
Net carrying amount		$	2,864			$	97,619			$	5,000			$	74,987			$	180,470
Reported as:
Short-term debt																		$	8,563
Long-term debt																			171,907
Total debt																		$	180,470

 

A summary of interest expense on the Notes and Credit Facilities is as follows (in thousands):

 

		Three Months Ended December 31,								Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
Interest expense related to contractual interest coupon		$	2,362			$	1,824			$	4,394			$	3,711
Interest expense related to amortization of debt issuance costs			228				223				447				379
Total		$	2,590			$	2,047			$	4,841			$	4,090

In October 2022, the Company entered into the First Amendment to Credit Agreement (the “Amendment”) in respect of its Credit Agreement for the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility (the “Existing Credit Agreement”) among the Company, the financial institutions party thereto as lenders and issuing lenders and Silicon Valley Bank as administrative agent, issuing lender and swingline lender. The principal purpose of the Amendment was to change the requirements of the financial maintenance covenants under the Existing Credit Agreement until the end of the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2023. The Amendment increased the senior net leverage ratio required by the financial maintenance covenant from 3.00:1.00 to 3.50:1.00, for the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2022, from 2.50:1.00 to 3.00:1.00 for the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2023, and from 2.50:1.00 to 2.75:1.00 for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2023. The Amendment also reduced the consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio required by the financial maintenance covenants from 1.25:1.00 to 1.10:1.00, for the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2022, from 1.25:1.00 to 1.15:1.00 for the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2023, and from 1.25:1.00 to 1.20:1.00 for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2023.

 

Note 11. Stock Incentive Plan and Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The following table presents details of share-based compensation expenses, by functional line item noted within the Company's operating expenses (in thousands):

 

		Three Months Ended December 31,								Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
Cost of revenue		$	443			$	431			$	809			$	804
Research and development			403				382				771				720
Selling and marketing			458				572				944				1,016
General and administrative			1,822				1,309				3,518				2,671
Total share-based compensation		$	3,126			$	2,694			$	6,042			$	5,211

 

 

In October 2022, the Company increased the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under its 2016 Equity Incentive Plan by 4.0 million shares, and increased the number of authorized shares of the Company's common stock that may be issued under its Amended and Restated 2007 Employee Stock Purchase Plan by 2.5 million shares.

 

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Note 12. Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

The Company reports both basic and diluted net income (loss) per share, which is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per common share follows (in thousands, except for per share amounts):

 

		Three Months Ended December 31,								Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
Numerator:
Net income (loss)		$	(1,874	)		$	179			$	(7,323	)		$	(849	)
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic			94,567				91,761				94,048				91,299
Dilutive effect of potential common shares			—				2,171				—				—
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted			94,567				93,932				94,048				91,299
Basic net income (loss) per share		$	(0.02	)		$	0.00			$	(0.08	)		$	(0.01	)
Diluted net income (loss) per share		$	(0.02	)		$	0.00			$	(0.08	)		$	(0.01	)

The potentially dilutive shares of the Company’s common stock resulting from the assumed exercise of outstanding stock options, the vesting of Restricted Stock Units (RSU), Performance Stock Units (PSU), and the purchase of shares under the Employee Stock Purchase Program, as determined under the treasury stock method, are excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share when their effect would have been anti‑dilutive. Additionally, the outstanding 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2022 and the 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026 (collectively, the “Notes”) are included in the calculation of diluted net income per share only if their inclusion is dilutive for periods during which the notes were outstanding.

The following table sets forth all potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation in the table above because their effect would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):

 

		As of December 31,
		2022				2021
Stock options			6,740				6,334
RSUs and PSUs			8,170				4,452
Notes			17,056				17,557
			31,966				28,343

 

Note 13. Segment Information

 

The Company has one operating and reporting segment (Oncology systems group), which develops, manufactures and markets proprietary medical devices used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer patients. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, its Chief Operating Decision Maker, reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. The Company does not assess the performance of its individual product lines on measures of profit or loss, or asset-based metrics, therefore, the information below is presented only for revenues and long-lived tangible assets by geographic area.

 

Disaggregation of Revenues

 

The Company disaggregates its revenues from contracts by geographic region, as the Company believes this best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Additionally, the Company typically recognizes revenue at a point in time for product revenue and recognizes revenue over time for service revenue.

 

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Revenues attributed to a country or region is based on the shipping address of the Company’s customers. The following summarizes revenue by geographic region (in thousands):

 

		Three Months Ended December 31,								Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
Americas		$	27,919			$	40,983			$	55,204			$	74,952
Europe, India, Middle East and Africa			39,664				33,931				76,410				64,031
Asia Pacific, excluding Japan and China			9,199				9,900				17,173				13,820
Japan			15,700				11,363				27,188				21,761
China			22,278				20,098				35,278				49,153
Total		$	114,760			$	116,275			$	211,253			$	223,717

 

Disaggregation of Long-Lived Assets

 

Information regarding geographic areas in which the Company has long-lived tangible assets is as follows (in thousands):

 

		December 31,				June 30,
		2022				2022
Americas		$	10,000			$	11,251
Europe, India, Middle East and Africa			190				228
Asia Pacific, excluding Japan and China			260				272
Japan			197				265
China			508				669
Total		$	11,155			$	12,685

 

 

Note 14. Joint Venture

 

The Company applies the equity method of accounting to its ownership interest in the JV as the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over the JV but lacks controlling financial interest and is not the primary beneficiary. The Company recognizes revenue on sales to the JV in the current period, eliminating a portion of profit to the extent goods sold have not been sold through by the JV to an end customer at the end of such reporting period. As of December 31, 2022, the Company owned a 49% interest in the JV, which is reported as an investment in joint venture on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

The following table shows the reconciliation between the carrying value of the Company's investment in the JV and its proportional share of the underlying equity in net assets of the JV (in thousands):

 

		December 31,  2022				June 30, 2022
Carrying value of investment in joint venture		$	12,276			$	13,879
Deferred intra-entity profit margin			4,469				5,456
Equity method goodwill			(4,720	)			(4,720	)
Proportional share of equity investment in joint venture		$	12,025			$	14,615

 

As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s carrying value of the investment in the JV was decreased for the Company's proportional share of the JV's currency translation adjustment by $0.5 million. At June 30, 2022, the Company’s carrying value of the investment in the JV was increased for the Company's proportional share of the investee's currency translation adjustment by $1.0 million.

 

Summarized financial information of the JV, based on a one-quarter lag due to the timing of the availability of the JV’s financial records, is as follows (in thousands):

 

		Three Months Ended September 30,								Six Months Ended September 30,
Statement of Operations Data:		2022				2021				2022				2021
Revenue		$	23,983			$	8,123			$	50,723			$	15,792
Gross Profit			3,719				2,602				8,315				4,942
Net loss			(1,416	)			(1,698	)			(2,168	)			(2,391	)
Net loss attributable to the Company			(699	)			(832	)			(1,067	)			(1,172	)

 

 

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Summarized Balance Sheet Data:		As of September 30, 2022				As of September 30, 2021
Assets
Current assets		$	74,525			$	59,250
Non-current assets			17,658				22,677
Total assets		$	92,183			$	81,927
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities		$	66,618			$	53,700
Non-current liabilities			669				1,147
Stockholders' equity			24,896				27,080
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity		$	92,183			$	81,927

 

The following table shows the activity of the Company’s deferred intra-entity profit margin from sales (in thousands):

 

		Three Months Ended December 31,								Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
Previously deferred intra-entity profit margin from sales - recognized		$	(4,067	)		$	(1,002	)		$	(6,415	)		$	(1,217	)
Intra-entity profit margin from sales - deferred			3,042				219				5,429				2,172
Total change in deferred intra-entity profit margin from sales		$	(1,025	)		$	(783	)		$	(986	)		$	955

 

Note 15. Income Tax

 

On a quarterly basis, the Company provides for income taxes based upon an estimated annual effective income tax rate. The Company recognized income tax expense of $1.0 million and $1.4 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, primarily related to foreign taxes. The Company recognized income tax expense of $0.5 million and $0.9 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively, primarily related to foreign taxes.

 

Starting in fiscal year 2019, certain income earned by controlling foreign corporations (“CFCs”) must be included in the gross income of the CFC’s U.S. shareholder. The income required to be included in gross income is referred to as global intangible low tax income (“GILTI”) and is defined under IRC Section 951A as the excess of the shareholder’s net CFC tested income over the net deemed tangible income return. The GILTI inclusion amount is expected to be fully absorbed by net operating losses carryforward and is not expected to cause the Company to be in a U.S. taxable income position for fiscal year 2023.

 

There is currently no expected impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for fiscal year 2023 relating to the change in U.S. tax law that requires capitalization and amortization of research and experimental expenditures incurred after July 1, 2022. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of this tax law change on future periods.

 

As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits were $19.8 million, of which $19.6 million would not affect income tax expense before consideration of any valuation allowance. The Company does not expect its unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly over the next 12 months. Interest and penalties accrued on unrecognized tax benefits is recorded as a component of income tax expense.

 

Note 16. Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and determined that there have been no events that have occurred that would require adjustments to its disclosures in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition as of December 31, 2022, and results of operations for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 should be read together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this report. Statements made in this Form 10-Q report that are not statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements that are subject to the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements in this report relate, but are not limited, to: our future results of operations and financial position, including the sufficiency of cash resources and expected cash flows to fund future operations, including the next 12 months; our expectations regarding backlog and age-outs, cancellations of contracts and foreign currency impacts; the anticipated drivers of our future capital requirements; expectations regarding our strategy in China and our China joint venture as well as its expected impact on our business; expectations regarding the market in China for radiation oncology systems; expectations regarding the effects of the global macroeconomic conditions and the COVID-19 pandemic on our financial results and business, the business of our customers and suppliers as well as the economy; expectations regarding delays in deliveries and installations and its impact on our business; expectations regarding supply chain challenges and heightened logistics costs and its impact on our business; expectations regarding the timing of deliveries and revenue conversion related to the Class A user license awards in China; our expectations regarding the adequacy of our manufacturing facilities; the anticipated risks associated with our foreign operations and fluctuations in the U.S. Dollar and foreign currencies as well as our ability to mitigate such risks; tariffs and trade policies; expectations regarding our cost savings initiatives; expectations related to the effect of the GILTI tax on our taxable income position; the amount of unrecognized tax amounts; the sufficiency of our cash, cash equivalents and investments to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures and our business strategy, plans and objectives. Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “predicts,” “projects,” “may,” “will be,” “will continue,” “will likely result,” and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. If any of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if any of our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results could differ materially from the results expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, those discussed in this quarterly report, in particular under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A, and other filings we make with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date the statements are made and are based on information available to us at the time those statements are made and/or management’s good faith belief as of that time with respect to future events. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual performance or results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements.

 

In this report, “Accuray,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Accuray Incorporated and its subsidiaries.

 

Overview

Company

 

We are a radiation therapy company that develops, manufactures, sells and supports market-changing solutions that are designed to deliver radiation treatments for even the most complex cases, while making commonly treatable cases even more straightforward, to meet the full spectrum of patient needs. We believe in comparison to conventional linear accelerators, our treatment delivery, planning, and data management solutions provide better accuracy, flexibility, and control; fewer treatments with shorter treatment times; and the technology to expand beyond cancer, making it easier for clinical teams around the world to provide treatments that help patients get back to living their lives, faster.
 

 

Our innovative technologies, the CyberKnife® and TomoTherapy® platforms, including the Radixact® System, our next generation TomoTherapy platform, are designed to deliver advanced treatments, including stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT), and adaptive radiation therapy (ART). The CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms have complementary clinical applications with the same goal: to empower our customers to deliver the most precise and accurate treatments while still minimizing dose to healthy tissue, helping to reduce the risk of side effects that may impact patients’ quality of life. Each of these systems serves patient populations treated by the same medical specialty, radiation oncology, with advanced capabilities. The CyberKnife platform is also used by neurosurgeons specializing in radiosurgery to treat patients with tumors in the brain and spine, and neurologic disorders. In addition to these products, we also provide services, which include post-contract customer support (warranty period services and post-warranty services), installation services, training, and other professional services.

 

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Current Economic Conditions and COVID-19 Pandemic

 

We are subject to risks and uncertainties caused by events with significant macroeconomic impacts, including, but not limited to, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, inflation, actions taken to counter inflation and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has also created significant global economic uncertainty, adversely impacted the business of our customers, partners and vendors, contributed to supply chain and labor issues and has impacted our business and results of operations in the past and could further impact our results of operations and our cash flows in the future. These conditions have created and may continue to create significant disruptions with respect to demand for our products and services, including reduced sales of our products and services as a result of COVID-19 related restrictions and lockdowns; the operating procedures and workflow of our customers, particularly hospitals; our ability to continue to manufacture our products; and the reliability of our supply chain, which have impacted and could continue to impact our revenue, expenses and operating results.

 

We expect that our customers’ business and our business will continue to be adversely impacted, directly or indirectly, by macroeconomic and geopolitical issues, including supply chain issues, inflation, labor, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and other factors that may emerge. However, the extent of the ongoing impact of these macroeconomic events on our business, our markets and on global economic activity is uncertain and the related financial impact cannot be reasonably estimated with any certainty at this time. Our past results may not be indicative of our future performance, and historical trends including conversion of backlog to revenue, income (loss) from operations, net income (loss), net income (loss) per share and cash flows may differ materially. Accordingly, management is carefully evaluating our liquidity position, communicating with and monitoring the actions of our customers and suppliers, and reviewing our near-term financial performance as the uncertainty related to these factors continues to unfold. We also continue to evaluate our operating expenses, including our real estate needs and continue to assess our operations and how and to what extent we will continue to utilize our current real estate assets. The risks related to our business, including further discussion of the impact and possible future impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and current economic conditions on our business, are further described in the section titled “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 

Restructuring

 

In the second quarter of fiscal 2023, we announced a cost saving initiative designed to reduce operating costs. This cost saving initiative resulted in the reduction of our global workforce by 4.5% and is expected to cost approximately $2.4 million. We charged $1.9 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022, and estimate an additional charge of $0.5 million in the third quarter of fiscal year 2023. These charges are cash-based charges primarily related to severance expenses and other one-time termination benefits. At December 31, 2022, we have a remaining accrual of $1.1 million and expects the remaining amounts to be paid in fiscal year 2023.

 

China Joint Venture

 

In January 2019, our wholly-owned subsidiary, Accuray Asia Limited (“Accuray Asia”), entered into an agreement with CNNC High Energy Equipment (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of China Isotope & Radiation Corporation, to form a joint venture, CNNC Accuray (Tianjin) Medical Technology Co. Ltd. (the “JV”), to manufacture and sell radiation oncology systems in China. The JV aims to be uniquely positioned to serve China, which we believe is the world’s largest growth market for radiation oncology systems. China represents a significantly underserved market for linacs based on the country’s population and cancer incidence rates on both an absolute and relative country basis.

 

With the receipt of the necessary permits and licenses to operate, the JV has begun selling products in China, much like a distributor. In the long term, we anticipate that the JV will manufacture and sell a locally branded “Made in China” radiotherapy device in the Class B license category, or Class B device, which would replace our current offering in that category. We believe this strategy will allow us to best maximize both near and longer-term opportunities in China. The regulatory submission to the National Medical Products Administration (“NMPA”) has been completed and we expect NMPA clearance in the second half of fiscal year 2024 and take orders shortly thereafter.

 

Backlog

 

Our backlog includes contractual agreements with our customers for the purchase of our CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms, including the Radixact Systems and related upgrades and we cannot provide assurance that we will convert backlog into recognized revenue primarily due to factors outside of our control. The amount of backlog recognized into revenue is primarily impacted by three items: cancellations, age-outs and foreign currency fluctuations. Orders could be cancelled for reasons including, without limitation, changes in customers’ needs, priorities or financial condition, changes in government or health insurance reimbursement policies, or changes to regulatory requirements. In addition to cancellations, after 2.5 years, if we have not been able to recognize revenue on an agreement, we remove the agreement from backlog and the order is considered aged-out. Agreements may age-out for many reasons, including but not limited to, inability of the customer to pay, inability of the customer to adapt their facilities to accommodate our

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products in a timely manner, or inability to timely obtain licenses necessary for customer facilities or operation of our equipment. Age-ins represent orders that previously aged-out but have been recognized as revenue in the current period. Age-ins offset the gross amount of age-outs in a particular period.

 

Our backlog also includes amounts not denominated in U.S. Dollars and therefore, fluctuations in the U.S. Dollar as compared to other currencies will impact revenue. Generally, strengthening of the U.S. Dollar will negatively impact revenue. Backlog is stated at historical foreign currency exchange rates, and revenue is released from backlog at current exchange rates, with any difference recorded as a backlog adjustment.

 

A summary of gross orders, net orders, and order backlog is as follows (in thousands):

 

		Three Months Ended December 31,								Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
Gross orders		$	79,035			$	85,381			$	148,883			$	155,365
Age-ins			6,526				8,367				12,416				19,569
Age-outs			(41,350	)			(45,768	)			(92,526	)			(82,797	)
Cancellations			—				(3,968	)			(1,460	)			(7,148	)
Currency impacts and other			(3,342	)			(3,829	)			(6,874	)			(4,043	)
Net orders		$	40,869			$	40,183			$	60,439			$	80,946
Order backlog at the end of the period		$	515,236			$	581,267			$	515,236			$	581,267

 

As of December 31, 2022, our order backlog that represented upgrades sold through service contracts totaled $0.9 million as compared to $1.1 million as of December 31, 2021.

 

Gross Orders and Book to Bill Ratio

 

Gross orders are defined as the sum of new orders recorded during the period adjusted for any revisions to existing orders during the period. Our book to bill ratio is defined as gross orders for the period divided by product revenue for the period.

Gross orders decreased by $6.3 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to decreases in our Europe, India, Middle East and Africa ("EIMEA"), Japan and Asia Pacific regions, partially offset by an increase in our Americas region. TomoTherapy System gross orders and upgrades decreased by $9.0 million and CyberKnife Systems gross orders and upgrades increased by $2.7 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Gross orders decreased by $6.5 million during the six months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to decreases in our EIMEA, Japan and Asia Pacific regions, partially offset by increases in our Americas and China regions. CyberKnife Systems gross orders and upgrades decreased by $6.7 million, and TomoTherapy System gross orders and upgrades were unchanged during the six months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Our book to bill ratio was 1.2 and 1.4 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, as compared to 1.4 and 1.4 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively.
 

Net Orders

Net orders are defined as gross orders less cancellations, age-outs net of age-ins, foreign currency impacts and other adjustments during the period.

Net orders increased by $0.7 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to lower cancellations, a decrease in age-outs and a decrease in unfavorable foreign currency impacts, partially offset by a decrease in age-ins and gross orders.

Net orders decreased by $20.5 million during the six months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to decreases in age-ins, gross orders, and unfavorable foreign exchange impacts, and an increase in age-outs, partially offset by lower cancellations.

 

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Results of Operations — Three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

 

	Three Months Ended December 31,																Six Months Ended December 31,
	2022				2021				Change								2022				2021				Change
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount				Amount				$				%				Amount				Amount				$				%
Products (a)	$	63,269			$	60,721				2,548				4			$	107,892			$	113,480				(5,588	)			(5	)
Services (b)		51,491				55,554				(4,063	)			(7	)			103,361				110,237				(6,876	)			(6	)
Net revenue		114,760				116,275				(1,515	)			(1	)			211,253				223,717				(12,464	)			(6	)
Products gross profit		24,021				25,201				(1,180	)			(5	)			39,794				46,451				(6,657	)			(14	)
Services gross profit		18,946				17,426				1,520				9				37,770				35,700				2,070				6
Gross profit		42,967				42,627				340				1				77,564				82,151				(4,587	)			(6	)
Research and development expenses (c)		14,641				14,697				(56	)			(0	)			28,733				29,079				(346	)			(1	)
Selling and marketing expenses		13,586				13,233				353				3				24,381				24,504				(123	)			(1	)
General and administrative expenses		12,035				10,716				1,319				12				23,927				22,176				1,751				8
Loss on equity method investment, net		699				832				(133	)			(16	)			1,067				1,172				(105	)			(9	)
Other expense, net		2,831				2,490				341				14				5,389				5,158				231				4
Provision for income taxes		1,049				480				569				119				1,390				911				479				53
Net income (loss)	$	(1,874	)		$	179				(2,053	)			(1,147	)		$	(7,323	)		$	(849	)			(6,474	)			(763	)

 

 

(a)

Includes sales to the JV, an equity method investment of $16,715 and $25,584 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and $8,816 and $14,735 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively. See Note 14.

(b)

Includes sales to the JV, an equity method investment of $2,494 and $5,451 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, and $2,679 and $5,494 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively. See Note 14.

(c)

Includes chargeback to the JV, an equity method investment related to research and development project of $487 and $1,266 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, and $415 and $994 during the three and six months ended December 31, 2021, respectively.

 

Net Revenue

 

Products Net Revenue

 

Products net revenue increased by $2.5 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, mostly driven by an increase in revenue from the sale of systems. Product revenues during the three months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, were unfavorably impacted by foreign exchange.

 

Products net revenue decreased by $5.6 million during the six months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily driven by a $3.2 million decrease in revenue from the sale of product upgrades and a $2.4 million decrease in revenue from the sale of systems. Product revenues during the six months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, were unfavorably impacted by foreign exchange.

 

Services Net Revenue

 

Services net revenue decreased by $4.1 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a $2.7 million decrease from contract services that was largely driven by foreign exchange impacts and a $1.2 million decrease in revenue from training and installation activity.

 

Services net revenue decreased by $6.9 million during the six months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a $5.0 million decrease in revenue from contract services that was largely driven by foreign exchange, and a $1.4 million decrease in revenue from training and installation.

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Percentage of net revenue by geographic region, based on the shipping location of our customers, is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):

 

		Three Months Ended December 31,								Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2022				2021
Net revenue		$	114,760			$	116,275			$	211,253			$	223,717
Americas			24	%			35	%			26	%			33	%
Europe, India, Middle East and Africa			35	%			29	%			36	%			29	%
Asia Pacific, excluding Japan and China			8	%			9	%			8	%			6	%
Japan			14	%			10	%			13	%			10	%
China			19	%			17	%			17	%			22	%

 

Revenue derived from sales outside of the Americas region was $86.8 million and $75.3 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Revenues derived from sales outside the Americas region increased primarily due to an increase in system sales in the EIMEA, Japan and China regions. Revenues from the Americas region decreased primarily due to a decrease in system sales and contract service revenues.

 

Revenue derived from sales outside of the Americas region was $156.0 million and $148.8 million during the six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Revenues derived from sales outside the Americas region increased primarily due to increases in system sales in the EIMEA, Japan and Asia Pacific regions, partially offset by a decrease in the sale of systems in China largely due to COVID-19 restrictions that occurred during the first fiscal quarter. Revenues from the Americas region decreased primarily due to decreases in system sales and contract service revenues.

 

Gross Profit

 

Overall gross profit increased by $0.3 million, or 1%, during the three months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Service gross profit increased by $1.5 million, primarily due to lower net parts consumption and freight expenses, partially offset by lower service revenues. Product gross profit decreased by $1.2 million primarily due to higher product cost of sales, partially offset by an increase in revenue from the sale of systems.

 

Overall gross profit decreased by $4.6 million, or 6%, during the six months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Product gross profit decreased by $6.7 million primarily due to an unfavorable product mix and unfavorable foreign exchange impact to net revenue. Service gross profit increased by $2.1 million, primarily due to lower net parts consumption, partially offset by an unfavorable foreign exchange impact to net revenue.

 

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses decreased by $0.1 million, or 0%, during the three months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in outside services, mainly offset by higher employee compensation and benefits driven by severance payments in the second quarter of fiscal year 2023.

 

Research and development expenses decreased by $0.3 million, or 1%, during the six months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in outside services, partially offset by higher employee compensation and benefits driven by severance payments in the second quarter of fiscal year 2023.

 

 

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Selling and Marketing

 

Selling and marketing expenses increased by $0.4 million, or 3%, during the three months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase was primarily driven by severance payments in the second quarter of fiscal year 2023, partially offset by lower employee compensation and benefits, and lower commissions to employees.

 

Selling and marketing expenses decreased by $0.1 million, or 1%, during the six months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The decrease was primarily driven by severance payments in the second quarter of fiscal year 2023 and an increase in travel and entertainment expenses, mainly offset by lower employee compensation and benefits and trade show expenses.

 

General and Administrative

 

General and administrative expenses increased by $1.3 million, or 12%, during the three months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase was primarily due to an increase in employee compensation and benefits as a result of an increase in headcount, higher audit fees, and an increase in consulting fees related to the implementation of a new ERP system.

 

 

General and administrative expenses increased by $1.8 million, or 8%, during the six months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase was primarily due to higher employee compensation and benefits as a result of an increase in headcount, higher audit fees, and an increase in consulting fees related to the implementation of a new ERP system, partially offset by a decrease in bad debt expense and lower operating costs.

 

Loss on equity method investment, net

 

Loss on equity method investment decreased by $0.1 million during both the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year. These amounts relate to our JV.

 

Other Expense, net

 

Other expense, net increased by $0.3 million and $0.2 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to an increase in interest expense, partially offset by a decrease in foreign currency translation losses.
 

 

Provision for Income Taxes

 

On a quarterly basis, we provide for income taxes based upon an estimated annual effective income tax rate. The provision for income taxes increased by $0.6 million and $0.5 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year. The changes in the provision for income taxes is primarily due to changes in deferred tax liability and higher foreign earnings.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

At December 31, 2022, we had $67.7 million in cash and cash equivalents. Based on our cash and cash equivalents balance, available debt facilities, current business plan and revenue prospects, we believe we will have sufficient cash resources and anticipated cash flows to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months. We continue however, to critically review our liquidity and anticipated capital requirements in light of the significant uncertainty created by the COVID-19 pandemic and macroeconomic conditions. In the second quarter of fiscal 2023, we announced a cost saving initiative designed to reduce operating costs. This cost saving initiative resulted in the reduction of our global workforce by 4.5% and is expected to cost approximately $2.4 million. We charged $1.9 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022, and estimate an additional charge of $0.5 million in the third quarter of fiscal year 2023. These charges are cash-based charges primarily related to severance expenses and other one-time termination benefits. At December 31, 2022, we have a remaining accrual of $1.1 million and expects the remaining amounts to be paid in fiscal year 2023.

 

In May 2021, we issued $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 under an indenture between us and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee. Concurrently with the issuance of the notes, in May 2021, we entered into a senior secured credit agreement with Silicon Valley Bank, individually as a lender and agent, and the other lenders (the “Credit Agreement”), which provides for a five-year $80 million term loan facility (the "Term Loan Facility") and a $40

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million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). As of December 31, 2022, we had an outstanding balance under the Term Loan Facility of $73.0 million and Revolving Credit Facility of $10.0 million. Refer to Note 10. Debt to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for discussion of the Term Loan Facility, the Revolving Credit Facility and our Convertible Notes outstanding as of December 31, 2022.

 

Our liquidity and cash flows have been and could continue to be materially impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and current macroeconomic factors, including facility closures, supply chain disruptions, rising inflation, increased volatility in the financial markets, the potential of renewed "shelter in place" or quarantine orders, or other reasons related to the COVID-19 pandemic and current macroeconomic conditions. These factors have and could continue to negatively impact our business operations and cash flows for the foreseeable future, including reductions in revenue, decreases in gross margin and delays in payments from customers, as well as declines or delays in the conversion of backlog to revenue. There remain uncertainties as to how the COVID-19 pandemic and the current macroeconomic environment is likely to materially impact our business, results of operations, access to sources of liquidity and financial condition in the future. As a result, we are unable to predict with certainty the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and current macroeconomic conditions on our ability to maintain compliance with the financial covenants contained in the credit and security agreements related to our Credit Facilities. We may also experience other, unexpected impacts to our business, including matters discussed in the Risk Factors in Item 1A below. While we were in compliance with such covenants for the period ended December 31, 2022, failure to meet the covenant requirements in the future could cause us to be in default and the maturity of the related debt could be accelerated and become immediately payable. This may require us to obtain waivers or amendments to the credit and security agreement in order to maintain compliance and there can be no certainty that any such waiver or amendments will be available, or what the cost of such waiver or amendment, if obtained, would be. If we are unable to obtain necessary waivers or amendment and the debt under such credit facility is accelerated, we would be required to obtain replacement financing at prevailing market rates, which may not be favorable to us. There is no guarantee that we would be able to satisfy our obligations if any of our indebtedness is accelerated.

 

Additionally, the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries at December 31, 2022, for all countries except Japan, France, and Switzerland are considered to be indefinitely reinvested and unavailable for distribution in the form of dividends or otherwise. Future repatriation of the Company’s foreign earnings could be subject to income taxes. As of December 31, 2022, we had $31.0 million of cash and cash equivalents at our foreign subsidiaries. If such funds were repatriated, there will be additional foreign tax withholdings imposed depending on the country from which the funds were repatriated.

 

Our cash flows for six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, are summarized as follows (in thousands):

 

		Six Months Ended December 31,
		2022				2021
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		$	(17,968	)		$	24,011
Net cash used in investing activities			(2,806	)			(2,259	)
Net cash used in financing activities			(90	)			(14,510	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash			(79	)			(747	)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		$	(20,943	)		$	6,495

 

 

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

 

Net cash used in operating activities during the six months ended December 31, 2022 was from a decrease in net changes from assets and liabilities of $21.6 million and a net loss of $7.3 million, partially offset by non-cash items of $10.9 million.

 

•

Non-cash items primarily consisted of share-based compensation expense of $6.0 million, depreciation and amortization expense of $2.3 million, provision for inventories write-down of $2.0 million, loss from equity method investment of $1.1 million, and non-cash interest expense on debt of $0.4 million, partially offset by $1.0 million for the release of equity method investment intra-entity profit margin on sales.

 

•

The major contributors to the net changes of assets and liabilities during the six months ended December 31, 2022, were as follows: a $14.2 million increase in inventories primarily due to increased costs and delays in shipping of quarterly orders; a $8.2 million decrease in customer advances due to delivery of orders; a $8.1 million decrease in accrued liabilities which was primarily due to the fiscal year 2022 company-wide bonus payment made in our second quarter of fiscal year 2023, partially offset by a $5.7 million decrease in accounts receivable primarily due to an increase in collections; and a $3.0 million increase in accounts payable which was primarily due to the timing of payments.

 

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Cash Flows from Investing Activities

 

Net cash used by investing activities was $2.8 million during the six months ended December 31, 2022 and was mostly related to the purchase of property and equipment.

 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

 

Net cash used in financing activities during the six months ended December 31, 2022 was due to a $2.9 million repayment of the 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2022 and the scheduled payment of $3.0 million of the principal amount outstanding on our Term Loan Facility, mainly offset by a $5.0 million drawdown on our Revolving Credit Facility and $1.1 million in proceeds from employee stock plans.

 

Operating Capital and Capital Expenditure Requirements

Our future capital requirements depend on numerous factors. These factors include but are not limited to the following:

•

Revenue generated by sales of our products and service plans;

•

Our ability to generate cash flows from operations;

•

Costs associated with our sales and marketing initiatives and manufacturing activities;

•

Facilities, equipment and IT systems required to support current and future operations;

•

Rate of progress and cost of our research and development activities;

•

Costs of obtaining and maintaining FDA and other regulatory clearances of our products;

•

Effects of competing technological and market developments;

•

Number and timing of acquisitions and other strategic transactions;

•

Servicing and maturity of our current future indebtedness, including interest rates as further described in Part I, Item 3, “Interest Rate Risk”;

•

The impact of inflation of our expenses, and

•

The unpredictable impact of the global macroeconomic environment and COVID-19 pandemic, including on collections, supply chain, and logistics.

 

We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents balance will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months. If these sources of cash and cash equivalents are insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, or we believe market conditions are favorable, we may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities or enter into additional credit facilities. The sale of additional equity or convertible debt securities could result in dilution to our stockholders. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of debt securities, these securities could have rights senior to those associated with our common stock and could contain covenants that would restrict our operations. Additional financing may not be available at all, or in amounts or on terms acceptable to us. If we are unable to obtain this additional financing, we may be required to reduce the scope of our planned product development and marketing efforts.

 

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

 

We presented our contractual obligations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. Our contractual obligations consist of debt, operating leases, purchase commitments, and other contractual obligations. There have been no material changes to these obligations outside the ordinary course of business during the six months ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the contractual obligations disclosed in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2022.

 

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

At December 31, 2022 we had open currency forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies. See Note 7. Derivative Financial Instruments to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP). The preparation of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities. The economic uncertainty in the current environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and macroeconomic environment however, could limit our ability to accurately make and evaluate our estimates and judgments. Actual results could therefore differ materially from those estimates if actual conditions differ from our assumptions.

 

During the six months ended December 31, 2022, there have been no changes to the critical accounting policies and estimates, which we believe are those related to revenue recognition and the assessment of stand-alone selling price (“SSP”), assessment of recoverability of goodwill, valuation of inventories, convertible notes, impairment of investments, and allowance for credit losses. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

 

Concentration of Credit and Other Risks

 

Our cash and cash equivalents are deposited with several major financial institutions. At times, deposits in these institutions exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts and do not believe that we are exposed to any significant risk of loss on these balances.

 

During the three and six months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, one customer represented 10% or more of total net revenue. As of December 31, 2022, and June 30, 2022, we had one customer that accounted for 10% or more of our total accounts receivable, net.

 

We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and maintain reserves for potential credit losses. Accounts receivable are deemed past due in accordance with the contractual terms of the agreement. Accounts receivable balances are charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts once collection efforts are unsuccessful.

 

Single-source suppliers presently provide us with several components. In most cases, if a supplier was unable to deliver these components, we believe that we would be able to find other sources for these components subject to any regulatory qualifications, if required.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Our revenue is primarily derived from sales of CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms and services, which include post-contract customer support ("PCS") contracts (warranty period services and post-warranty services), installation services, training and other professional services. We record our revenue net of any value added or sales tax. We recognize revenue for certain performance obligations at the point in time when control is transferred, such as delivery of products. We recognize revenue for certain other performance obligations over a period of time as control of the goods or services is transferred, such as PCS and construction contracts. Payments received in advance of system shipment are recorded as customer advances and are deferred until product shipment when they are recognized in revenue. We assess the probability of collection based on a number of factors, including past transaction history with the customer and creditworthiness of the customer. We generally do not request collateral from our customers.

 

We frequently enter into sales arrangements that contain multiple performance obligations. For sale arrangements that contain multiple performance obligations, we account for individual products and services separately if a product or service is separately identifiable from other items in the bundled package and if a customer can benefit from it on its own or with other resources that are readily available to the customer. The stand-alone selling price (“SSP”) is determined based on observable prices at which we separately sell the products and services. If a SSP is not directly observable, then we will estimate the SSP considering market conditions, entity-specific factors, and information about the customer or class of customer that is reasonably available.

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Product Revenue

 

The majority of product revenue is generated from sales of CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms, including Radixact Systems. Revenue is recognized once the performance obligations are satisfied by transferring control of the product to a customer, which is generally upon delivery.

 

We record revenue from sales of systems, product upgrades and accessories to our customers based on the general terms and conditions of the executed sales and distribution agreements as well as the specific terms and conditions executed for each sale, and once the performance obligations are satisfied by transferring control of the product to a customer.

 

We record revenue considering all discounts given to, or expected by, customers. As a result, management may make estimates of potential future product returns or trade ins and other allowances related to product revenue in the current period. In general, we do not allow returns from customers and all discounts and allowances are clearly identified in the terms and conditions of each sale. We derive some product revenue from sales to the JV.

 

Service Revenue

 

Service revenue is generated primarily from PCS, installation services, training and professional services. Service revenue is recognized either ratably over the contractual period as control and benefit transfer to the customer or when service is performed, depending on specific terms and conditions in agreements with customers. We derive some service revenue from sales to the JV.

 

Costs associated with service revenue are expensed when incurred, except when those costs are related to system upgrades purchased within a service contract. In those cases, the costs of such upgrades are recognized at the time control and benefit of the upgrade transfers to the customer.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

We do not utilize derivative financial instruments, derivative commodity instruments or other market risk sensitive instruments, positions or transactions.

 

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

 

A portion of our net sales are denominated in foreign currencies, most notably the Euro and the Japanese Yen. Future fluctuations in the value of the U.S. Dollar may affect the price competitiveness of our products outside the United States. For direct sales outside the United States, we sell in both U.S. Dollars and local currencies, which could expose us to additional foreign currency risks, including changes in currency exchange rates. Our operating expenses in countries outside the United States, are payable in foreign currencies and therefore, expose us to currency risk. We expect the changes in the fair value of the net foreign currency assets arising from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates to be materially offset by the changes in the fair value of the forward contracts. As of December 31, 2022, we had open currency forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies with stated, or notional value of approximately $57.7 million.

The purpose of these forward contracts is to minimize the risk associated with foreign exchange rate fluctuations. We have developed a foreign exchange policy to govern our forward contracts. These foreign currency forward contracts do not qualify as cash flow hedges and all changes in fair value are reported in earnings as part of other expenses, net. We have not entered into any other types of derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purpose. Our foreign currency forward contract valuation inputs are based on quoted prices and quoted pricing intervals from public data and do not involve management judgment.

 

Interest Rate Risk

Our debt obligations consist of a variety of financial instruments that expose us to interest rate risk, including, but not limited to the Credit Facilities and Notes. The interest rates on the Notes are fixed and the interest rate on the Credit Facilities are at variable rates, which are tied to a “prime rate” and the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"). As of December 31, 2022, borrowings under the Term Loan Facility totaled $73.0 million net of issuance cost with an annual interest rate of 3.0% plus 90-day SOFR, and borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility totaled $10.0 million with an annual interest rate of 3.0% plus 90-day SOFR. If the amount outstanding under the Credit Facilities remained at this level for the next 12 months and interest rates increased or decreased by a 50 basis point change, our annual interest expense would increase or decrease, respectively, approximately $0.4 million. Refer to Note 10. Debt to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion regarding our debt obligation.

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Equity Price Risk

On May 13, 2021, we issued approximately $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026. Upon conversion, we can settle the obligation by issuing our common stock, cash or a combination thereof at an initial conversion rate equal to 170.5611 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026, which is equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $5.86 per share of common stock, subject to adjustment. There is no equity price risk if the share price of our common stock is below $5.86 upon conversion of the 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026. For every $1 that the share price of our common stock exceeds $5.86, we expect to issue an additional $17.1 million in cash or shares of our common stock, or a combination thereof, if all of the 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026 are converted.

 

Inflation Risk

We believe that inflation could have a material effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition if it remains at elevated levels for an extended period of time. We may not be able to fully offset such higher costs. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, results of operations or financial condition.

 

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2022. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of December 31, 2022 our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

There were no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the six months ended December 31, 2022, that have been materially effected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

Inherent Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

Internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives because of its inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Internal control over financial reporting also can be circumvented by collusion or improper management override. Because of such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. These inherent limitations however, are known features of the financial reporting process, therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and in reaching a reasonable level of assurance, management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The information set forth in Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies—Litigation, to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

Risk Factors Summary

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those highlighted in Part II, Item 1A titled “Risk Factors.” These risks include, but are not limited to, the following:

Risks related to our business and results of operations

•

We face risks related to the current global economic environment, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

•

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

•

If our products do not achieve widespread market acceptance, we will not be able to generate the revenue necessary to support our business.

•

Our ability to achieve profitability depends in part on maintaining or increasing our gross margins on product sales and services.

•

We have outstanding indebtedness and may incur other debt in the future, which may adversely affect our financial condition and future financial results.

•

Our operating results, including our quarterly orders, revenues and margins fluctuate from quarter to quarter and may be unpredictable, which may result in a decline in our stock price.

•

Our industry is subject to intense competition and rapid technological change. If we are unable to anticipate or keep pace with changes in the marketplace and the direction of technological innovation and customer demands, our products may become obsolete or less useful and our operating results will suffer.

•

We are subject to risks arising from our international operations, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

•

If we encounter manufacturing problems, or if our manufacturing facilities do not continue to meet federal, state or foreign manufacturing standards, we may be required to temporarily cease all or part of our manufacturing operations, which would result in delays and lost revenue.

•

If we are unable to develop new products or enhance existing products to meet our customers’ needs and compete favorably in the market, we may be unable to attract or retain customers.

•

If we do not effectively manage our growth, our business may be significantly harmed.

•

We could become subject to product liability claims, product recalls, other field actions and warranty claims that could be expensive, divert management’s attention and harm our business.

•

Our reliance on single‑source suppliers for critical components of our products could harm our ability to meet demand for our products in a timely and cost effective manner.

•

The inflationary environment could materially adversely impact our business and results of operations.

•

We depend on key employees, the loss of whom would adversely affect our business.

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•

Disruption of critical information technology systems, infrastructure and data or cyberattacks could harm our business and financial condition.

•

Any actual or perceived failure by us to comply with legal or regulatory requirements related to privacy, cyber security and data protection in one or multiple jurisdictions could result in proceedings, actions or penalties against us.

•

If third party payors do not provide sufficient coverage and reimbursement to healthcare providers for use of our product platforms or if the number of patients covered by health insurance reduces, demand for our products and our revenue could be adversely affected.

•

The safety and efficacy of our products for certain uses is not yet supported by long‑term clinical data, and our products may therefore prove to be less safe and effective than initially thought.

•

We rely on third parties to perform spare parts shipping and other logistics functions on our behalf. A failure or disruption at our logistics providers would adversely impact our business.

•

Third parties may claim we are infringing their intellectual property or that we are operating outside the scope of or violating a license or other agreement relating to their intellectual property, and we could suffer significant audit, litigation or licensing expenses, incur liabilities associated with indemnification obligations to customers, experience disruptions in the supply for components of our product or related services, or be prevented from selling our product or components of our product.

•

We may be subject to claims that our employees have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of their former employers.

•

It is difficult and costly to protect our intellectual property and our proprietary technologies and we may not be able to ensure their protection.

Risks related to the regulation of our products and business

•

Modifications, upgrades, new indications and future products related to our products may require new FDA 510(k) clearances or premarket approvals and similar licensing or approvals in international markets.

•

We are subject to federal, state and foreign laws and regulations applicable to our operations, the violation of which could result in substantial penalties and harm our business.

•

If we or our distributors do not obtain and maintain the necessary regulatory approvals in a specific country, we will not be able to market and sell our products in that country.

•

Healthcare reform legislation could adversely affect demand for our products, our revenue and our financial condition.

Risks related to our common stock

•

The price of our common stock is volatile and may continue to fluctuate significantly, which could lead to losses for stockholders.

•

Future issuances of shares of our common stock could dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders.

•

The conditional conversion features of the Notes, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

•

Provisions in the indenture for the Notes, the credit agreement for our Credit Facility, our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws could discourage or prevent a takeover, even if an acquisition would be beneficial in the opinion of our stockholders.

General Risks

•

Our operations are vulnerable to interruption or loss because of natural disasters, global or regional health pandemics or epidemics, terrorist acts and other events beyond our control.

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Risk Factors

We operate in a rapidly changing environment that involves significant risks, a number of which are beyond our control. In addition to the other information contained in this Form 10‑Q, the following discussion highlights some of these risks and the possible impact of these factors on our business, financial condition and future results of operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely impacted, causing the trading price of our common stock to decline. In addition, these risks and uncertainties may impact the “forward‑looking” statements described elsewhere in this Form 10‑Q and in the documents incorporated herein by reference. They could affect our actual results of operations, causing them to differ materially from those expressed in “forward‑looking” statements.

Risks Related to Our Business and Results of Operations

We face risks related to the current global economic environment, including risks arising in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation or recession, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations by, among other things, delaying or preventing our customers from obtaining financing to purchase our products and services or implementing the required facilities to house our systems.

Our business and results of operations are materially affected by conditions in the global markets and the economy generally. Concerns over economic and political stability; inflation levels and related efforts to mitigate inflation; a potential recession; the level of U.S. national debt; currency fluctuations and volatility; the rate of growth of Japan, China and other Asian economies; unemployment; the availability and cost of credit; trade relations, including the imposition of various sanctions and tariffs in Russia; the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic; energy costs; and geopolitical uncertainty and conflict have contributed to increased volatility and diminished expectations for the economy and the markets in general. In turn, periods of economic slowdown or recession could lead to a reduction in demand for our products and services, which in turn would reduce our revenues and adversely affect our results of operations and our financial position. Thus, if general macroeconomic conditions deteriorate, our business and financial results could be materially and adversely affected.

Further, the U.S. federal government has called for, or enacted, substantial changes to healthcare, trade, fiscal, and tax policies, which may include changes to existing trade agreements and may have a significant impact on our operations. For example, the United States has imposed tariffs on certain foreign products, including from China, that have resulted in and may result in future retaliatory tariffs on U.S. goods and products. We cannot predict whether these policies will continue, or if new policies will be enacted, or the impact, if any, that any policy changes could have on our business. If economic conditions worsen or new legislation is passed related to the healthcare system, trade, fiscal or tax policies, customer demand may not materialize to levels we require to achieve our anticipated financial results, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Additionally, uncertain credit markets and concerns regarding the availability of credit, including concerns related to the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation or a recession, could impact consumer and customer demand for our products and services, as well as our ability to manage normal commercial relationships with our customers, suppliers and creditors, including financial institutions. If the current situation deteriorates or does not improve, our business could be negatively affected by factors such as reduced demand for our products and services resulting from a slow‑down or volatility in the general economy, supplier or customer disruptions and/or temporary interruptions in our ability to conduct day‑to‑day transactions through our financial intermediaries involving the payment to or collection of funds from our customers, vendors and suppliers, and delays associated with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. For example, in the United States, some of our customers have been delayed in obtaining, or have not been able to obtain, necessary financing for their purchases of the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms. In addition, some of our customers have been delayed in obtaining, or have not been able to obtain, necessary financing for the construction or renovation of facilities to house the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms, the cost of which can be substantial. These delays have, in some instances, led to our customers postponing the shipment and installation of previously ordered systems or cancelling their system orders and may cause other customers to postpone their system installation or to cancel their agreements with us. An increase in delays and order cancellations of this nature would adversely affect our product sales, backlog and revenues, and therefore, harm our business and results of operations. In addition, the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic and other events that affect the global economy, has caused, and may continue to cause, uncertainty in the global markets. The risks related to the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed in more detail in our risk factor entitled “The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, or the perception of its effects, on our operations and the operations of our customers and suppliers, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.”

 

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, or the perception of its effects, as well as the responses of governments and private industry on our operations and the operations of our customers and suppliers, have and could continue to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Governments, public institutions, and other organizations have taken and are taking certain preventative or protective measures to combat the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. While we are unable to predict the full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, we are

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closely monitoring the trends in the COVID-19 pandemic and are continually assessing its current and potential effects on our business. For example, as a result of the recent COVID-19 related lockdowns in China, sales in China have decreased and we have experienced delays in the JV obtaining certain necessary regulatory approvals for a Class B device, which may continue if additional COVID-19 related lockdowns are initiated in the future. In addition, as a result of timing delays caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we have and are continuing to experience disruptions in our sales and revenue cycle as well as declines in deliveries and installations of our products, which has adversely impacted the pace at which our backlog converts to revenue. These timing delays have been a result of various factors driven by the COVID-19 pandemic, including disruptions in the operations of our customers that have redirected customer resources to the COVID-19 response and away from purchases of capital equipment such as our products, disruptions and restrictions on our ability to travel to customer sites, disruptions in our supply chain, and manufacturing interruptions. We have also experienced delays in payment and planned installations as a result of the changes to and redirection of customer resources to the response to the COVID-19 pandemic and closures of customer facilities. A few customers have also requested to extend payment terms or temporarily suspend service and corresponding payment obligations and while we have only received a small number of requests thus far, more customers may ask for the same, particularly if the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic worsen.

In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic and other factors continue to impact the global supply chain, causing disruptions to service providers, logistics and the flow and availability of supplies and products. In particular, we have experienced disruptions in parts of our supply chain that have resulted in delays in the receipt of certain components for our products that have also delayed shipments of our products as well as increased pricing pressure for such parts. These ongoing supply chain challenges and heightened logistics costs have affected our gross margins and net income (loss), and our current expectations are that gross margins and net income (loss) will continue to be adversely affected by increased material costs and freight and logistic expenses at least through the remainder of fiscal year 2023, if not longer. Furthermore, certain parts required for the manufacture and servicing of our products are scarce and becoming increasingly difficult to source, even at increased prices. If such parts become unavailable to us, we would not be able to manufacture or service our products, which would adversely impact revenue, gross margins, and net income (loss). Additionally, to protect the health and well-being of our employees, suppliers, and customers, we have also made modifications to employee travel and limited non-essential work travel, as well as implemented remote work arrangements. In addition, other impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have included and could include significant and unpredictable reductions in the demand for our products; a deepening of the changes to the operations and workflows of our customers that could result in increased customer defaults or delays in payment; additional delays, cancellations and redirection of planned capital expenditures and installations of our system by our customers to focus resources on COVID-19; a reduction or interruption in any of our manufacturing processes resulting in our inability to meet demand for our products or services; or closures of our key facilities or the facilities of our customers or suppliers. For example, cancellations of orders have increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, a lack of coordinated response on or compliance with risk mitigation with respect to the COVID-19 pandemic could result in significant increases to the duration and severity of the pandemic and could have a corresponding negative impact on our business.

In addition, there has been ongoing disruption and uncertainty in the economy related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including supply chain disruption, labor shortages and uncertainty in the financial markets, which has adversely impacted our revenue, net income (loss) and cash flow. We have also incurred additional expenses required to mitigate such impacts. These impacts could continue to affect our business as the COVID-19 pandemic progresses. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global financial markets may reduce our ability to access capital, which could negatively impact our short-term and long-term liquidity. In addition, the extent to which our operations and financial condition are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, including our ability to execute our business strategies and initiatives in the expected time frame, will largely depend on future developments that cannot be accurately predicted at this time and are uncertain, including the spread, severity and potential resurgence of COVID-19, the impact of new COVID-19 variants, vaccination deployment efforts, and how long the pandemic and associated health measures will last, among others. The situation continues to develop rapidly and additional impacts may arise that we are not aware of currently; however, the COVID-19 pandemic or the perception of its effects could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic and the various responses to it, may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks discussed in this “Risk Factors” section.

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If the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms do not achieve widespread market acceptance, we will not be able to generate the revenue necessary to support our business.

Achieving physician, patient, hospital administrator and third‑party payor acceptance of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms as preferred methods of tumor treatment is crucial to our continued success. Physicians will not begin to use or increase the use of the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms unless they determine, based on experience, clinical data and other factors, that the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms are safe and effective alternatives to traditional treatment methods. Further, physicians may be slow to adopt new or updated versions of our CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms because of the perceived liability risks arising from the use of new products and the uncertainty of reimbursement from third-party payors, particularly in light of ongoing health care reform initiatives and the evolving U.S. health care environment. If we are not able to expand market acceptance of our products and maintain and increase our base of installed systems, or installed base, then sales of our products may not meet expectations. Any failure to expand and protect our existing installed base could adversely affect our operating results.

We often need to educate physicians about the use of stereotactic radiosurgery, image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) and adaptive radiation therapy, convince healthcare payors that the benefits of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms and their related treatment processes outweigh their costs, and help train qualified physicians in the skilled use of these systems. In addition, we also must educate prospective customers regarding the entire functionality of our radiation therapy systems and their relative benefits compared to alternative products and treatment methods. We must also increase awareness among potential patients, who are increasingly educated about treatment options and therefore, impact adoption of new technologies by clinicians. We have expended and will continue to expend significant resources on marketing and educational efforts to create awareness of stereotactic radiosurgery and robotic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) as well as adaptive radiation therapy and IGRT generally and to encourage the acceptance and adoption of our products for these technologies. We cannot be sure that our products will gain significant market acceptance among physicians, patients and healthcare payors, even if we spend significant time and expense on their education.

In addition to achieving market acceptance of our products and the need to educate physicians and others about the benefits of our products, the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms are major capital purchases, and purchase decisions are greatly influenced by hospital administrators who are subject to increasing pressures to reduce costs. In addition, hospitals and other health professionals may reduce staffing and reduce or postpone meetings with potential suppliers in response to the spread of an infectious disease, such as COVID-19, effectively delaying the decision on potential purchases of new products such as ours. These and other factors, including the following, may affect the rate and level of market acceptance of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms:

•

the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms’ price relative to other products or competing treatments;

•

our ability to develop new products and enhancements and receive regulatory clearances and approval, if required, to such products in a timely manner;

•

increased scrutiny by state boards when evaluating certificates of need requested by purchasing institutions;

•

perception by patients, physicians and other members of the healthcare community of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms’ safety, efficacy, efficiency and benefits compared to competing technologies or treatments;

•

willingness of physicians to adopt new techniques and the ability of physicians to acquire the skills necessary to operate the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms;

•

extent of third‑party coverage and reimbursement rates, particularly from Medicare, for procedures using the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms; and

•

development of new products and technologies by our competitors or new treatment alternatives.

If the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms are unable to achieve or maintain market acceptance, new orders and sales of our systems would be adversely affected, our revenue levels would decrease and our business would be harmed.

Our ability to achieve profitability depends in part on maintaining or increasing our gross margins on product sales and services, which we may not be able to achieve.

As of December 31, 2022, we had an accumulated deficit of $500.2 million. We have incurred net losses, and may incur net losses in the future, particularly as selling and marketing activities increase ahead of any expected revenue. Our ability to achieve and sustain long‑term profitability is largely dependent on our ability to successfully market and sell the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms, control our costs, and effectively manage our growth. We cannot assure you that we will be able to achieve profitability and even if we

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do achieve profitability, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. In the event we fail to achieve profitability, our stock price could decline.

Our ability to achieve profitability also depends on our ability to maintain or increase our gross margins on product sales and services. A number of factors have adversely impacted or could impact gross margins, including:

•

lower than expected manufacturing yields of high cost components leading to increased manufacturing costs;

•

low production volume, which will result in high levels of overhead cost per unit of production;

•

lower selling pricing;

•

our ability to sell products and services, recognize revenue from our sales and the timing of revenue recognition and revenue deferrals;

•

increased labor costs or other costs as a result of increased inflation and supply chain constraints;

•

delays in receipt of or increased costs related to critical components parts, including as a result of supply chain disruptions;

•

increased inventory costs and liabilities for excess inventory resulting from inventory held in excess of forecasted demand;

•

increased service or warranty costs or the failure to reduce service or warranty costs;

•

increased price competition;

•

variation in the margins across products installed in a particular period;

•

changes to U.S. and foreign trade policies, including enactments of tariffs on goods imported into the U.S. and any retaliatory tariffs imposed by other countries on U.S. goods, including our products; and

•

how well we execute on our strategic and operating plans.

If we are unable to maintain or increase our gross margins on product sales and service, our results of operations could be adversely impacted, we may not achieve profitability and our stock price could decline.

We have outstanding indebtedness in the form of Convertible Senior Notes and a credit facility and may incur other debt in the future, which may adversely affect our financial condition and future financial results.

In May 2021, we issued $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 (the “Notes”). As our debt matures, we anticipate having to expend significant resources to either repay or refinance the Notes. For example, in May 2021, in connection with the issuance of the Notes, we (i) exchanged approximately $82.1 million aggregate principal amount of our previously issued 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 for approximately $97.1 million aggregate principal amount of the Notes and (ii) sold approximately $2.9 million aggregate principal amount of the Notes for cash. If we decide to, or are required to, refinance the Notes in the future, we may be required to do so on different or less favorable terms or we may be unable to refinance the Notes at all, both of which may adversely affect our financial condition.

In May 2021, we entered into a credit agreement that provided us with a five-year $80.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan Facility”) and $40.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and together with the “Term Loan Facility”, the “Credit Facilities”). The proceeds from the Credit Facilities, plus available cash on hand, were used to repay all outstanding borrowings under our prior credit facility.

As of December 31, 2022, we had total consolidated liabilities of approximately $417.0 million; including long-term liability of the Notes of $100.0 million, the Revolving Credit Facility of $10.0 million and the Term Loan Facility of $73.0 million, of which $5.7

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million is classified as short-term loan. Our existing and future levels of indebtedness could have important consequences to stockholders and note holders and may adversely affect our financial conditions and future financial results by, among other things:

•

affecting our ability to satisfy our obligations under the Notes and Credit Facilities;

•

requiring a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to be dedicated to interest and principal payments, which may not be available for operations, working capital, capital expenditures, expansion, acquisitions or general corporate or other purposes;

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impairing our ability to obtain additional financing in the future;

•

limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and industry; and

•

increasing our vulnerability to downturns in our business, our industry or the economy in general.

The credit agreement governing the Credit Facilities also include certain restrictive covenants that limit, among other things, our ability and our subsidiaries’ ability to (i) incur indebtedness, (ii) incur liens on their property, (iii) pay dividends or make other distributions, (iv) sell their assets, (v) make certain loans or investments, (vi) merge or consolidate, (vii) voluntarily repay or prepay certain indebtedness and (viii) enter into transactions with affiliates, in each case, subject to certain exceptions. In addition, such agreements require us to meet certain financial covenants, including a consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio and consolidated senior net leverage ratio, as defined in the credit agreement governing the Credit Facilities. In October 2022, we entered into the Amendment with respect of our Existing Credit Agreement to change the requirements of the financial maintenance covenants under the Existing Credit Agreement for the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2022 through the end of the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2023. However, following June 30, 2023, the covenants become more difficult to comply with. These restrictions could adversely affect our ability to finance our future operations or capital needs, withstand a future downturn in our business or the economy in general, engage in business activities, including future opportunities that may be in our interest, and plan for or react to market conditions or otherwise execute our business strategies. Our ability to comply with the covenants and other terms governing the Credit Facilities will depend in part on our future operating performance. If we fail to comply with such covenants and terms, we may be in default and the maturity of the related debt could be accelerated and become immediately due and payable. In addition, because substantially all of our assets are pledged as a security under the Credit Facilities, if we are not able to cure any default or repay outstanding borrowings, such assets are subject to the risk of foreclosure by our lenders. From time to time, we may not be in compliance with such covenants or other terms governing the Credit Facilities and we may be required to obtain waivers or amendments to the credit agreement from our lenders in order to maintain compliance and there can be no certainty that any such waiver or amendment will be available, or what the cost of such waiver or amendment, if obtained, would be. If we are unable to obtain necessary waivers and the debt under such credit facility is accelerated, we would be required to obtain replacement financing at prevailing market rates, which may not be favorable to us. Additionally, a default on indebtedness could result in a default under the terms of the indenture governing the Notes. There is no guarantee that we would be able to satisfy our obligations if any of our indebtedness is accelerated.

 

In addition, our debt obligations consist of a variety of financial instruments that expose us to interest rate risk, including, but not limited to the Credit Facilities and Notes. The interest rates on the Notes are fixed and the interest rate on the Credit Facilities are at variable rates, which are tied to a “prime rate” and the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"). As of December 31, 2022, borrowings under the Term Loan Facility totaled $73.0 million net of issuance cost with an annual interest rate of 3.0% plus 90-day SOFR, and borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility totaled $10.0 million with an annual interest rate of 3.0% plus 90-day SOFR. If the amount outstanding under the Credit Facilities remained at this level for the next 12 months and interest rates increased or decreased by 50 basis point change, our annual interest expense would increase or decrease, respectively, approximately $0.4 million.

Our operating results, including our cash flows, quarterly orders, revenues and margins fluctuate from quarter to quarter and may be unpredictable, which may result in a decline in our stock price.

We have experienced and expect in the future to experience fluctuations in our operating results, including gross orders, revenues and margins, from period to period. Drivers of orders include the introduction and timing of new product or product enhancement announcements by us and our competitors, the timing of regulatory approvals, changes in price by us and our competitors as well as changes or anticipated changes in third‑party reimbursement amounts or policies applicable to treatments using our products. The availability of economic stimulus packages or other government funding, or reductions thereof, may also affect timing of customer purchases. Our products have a high unit price and require significant capital expenditures by our customers. Accordingly, we experience long sales and implementation cycles, which is of greater concern during a volatile economic environment where we have had customers delay or cancel orders. The timing of when orders are placed, when installation, delivery or shipping, as applicable, is accomplished and when revenue is recognized affect our quarterly results. Further, because of the high unit price of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms and the relatively small number of units sold or installed each quarter, each sale or installation of a

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CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform can represent a significant percentage of our net orders, backlog or revenue for a particular quarter and shifts in sales or installation from one quarter to another may have significant effects. For example, multi-system sales or sales involving negotiations with integrated delivery networks involve additional complexities to the transaction and require a longer timeline to finalize the sale, which make it more difficult to predict the quarter in which the sale will occur. In addition, we have experienced and are continuing to experience delays in orders and installations due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic at our customer sites. To protect the health and well-being of our employees, suppliers, and customers, we have made modifications to employee travel and limited non-essential work travel. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted and may continue to impact our business operations, including our employees, customers and partners, and there is substantial uncertainty in the nature and degree of its continued effects over time.

Once orders are received and booked into backlog, there is a risk that we may not recognize revenue in the near term or at all. The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted the pace at which the backlog converts to revenue. This is primarily the result of delays in the timing of deliveries and installations in fiscal 2020, 2021, and 2022 caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in decreased revenue for these periods. We expect that such delays in deliveries and installations will continue to some degree through at least the remainder of fiscal year of 2023, which would have a negative impact on our revenue during such period. Factors that may affect whether these orders become revenue (or are cancelled or deemed aged‑out and reflected as a reduction in net orders) and the timing of revenue include:

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economic or political instability, including volatility related to the current global economic environment and the COVID-19 pandemic;

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delays in the customer obtaining or inability of a customer to obtain funding or financing;

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delays in construction at the customer site and delays in installation;

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delays in the customer obtaining or inability of such customer to obtain local or foreign regulatory approvals such as certificates of need in certain states or Class A or Class B user licenses in China;

•

the terms of the applicable sales and service contracts of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms; and

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the proportion of revenue attributable to orders placed by our distributors, which may be more difficult to forecast due to factors outside our control.

Our operating results may also be affected by a number of other factors, some of which are outside of our control, including:

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delays in business operations of our customers or vendors, construction at customer sites and installation, including such delays caused by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic or supply chain delays;

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timing and level of expenditures associated with new product development activities;

•

regulatory requirements in some states for a certificate of need prior to the installation of a radiation device or foreign regulatory approvals, such as Class A or Class B user licenses in China;

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•

delays in shipment due to, for example, unanticipated construction delays at customer locations where our products are to be installed, cancellations by customers, natural disasters, global or regional health pandemics or epidemics, or labor disturbances;

•

delays in our manufacturing processes or unexpected manufacturing difficulties, including due to supply chain and logistics challenges;

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the timing of the announcement, introduction and delivery of new products or product upgrades by us and by our competitors;

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timing and level of expenditures associated with expansion of sales and marketing activities such as trade shows and our overall operations;

•

the timing and level of expenditures associated with our financing activities;

•

the effects of foreign currency adjustments;

•

changes in accounting principles, such as those related to revenue recognition, or in the interpretation or the application thereof; and

•

fluctuations in our gross margins and the factors that contribute to such fluctuations, as described in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the risk factor entitled, “Our ability to achieve profitability depends in part on maintaining or increasing our gross margins on product sales and services, which we may not be able to achieve.”

Because many of our operating expenses are based on anticipated sales and a high percentage of these expenses are fixed for the short term, a small variation in the timing of revenue recognition can cause significant variations in operating results from quarter to quarter. If our financial results fall below the expectation of securities analysts and investors, the trading price of our common stock would almost certainly decline.
 

We report our orders and backlog on a quarterly and annual basis. Unlike revenues, orders and backlog are not defined by U.S. GAAP, and are not within the scope of the audit conducted by our independent registered public accounting firm. Also, for the reasons discussed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, our orders and backlog cannot necessarily be relied upon as accurate predictors of future revenues. Order cancellation or significant delays in installation date will reduce our backlog and future revenues, and we cannot predict if or when orders will mature into revenues. In addition, we have experienced an increase in cancellations beyond historical levels due to the uncertainties surrounding the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Particularly high levels of cancellations or age-outs in one or more periods may cause our revenue and gross margins to decline in current or future periods and will make it difficult to compare our operating results from quarter to quarter. We cannot assure you that our backlog will result in revenue on a timely basis or at all, or that any cancelled contracts will be replaced.
 

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Our industry is subject to intense competition and rapid technological change, which may result in products or new tumor treatments that are superior to the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms. If we are unable to anticipate or keep pace with changes in the marketplace and the direction of technological innovation and customer demands, our products may become obsolete or less useful and our operating results will suffer.

The medical device industry in general and the non‑invasive cancer treatment field in particular are subject to intense and increasing competition and rapidly evolving technologies. Because our products often have long development and government approval cycles, we must anticipate changes in the marketplace and the direction of technological innovation and customer demands. To compete successfully, we will need to continue to demonstrate the advantages of our products and technologies over well‑established alternative procedures, products and technologies, and convince physicians and other healthcare decision makers of the advantages of our products and technologies. Traditional surgery and other forms of minimally invasive procedures, brachytherapy, chemotherapy or other drugs remain alternatives to the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms.

We consider the competition for the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms to be existing radiation therapy systems, primarily using C‑arm linacs, which are sold by large, well‑capitalized companies with significantly greater market share and resources than we have. Several of these competitors are also able to leverage their fixed sales, service and other costs over multiple products or product lines. In particular, we compete with a number of existing radiation therapy equipment companies, including Varian, a Siemens Healthineers company, Elekta AB (“Elekta”), ViewRay, Inc., RefleXion Medical Inc. and Zap Surgical Systems. Varian has been the leader in the external beam radiation therapy market for many years and has the majority market share for radiation therapy systems worldwide. In general, because of aging demographics and attractive market factors in oncology, we believe that new competitors will enter the radiosurgery and radiation therapy markets in the years ahead. In addition, some manufacturers of conventional linac based radiation therapy systems, including Varian and Elekta, have products that can be used in combination with body and/or head frames and image guidance systems to perform both radiosurgical and radiotherapy procedures. In May 2017, Varian launched a radiation therapy product called Halcyon which they have positioned against our TomoTherapy platform. Additionally, in September 2019, Varian introduced a related device called Ethos, designed to allow on-couch adaptation and treatment monitoring.

Furthermore, many government, academic and business entities are investing substantial resources in research and development of cancer treatments, including surgical approaches, radiation treatment, MRI‑guided radiotherapy systems, proton therapy systems, drug treatment, gene therapy (which is the treatment of disease by replacing, manipulating, or supplementing nonfunctional genes) and other approaches. Successful developments that result in new approaches for the treatment of cancer could reduce the attractiveness of our products or render them obsolete.

Our future success will depend in large part on our ability to establish and maintain a competitive position in current and future technologies. Rapid technological development may render the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms and their technologies obsolete. Many of our competitors have or may have greater corporate, financial, operational, sales and marketing resources, and more experience and resources in research and development than we have. We cannot assure you that our competitors will not succeed in developing or marketing technologies or products that are more effective or commercially attractive than our products or that would render our technologies and products obsolete or less useful. We may not have the financial resources, technical expertise, marketing, distribution or support capabilities to compete successfully in the future. In addition, some of our competitors may compete by changing their pricing model or by lowering the price of their products. If we are unable to maintain or increase our selling prices, our revenue and gross margins may suffer. Our success will depend in large part on our ability to maintain a competitive position with our technologies.

In addition to competition from technologies performing similar functions as our platforms, competition also exists for the limited capital expenditure budgets of our customers. For example, our platforms may compete with other equipment required by a radiation therapy department for financing under the same capital expenditure budget, which is typically limited. A purchaser, such as a hospital or cancer treatment center, may be required to select between the two items of capital equipment. Our ability to compete may also be adversely affected when purchase decisions are based solely upon price, since our products are premium‑priced systems due to their higher level of functionality and performance.

 

We are subject to risks arising from our international operations, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We derive a majority of our revenue from our international operations, and we plan to continue expanding our business in international markets in the future. In addition, we have employees engaged in R&D, manufacturing, administration, manufacturing, support and sales and marketing activities.

•

As a result of our international operations, in addition to similar risks we face in our U.S. operations, we are affected by economic, business, regulatory, social, and political conditions in foreign countries, including the following: economic or

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political instability in the world or in particular regions or countries in which we do business, including the market volatility resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and conflicts or war, such as the war in Ukraine;

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economic or political instability in the world or in particular regions or countries in which we do business;

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import delays;

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changes in foreign laws and regulations governing, among other matters, the clearance, approval and sales of medical devices;

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compliance with differing foreign regulatory requirements to sell and market our products;

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longer payment cycles associated with many customers outside the United States;

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inability of customers to obtain requisite government approvals, such as customers in China, including customers of the JV, obtaining one of the limited number of Class A or Class B user licenses available in order to purchase our products;

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effective compliance with privacy, data protection and information security laws, such as the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (the “GDPR”) and new regulations in China;

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adequate coverage and reimbursement for the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platform treatment procedures outside the United States;

•

failure of local laws to provide the same degree of protection against infringement of our intellectual property;

•

protectionist laws and business practices that favor local competitors;

•

U.S. trade and economic sanctions policies that are in effect from time to time and the possibility that foreign countries may impose additional taxes, tariffs or other restrictions on foreign trade;

•

trade restrictions that are in effect from time to time, including U.S. prohibitions and restrictions on exports of certain products and technologies to certain nations and customers;

•

the unfamiliarity of shipping companies and other logistics providers with U.S. export control laws, which may lead to their unwillingness to ship or delays in shipping, our products to certain nations and customers despite such shipments being permitted under such laws;

•

U.S. relations with the governments of the foreign countries in which we operate;

•

the inability to obtain required export or import licenses or approvals;

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risks relating to foreign currency, including fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates possibly causing fewer sales due to the strengthening of the U.S. Dollar;

•

effects of and uncertainties caused by the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union;

•

contractual provisions governed by foreign laws; and

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natural disasters, such as earthquakes and fires, and global or regional health pandemics or epidemics, such as COVID-19 or data privacy or security incidents, that may have a disproportionate effect in certain geographies resulting in decreased demand or decreased ability of our employees or employees of our customers and partners to work and travel.

Our inability to overcome these obstacles could harm our business, financial condition and operating results. Even if we are successful in managing these obstacles, our partners internationally are subject to these same risks and may not be able to manage these obstacles effectively.

In addition, our partners internationally are subject to these same risks. If we or our partners are impacted by any of these factors, our business, financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected.

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Enhanced international tariffs, including tariffs imposed by the United States and China that affect our products or components within our products, other trade barriers or a global trade war could increase our costs and materially and adversely affect our business operations and financial condition.

Our global business could be negatively affected by trade barriers and other governmental protectionist measures, any of which can be imposed suddenly and unpredictably. For example, following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the United States and other countries imposed economic sanctions and severe export control restrictions against Russia and Belarus, and the United States and other countries could impose wider sanctions and export restrictions and take other actions should the conflict further escalate. Any exports or sales of our products into Russia and Belarus may be impacted by these restrictions. The military conflict in Ukraine has also led to an unprecedented expansion of sanction programs imposed against Russia by the United States, Canada, the EU, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and Japan, among others, that in relevant part, impose sanctions against some of the largest state-owned and private Russian financial institutions (and their subsequent removal from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (“SWIFT”) payment system) and certain Russian businesses, some of which have significant financial and trade ties to the EU, making it increasingly difficult to transfer money from Russia to other countries. In response to new international sanctions, and as part of measures to stabilize and support the volatile Russian financial and currency markets, the Russian authorities imposed significant currency control measures aimed at restricting the outflow of foreign currency and capital from Russia, imposed various restrictions on transacting with non-Russian parties, banned exports of various products and imposed other economic and financial restrictions. If we are unable to receive payment from customers in Russia or transfer money outside of Russia, it could affect our ability to convert backlog from that region into revenue. The situation is still evolving, and the United States, the EU, the United Kingdom and other countries may implement additional sanctions, export controls or other measures against Russia and other countries, regions, officials, individuals or industries in the respective territories. Such sanctions and measures, as well as existing and potential further responses from Russia or other countries, could adversely affect the global economy and financial markets, as well as our business, financial condition and results of operations, which may also magnify the impact of other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section.

There is also currently significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the U.S. and various other countries, most significantly China, with respect to trade policies, treaties, government regulations and tariffs. Since the beginning of 2018, there has been legislative or executive action, from U.S. and foreign leaders regarding instituting tariffs against foreign imports of certain materials. During the last half of calendar year 2018, the federal government imposed a series of tariffs ranging from 10% to 25% on a variety of imports from China. These tariffs affect certain components, including the linear accelerator for our CyberKnife platforms, which we manufacture in China and import into the U.S., as well as other components that we import into the U.S. from our suppliers. China has responded to these tariffs with retaliatory tariffs ranging from 5% to 25% on a wide range of products from the U.S., which include certain of our products. Although the U.S. and China signed an initial trade deal in January 2020 and China announced a one year tariff exemption for medical linear accelerators in September 2019 (which was further extended through May 31, 2022 and we have submitted documentation in support of a longer-term extension), there has been a change in the U.S. presidential administration and, for that, and other reasons, there is no assurance that the trade deal will be signed or that the exemption on medical linear accelerators will continue or that we will continue to qualify for such exemption. If these tariffs continue, if additional tariffs are placed on certain of our components or products, or if any related counter-measures are taken by China, the U.S. or other countries, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially harmed. The imposition of tariffs could also increase our costs and require us to raise prices on our products, which may negatively impact the demand for our products in the affected market. If we are not successful in offsetting the impact of any such tariffs, our revenue, gross margins and operating results may be adversely affected.

These tariffs are subject to a number of uncertainties as they are implemented, including future adjustments and changes. The ultimate reaction of other countries and the impact of these tariffs or other actions on the U.S., the global economy and our business, financial condition and results of operations, cannot be predicted at this time, nor can we predict the impact of any other developments with respect to global trade. Further, the imposition of additional tariffs by the U.S. could result in the adoption of additional tariffs by other countries, as well as further retaliatory actions by any affected country. Any resulting trade war could negatively impact the global market for medical devices, including radiation therapy devices, and could have a significant adverse effect on our business. These developments may have a material adverse effect on global economic conditions and the stability of global financial markets, and they may significantly reduce global trade. Any of these factors could depress economic activity, restrict our access to customers and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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If we encounter manufacturing problems, or if our manufacturing facilities do not continue to meet federal, state or foreign manufacturing standards, we may be required to temporarily cease all or part of our manufacturing operations, which would result in delays and lost revenue.

The CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms are complex and require the integration of a number of components from several sources of supply. We must manufacture and assemble these complex systems in commercial quantities in compliance with regulatory requirements and at an acceptable cost. Our linear accelerator components are extremely complex devices and require significant expertise to manufacture, and we may encounter difficulties in scaling up production of the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms, including problems with quality control and assurance, component supply shortages, increased costs, shortages of qualified personnel, the long lead time required to develop additional radiation shielded facilities for purposes of testing our products and/or difficulties associated with compliance with local, state, federal and foreign regulatory requirements. In addition, the macroeconomic environment and the COVID-19 pandemic has and may continue to impact the supply of key components such that we may not receive them in a timely manner, in sufficient quantities, or at a reasonable cost. We may also experience limitations in the availability of qualified personnel as a result of shelter-in-place rules, quarantine requirements, or illness. If component supply or our manufacturing capacity does not keep pace with demand, we will not be able to fulfill product orders or service our products in a timely manner, which in turn may have a negative effect on our financial results and overall business. Conversely, if demand for our products decreases, the fixed costs associated with excess manufacturing capacity may adversely affect our financial results.

Our manufacturing processes and the manufacturing processes of our third‑party suppliers are required to comply with the FDA’s Quality System Regulations (“QSR”) for any products imported into, or sold within, the U.S. The QSR is a complex regulatory scheme that covers the methods and documentation of the design, testing, production process and controls, manufacturing, labeling, quality assurance, packaging, storage and shipping of our products. Furthermore, we are required to verify that our suppliers maintain facilities, procedures and operations that comply with our quality requirements. We are also subject to state licensing and other requirements and licenses applicable to manufacturers of medical devices, and we are required to comply with International Organization for Standardization (“ISO”), quality system standards in order to produce products for sale in Europe and Canada, as well as various other foreign laws and regulations. Because our manufacturing processes include the production of diagnostic and therapeutic X‑ray equipment and laser equipment, we are subject to the electronic product radiation control provisions of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, which requires that we file reports with the FDA, applicable states and our customers regarding the distribution, manufacturing and installation of these types of equipment. The FDA enforces the QSR and the electronic product radiation control provisions through periodic inspections, some of which may be unannounced. We have been and anticipate in the future being subject to such inspections. FDA inspections usually occur every two to three years. During such inspections, the FDA may issue Inspectional Observations on Form FDA 483, listing instances where the manufacturer has failed to comply with applicable regulations and procedures, or warning letters.

If a manufacturer does not adequately address the observations, the FDA may take enforcement action against the manufacturer, including the imposition of fines, restriction of the ability to export product, total shutdown of production facilities and criminal prosecution. If we or a third‑party supplier receive a Form FDA 483 with material or major observations that are not promptly corrected, fail to pass a QSR inspection, or fail to comply with these, ISO and other applicable regulatory requirements, our operations could be disrupted and our ability to generate sales could be delayed. Our failure to take prompt and satisfactory corrective action in response to an adverse inspection or our failure to comply with applicable standards could result in enforcement actions, including a public warning letter, a shutdown of our manufacturing operations, a recall of our products, civil or criminal penalties, or other sanctions, which would cause our sales and business to suffer. In addition, because some foreign regulatory approvals are based on approvals or clearances from the FDA, any failure to comply with FDA requirements may also disrupt our sales of products in other countries. We cannot assure you that the FDA or other governmental authorities would agree with our interpretation of applicable regulatory requirements or that we or our third‑party suppliers have in all instances fully complied with all applicable requirements. If any of these events occur, our reputation could be harmed, we could lose customers and there could be a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we cannot achieve the required level and quality of production, we may need to outsource production or rely on licensing and other arrangements with third parties who possess sufficient manufacturing facilities and capabilities in compliance with regulatory requirements. Even if we could outsource needed production or enter into licensing or other third‑party arrangements, this could reduce our gross margin and expose us to the risks inherent in relying on others. We also cannot assure you that our suppliers will deliver an adequate supply of required components on a timely basis or that they will adequately comply with the QSR. Failure to obtain these components on a timely basis would disrupt our manufacturing processes and increase our costs, which would harm our operating results.

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If we are unable to develop new products or enhance existing products to meet our customers’ needs and compete favorably in the market, we may be unable to attract or retain customers.

Our success depends on the successful development, regulatory clearance or approval, introduction and commercialization of new generations of products, treatment systems, and enhancements to and/or simplification of existing products that will meet our customers’ needs provide novel features and compete favorably in the market. The CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms, which are currently our principal products, are technologically complex and must keep pace with, among other things, the products of our competitors and new technologies. We are making significant investments in long‑term growth initiatives. Such initiatives require significant capital commitments, involvement of senior management and other investments on our part, which we may be unable to recover. Our timeline for the development of new products or enhancements may not be achieved and price and profitability targets may not prove feasible. Commercialization of new products may prove challenging, and we may be required to invest more time and money than expected to successfully introduce them. Once introduced, new products may adversely impact orders and sales of our existing products or make them less desirable or even obsolete. Compliance with regulations, competitive alternatives, and shifting market preferences may also impact the successful implementation of new products or enhancements. Our inability to develop, gain regulatory approval for or supply competitive products to the market as quickly and effectively as our competitors could limit market acceptance of our products and reduce our sales.

Our ability to successfully develop and introduce new products, treatment systems and product enhancements and simplifications, and the revenues and costs associated with these efforts, will be affected by our ability to:

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properly identify and address customer needs;

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prove feasibility of new products in a timely manner;

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educate physicians about the use of new products and procedures;

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comply with internal quality assurance systems and processes timely and efficiently;

•

manage the timing and cost of obtaining regulatory approvals or clearances;

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accurately predict and control costs associated with inventory overruns caused by phase‑in of new products and phase‑out of old products;

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price new products competitively;

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manufacture and deliver our products in sufficient volumes on time and accurately predict and control costs associated with manufacturing, installation, warranty and maintenance of the products;

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meet our product development plan and launch timelines;

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enter into collaborations with third parties. For example, a key component of our research and development program is our collaboration with research programs at selected hospitals, cancer treatment centers, academic institutions and research institutions worldwide;

•

improve manufacturing yields of components; and

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manage customer demands for retrofits of both old and new products.

Even if customers accept new products or product enhancements, the revenues from these products may not be sufficient to offset the significant costs associated with making them available to customers.

We cannot be sure that we will be able to successfully develop, obtain regulatory approval or clearance for, manufacture or introduce new products, treatment systems or enhancements, the roll‑out of which involves compliance with complex quality assurance processes, including QSR. Failure to obtain regulatory approval or clearance for our products or to complete these processes in a timely and efficient manner could result in delays that could affect our ability to attract and retain customers, or could cause customers to delay or cancel orders, causing our backlog, revenues and operating results to suffer.

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If we do not effectively manage our growth, our business may be significantly harmed.

In order to implement our business strategy, we expect continued growth in our infrastructure requirements, particularly as we expand into new and growing markets as well as expand our manufacturing capacities and sales and marketing capabilities. To manage our growth, we must expand our facilities, augment our management, operational and financial systems, hire and train additional qualified personnel, scale‑up our manufacturing capacity and expand our marketing and distribution capabilities, all of which will be more difficult to accomplish the longer that our employees must work remotely from home. Our manufacturing, assembly and installation process is complex and occurs over many months and we must effectively scale this entire process to satisfy customer expectations and changes in demand. Further, to accommodate our growth and compete effectively, we will be required to make improvements to our business operations. We cannot be certain that our personnel, systems, procedures and internal controls will be adequate to support our future operations and any expansion of our systems and infrastructure may require us to commit significant additional financial, operational and management resources. If we cannot manage our growth effectively, our business will suffer.

We could become subject to product liability claims, product recalls, other field actions and warranty claims that could be expensive, divert management’s attention and harm our business.

Our business exposes us to potential liability risks that are inherent in the manufacturing, marketing, sale, installation, servicing, and support of medical device products. We may be held liable if one of our CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms or our Precision Treatment Planning with iDMS Data Management System software causes or contributes to injury or death or is found otherwise unsuitable during usage. Our products incorporate sophisticated components and computer software. Complex software can contain errors, particularly when first introduced. In addition, new products or enhancements may contain undetected errors or performance problems that, despite testing, are discovered only after installation. Because our products are designed to be used to perform complex surgical and therapeutic procedures involving delivery of radiation to the body, defects, even if small, could result in a number of complications, some of which could be serious and could harm or kill patients. Any alleged weaknesses in physician training and services associated with our products may result in unsatisfactory patient outcomes and product liability lawsuits. It is also possible that defects in the design, manufacture or labeling of our products might necessitate a product recall or other field corrective action, which may result in warranty claims beyond our expectations and may harm our reputation and create adverse publicity. A product liability claim, regardless of its merit or eventual outcome, could result in significant legal defense costs that may not be covered by insurance and be time-consuming to defend. We may also be subject to claims for personal injury, property damage or economic loss related to, or resulting from, any errors or defects in our products, or the installation, servicing and support of our products, or any professional services rendered in conjunction with our products. Adverse publicity related to any product liability actions may cause patients to be less receptive to radiation therapy generally or our products specifically and could also result in additional regulation that could adversely affect our ability to promote, manufacture and sell our products. The coverage limits of our insurance policies may not be adequate to cover future claims. If sales of our products increase or we suffer future product liability claims, we may be unable to maintain product liability insurance in the future at satisfactory rates or with adequate amounts of coverage. A product liability claim, any product recalls or other field actions or excessive warranty claims, whether arising from defects in design or manufacture or labeling, could negatively affect our sales or require a change in the design, manufacturing process or the indications for which our systems or software may be used, any of which could harm our reputation and business and result in a decline in revenue.

In addition, if a product we designed or manufactured is defective, whether because of design or manufacturing, supplied parts, or labeling defects, improper use of the product or other reasons, we may be required to notify regulatory authorities and/or to recall the product, possibly at our expense. We have voluntarily initiated recalls and other product corrections in the past. For example, although we have not initiated any product recalls that were reportable to the reportable to the FDA to date in fiscal year 2023, in fiscal year 2021, we voluntarily initiated one recall related to the TomoTherapy platform and one recall on the CyberKnife platform, both of which were reported to the FDA. We are committed to the safety and precision of our products and while no serious adverse health consequences have been reported in connection with these recalls and the costs associated with each such recall were not material, we cannot ensure that the FDA will not require that we take additional actions to address problems that resulted in previous recalls or that similar or more significant product recalls will not occur in the future. A required notification of a correction or removal to a regulatory authority or recall could result in an investigation by regulatory authorities of our products, which could in turn result in required recalls, restrictions on the sale of the products or other civil or criminal penalties. The adverse publicity resulting from any of these actions could cause customers to review and potentially terminate their relationships with us. These investigations, corrections or recalls, especially if accompanied by unfavorable publicity, patient injury or termination of customer contracts, could result in incurring substantial costs, losing revenues and damaging our reputation, each of which would harm our business.

Our reliance on single‑source suppliers for critical components of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms could harm our ability to meet demand for our products in a timely and cost effective manner.

We currently depend on single source suppliers for some of the critical components necessary to assemble the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms, including, with respect to the CyberKnife platform, the robot, couch and magnetron and, with respect to the TomoTherapy platforms, the couch, solid state modulator and magnetron. In addition, as a result of global supply chain disruptions, we have experienced and continue to experience disruptions in parts of our supply chain, which has caused delays in the receipt of certain component parts for our products and increased pricing pressure for such parts, including with respect to parts purchased from our

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single-source suppliers, adversely affecting our gross margins in the near term, and increasing the risk that these supply chain disruptions could materially affect our ability to meet customer demand. Furthermore, as a result of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated supply chain challenges, some of our suppliers have limited or reduced the sale of such components to us or increased the cost of certain components to us. If these conditions worsen, or if these suppliers were to experience financial difficulties, additional supply chain or other problems that prevents them from supplying us with the necessary components, we could fail to meet product demand, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. These sole source and other suppliers could also be subject to quality and performance issues, materials shortages, excess demand, reduction in capacity and other factors that may disrupt the flow of goods to us; thereby adversely affecting our business and customer relationships. If any single‑source supplier was to cease delivering components to us or fail to provide the components to our specifications and on a timely basis, we might be required to find alternative sources for these components. The disruption or termination of the supply of components, including as a result of global shortages in important components, have resulted in, and will continue to cause inflationary pressure on our supply chain and could cause a significant increase in the costs of these components, which could affect our results of operations. In some cases, alternative suppliers may be located in the same geographic area as existing suppliers, and are thus subject to the same economic, political and geographic factors that may affect existing suppliers to meet our demand. We may have difficulty or be unable to find alternative sources for these components. Difficulties in obtaining a sufficient supply of component materials continue to increase, and we expect such difficulties to persist at least through the remainder of fiscal year of 2023, if not longer. As a result, we may be unable to meet the demand for the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms, which could harm our ability to generate revenue and damage our reputation. Even if we do find alternate suppliers, we will be required to qualify any such alternate suppliers and we would likely experience a lengthy delay in our manufacturing processes or a cessation in production, which would result in delays of shipment to end users. We cannot assure you that our single‑source suppliers will be able or willing to meet our future demands.

We generally do not maintain large volumes of inventory, which makes us even more susceptible to harm if a single source supplier fails to deliver components on a timely basis, and maintaining our historical levels of inventory has been adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and macroeconomic environment. Furthermore, if we are required to change the manufacturer of a critical component of the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms, we will be required to verify that the new manufacturer maintains facilities, procedures and operations that comply with our quality and applicable regulatory requirements and guidelines, which could further impede our ability to manufacture our products in a timely manner. If the change in manufacturer results in a significant change to the product, a new 510(k) clearance would be necessary, which would likely cause substantial delays. The disruption or termination of the supply of key components for the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms could harm our ability to manufacture our products in a timely manner or within budget, harm our ability to generate revenue, lead to customer dissatisfaction and adversely affect our reputation and results of operations.

Failures of components also affect the reliability and performance of our products, can reduce customer confidence in our products, and may adversely affect our financial performance. From time to time, we may receive components that do not perform according to their specifications, which could result in the inability of such customer utilize our systems in their practices until such components are replaced. Any future difficulty in obtaining reliable component parts could result in increased customer dissatisfaction and adversely affect our reputation, our ability to protect and retain our installed base of customers and results of operations.

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The inflationary environment could materially adversely impact our business and results of operations.

Our operating results could be materially impacted by changes in the overall macroeconomic environment and other economic factors that impact customer confidence and spending, including capital spending. Changes in economic conditions, supply chain constraints, logistics challenges, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and steps taken by governments and central banks, particularly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as other stimulus and spending programs, have led to higher inflation, which has led to an increase in costs, including increased freight costs and logistics expenses. In an inflationary environment, we may be unable to raise the prices of our products and services sufficiently to keep up with the rate of inflation. Impacts from inflationary pressures could be more pronounced and materially adversely impact aspects of our business where revenue streams and cost commitments are linked to contractual agreements that extend many years into the future, as we may not be able to quickly or easily adjust pricing, reduce costs, or implement counter measures.

We depend on key employees, the loss of whom would adversely affect our business. If we fail to attract and retain employees with the expertise required for our business, we may be unable to continue to grow our business.

We are highly dependent on the members of our senior management, sales, marketing, operations and research and development staff. Our future success will depend in part on our ability to retain our key employees and to identify, hire and retain additional personnel. Competition for qualified personnel in the medical device industry is intense and finding and retaining qualified personnel with experience in our industry is very difficult. We believe there are only a limited number of individuals with the requisite skills to serve in many of our key positions and we face significant competition for key personnel and other employees, particularly in the San Francisco Bay Area where our headquarters is located, from other medical equipment and software manufacturers, technology companies, universities and research institutions. As a result, we may not be able to retain our existing employees or hire new employees quickly enough to meet our needs. Moreover, we have in the past conducted reductions in force in order to optimize our organizational structure and reduce costs, and certain senior personnel have also departed for various reasons. For example, in December 2022, we reduced the global workforce by four and half percent. At the same time, we may face high turnover, requiring us to expend time and resources, including financial resources, to source, train and integrate new employees. The challenging markets in which we compete for talent may also require us to invest significant amounts of cash and equity to attract and retain employees. In addition, a significant portion of our compensation to our key employees is in the form of stock related grants. A prolonged depression in our stock price could make it difficult for us to retain our key and other employees and recruit additional qualified personnel and we may have to pay additional compensation to employees to incentivize them to join or stay with us. We do not maintain, and do not currently intend to obtain, key employee life insurance on any of our personnel. If we fail to hire and retain key personnel and other employees, we may be unable to continue to grow our business successfully.

Disruption of critical information technology systems, infrastructure and data or cyberattacks or other security breaches or incidents could harm our business and financial condition.

Information technology helps us operate more efficiently, interface with customers, maintain financial accuracy and efficiency and accurately produce our financial statements. If we do not allocate and effectively manage the resources necessary to build, sustain and secure the proper technology infrastructure, we could be subject to transaction errors, processing inefficiencies, the loss of customers, business disruptions or the loss, unavailability of or damage to data and intellectual property through a cyberattack (including ransomware and other attacks) or other security breach or incident. While management is committed to identifying and improving data security risks through oversight of data security by our Chief Information Security Officer and implementation of various technical safeguards, procedural requirements and policies, regardless of the resources we allocate and the effectiveness with which we manage them, we face a risk of cyberattacks and other security breaches and incidents. Any cyberattacks or other security breaches or incidents we suffer could expose us to a risk of lost or corrupted information, unavailability of information, unauthorized disclosure of information, claims, litigation and possible liability to employees, customers and others, and investigations and proceedings by regulatory authorities. Additionally, cyberattack activity may be heightened in connection with the military conflict in Ukraine. In addition to potential exposure to cyberattacks, security incidents, or other actions that may compromise the security of or interfere with the function of our products, defects or vulnerabilities in the software or systems of our third party vendors may expose failures in our internal controls and risk management processes, which may adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows and may also harm our reputation, brand, and customer relationships.

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If our data management systems or those of our third-party providers do not effectively collect, store, process and report relevant data for the operation of our business, whether due to equipment malfunction or constraints, software deficiencies, computer viruses, security breaches, cyberattacks, catastrophic events or human error, our ability to effectively plan, forecast and execute our business plan and comply with applicable laws and regulations will be impaired, perhaps materially. Any such impairment could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and the timeliness with which we internally and externally report our operating results. As a result, our information systems require an ongoing commitment of significant resources to maintain, protect, and enhance existing systems and develop new systems to keep pace with continuing changes in information processing technology, evolving legal and regulatory standards, the increasing need to protect patient and customer information, and the information technology needs associated with our changing products and services. There can be no assurance that our process of consolidating the number of systems we operate, upgrading and expanding our information systems capabilities, continuing our efforts to build security into the design of our products, protecting and enhancing our systems and developing new systems to keep pace with continuing changes in information processing technology will be successful or that additional systems issues will not arise in the future, or that we will not suffer from disruptions or other systems issues even if we devote substantial resources and personnel to these efforts.

In addition, privacy and security breaches and incidents arising from errors, malfeasance or misconduct by employees, contractors or others with permitted access to our systems may pose a risk that sensitive data, including individually identifiable data, may be exposed to unauthorized persons or to the public and may compromise our security systems. There can be no assurance that any efforts we make to prevent against such privacy or security breaches or incidents will prevent breakdowns or breaches or incidents in our systems or those of our third-party service providers that could adversely affect our business. Third parties may also attempt to fraudulently induce employees or customers into disclosing user names, passwords or other sensitive information, which may in turn be used to access our information technology systems. For example, our employees have received in the past and likely will continue to receive “phishing” e-mails attempting to induce them to divulge sensitive information. In addition, unauthorized persons may attempt to hack into our products or systems to obtain personal data relating to patients or employees, our confidential or proprietary information or confidential information we hold on behalf of third parties, which, if successful, could pose a risk of loss, unavailability, or corruption of, or unauthorized access to or acquisition of, data, risk to patient safety and risk of product recall. As the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access to our systems change frequently and may be difficult to detect, we may not be able to anticipate and prevent these intrusions or mitigate them when they occur. Third-party service providers store and otherwise process certain personal data and other confidential or proprietary information of ourselves and third parties on our behalf, and these service providers face similar risks. Moreover, we manufacture and sell hardware and software products that allow our customers to store confidential information about their patients. Both types of products are often connected to and reside within our customers’ information technology infrastructures. We do not have measures to configure or secure our customers’ equipment or any information stored in our customers’ systems or at their locations, which is the responsibility of our customers. Our customers are also continually updating their cybersecurity standards for the products that they purchase. While we have implemented security measures designed to protect our hardware and software products from unauthorized access and cyberattacks, these measures may not meet the standards set by our customers or be effective in securing these products, particularly since techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, or to sabotage systems, change frequently and may not be recognized until launched against a target. A network security or systems security breach of incident suffered by ourselves or our third-party service providers or other events that cause the loss or unauthorized use or disclosure of, or access by third parties to, sensitive information stored by us or our customers could result in loss, unavailability, or unauthorized acquisition, modification, or other processing of data, and any such events, or the perception that these events have occurred or that our security measures for our products are lacking, could have serious negative consequences for our business, including indemnity obligations, possible fines, penalties and damages, reduced demand for our products and services, an unwillingness of our customers to use our products or services, harm to our reputation and brand, and time consuming and expensive litigation, any of which could have an adverse effect on our financial results.

To date, we have not experienced any material impact to the business or operations resulting from data, cybersecurity attacks or other security breaches; however, because of the frequently changing attack techniques, along with the increased volume and sophistication of the attacks, including the increasing use of tools and techniques that are designed to circumvent controls, avoid detection, and remove or obfuscate forensic evidence, all of which hinders our ability to identify, investigate, and recover from incidents, there is the potential that we could be adversely impacted. This impact could result in reputational, competitive, operational, or other business harm as well as financial costs and regulatory action.

While we do maintain insurance coverage that is intended to address certain aspects of data security risks, such insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover all losses or all types of claims that may arise.

Any actual or perceived failure by us to comply with legal or regulatory requirements related to privacy, cybersecurity and data protection in one or multiple jurisdictions could result in proceedings, actions or penalties against us.

There are numerous state, federal and foreign laws, regulations, decisions and directives regarding privacy and the collection, storage, transmission, use, processing, disclosure and protection of personally identifiable information and other personal, customer or other data, the scope of which is continually evolving and subject to differing interpretations. Our worldwide operations mean that we are subject to privacy, cyber security and data protection laws and regulations in many jurisdictions to varying degrees, and that some of the data we process, store and transmit may be transmitted across countries. For example, in the U.S., Health Insurance Portability

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and Accountability Act (“HIPAA”) privacy and security rules require us as a business associate, in certain instances, to protect the confidentiality of patient health information, and the Federal Trade Commission has consumer protection authority, including regarding privacy and cyber security. In Europe, the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), which went into effect in May 2018, imposes several stringent requirements for controllers and processors of personal data that will increase our obligations and, in the event of violations, may impose significant fines of up to the greater of 4% of worldwide annual revenue or €20 million. In the UK, the Data Protection Act of 2018 and the UK GDPR collectively implement material provisions of the GDPR and provide for penalties for noncompliance of up to the greater of £17.5 million or four percent of worldwide revenues.

Data transfer and localization requirements also appear to be increasing and becoming more complex. With regard to transfers to the U.S. of personal data from our employees and European customers and users, both the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield and standard contractual clauses issued by the European Commission (the "EU SCCs") have been subject to legal challenge. In July 2020, the Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU”) released a decision in the Schrems II case (Data Protection Commissioner v. Facebook Ireland, Schrems) (the “CJEU Decision”), declaring the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield invalid and imposing additional obligations in connection with the use of the EU SCCs, another mechanism for cross-border personal data transfers from the European Economic Area (“EEA”). Although the EU SCCs remain a valid means to transfer personal data from the EEA, the CJEU imposed additional obligations in connection with their use and, on June 4, 2021, the European Commission issued revised EU SCCs that address certain concerns of the CJEU. The United Kingdom also has issued new standard contractual clauses (the "UK SCCs") that became effective March 21, 2022, and which, like the EU SCCs are required to be implemented. The CJEU Decision, the revised EU SCCs and UK SCCs, regulatory guidance and opinions, and other developments relating to cross-border data transfer may require us to implement additional contractual and technical safeguards for any personal data transferred out of the EEA, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom, which may increase compliance costs, lead to increased regulatory scrutiny or liability, may require additional contractual negotiations, and may adversely impact our business, financial condition and operating results.

Other jurisdictions have adopted laws and regulations addressing privacy, data protection, data security, or other aspects of data processing, such as data localization. For example, the People’s Republic of China ("PRC") and Russia have passed laws that require individually identifiable data on their citizens to be maintained on local servers and that may restrict transfer or processing of that data if certain data quantity thresholds are triggered. Additionally, the Personal Information Protection Law (“PIPL”) of the PRC, was adopted on August 20, 2021, and went into effect on November 1, 2021. The PIPL shares similarities with the GDPR, including extraterritorial application, data minimization, data localization, and purpose limitation requirements, and obligations to provide certain notices and rights to citizens of the PRC. The PIPL allows for fines of up to 50 million Renminbi or 5% of a covered company’s revenue in the prior year. We may be required to modify our policies, procedures, and data processing measures in order to address requirements under these or other privacy, data protection, or cyber security regimes, and may face claims, litigation, investigations, or other proceedings regarding them and may incur related liabilities, expenses, costs, and operational losses.

Further, the current U.S. administration is engaged in a comprehensive evaluation of national security concerns and other risks relating to the transfer of personally identifiable information from the United States to China, and on June 9, 2021, U.S. President Joseph Biden signed an executive order instituting a framework for determining national security risks of transactions that involve applications connected to governments or militaries of certain foreign adversaries or that collect sensitive personal data from U.S. consumers. In 2019, an executive order citing national security risks in the telecommunications sector served to block U.S. companies from buying Chinese-made Huawei and ZTE products. If our operations, including those involving the processing of U.S.-collected data such as medical imagery, through the JV in China, come to be perceived as a U.S. national security risk, those operations may become subject to executive orders, sanctions, or other measures. Any ban or other restriction on our transfer of data to the JV in China may increase costs as we seek operational and data processing alternatives.

New and proposed privacy, cybersecurity, and data protection laws are also providing new rights to individuals and increasing the penalties associated with non-compliance. For example, the California Consumer Privacy Act (the “CCPA”), which became effective on January 1, 2020, imposes stringent data privacy and data protection requirements regarding the personal information of California residents, and provides for penalties for noncompliance of up to $7,500 per violation, as well as a private right of action from individuals in relation to certain security breaches.

 

Additionally, a new privacy law, the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”), approved by California voters in November 2020, became effective on January 1, 2023. The CPRA, which significantly modifies the CCPA, has resulted in further uncertainty and may require us to incur additional costs and expenses in an effort to comply. We will continue to monitor developments related to the CPRA and anticipate additional costs and expenses associated with CPRA compliance. The enactment of the CCPA, as modified by the CPRA, is prompting a wave of similar legislative developments in other states in the U.S., which could potentially create a patchwork of overlapping but different state laws. For example, Virginia, Colorado, Utah, and Connecticut all have enacted state laws that have become, or will become, effective in 2023. These new state laws share similarities with the CCPA, CPRA, and legislation proposed in other states. Additionally, the U.S. federal government is contemplating privacy legislation. We cannot fully predict the impact of the CCPA, CPRA, or other new or proposed legislation on our business or operations, but the restrictions imposed by these laws and regulations may require us to modify our data handling practices and impose additional costs and burdens, including risks of regulatory fines, litigation and associated reputational harm. In addition, U.S. and international laws that have been applied to protect consumer privacy (including laws regarding unfair and deceptive practices in the U.S. and GDPR in the EU) may be subject to evolving

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interpretations or applications in light of privacy developments. As a result, we may be subject to significant consequences, including penalties and fines, for any failure to comply with such laws, regulations and directives.

Privacy, cyber security and data protection legislation around the world is comprehensive and complex and there has been a recent trend towards more stringent enforcement of requirements regarding protection and confidentiality of personal data. The restrictions imposed by such laws and regulations may limit the use and adoption of our products and services, reduce overall demand for our products and services, require us to modify our data handling practices and impose additional costs and burdens. With increasing enforcement of privacy, cyber security and data protection laws and regulations, there is no guarantee that we will not be subject to investigation, enforcement actions or other proceedings by governmental bodies or that our costs relating to privacy, data protection or cyber security laws and regulations will not increase significantly. Enforcement actions, investigations and other proceedings can be costly, require significant time and attention of management and other personnel and interrupt regular operations of our business. In addition, there has been a developing trend of civil lawsuits and class actions relating to breaches of consumer data held by large companies. While we have not been named in any such suits, we may be in the future, including if we were to suffer a security breach or incident. Any inability to adequately address concerns relating to privacy, data protection or cyber security, even if unfounded, or to comply with applicable laws, regulations, policies, industry standards, contractual obligations or other legal obligations could result in additional cost and liability to us, damage our reputation, inhibit sales and adversely affect our business. Our actual or alleged failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could result in investigation, enforcement actions or other proceedings against us, including fines and public censure, claims for damages by customers and other affected individuals, damage to our reputation and loss of goodwill (both in relation to existing customers and prospective customers), any of which could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

If third‑party payors do not provide sufficient coverage and reimbursement to healthcare providers for use of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms or if the number of patients covered by health insurance reduces, demand for our products and our revenue could be adversely affected.

Our customers rely significantly on reimbursement from public and private third-party payors for CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platform procedures. Our ability to commercialize our products successfully and increase market acceptance of our products will depend in significant part on the extent to which public and private third-party payors provide adequate coverage and reimbursement for procedures that are performed with our products and the extent to which patients that are treated by our products continue to be covered by health insurance. Third-party payors may establish or change the reimbursement for medical products and services that could significantly influence the purchase of medical products and services. In addition, actions by the government, downturns in the economy and other factors outside of our control could negatively affect the number of individuals covered by health insurance. For example, in connection with COVID-19-related layoffs in 2020 and 2021, many individuals lost their employer-covered health insurance. If reimbursement policies or other cost containment measures are instituted in a manner that significantly reduces the coverage or payment for the procedures that are performed with our products or if there is a prolonged reduction in the number of patients eligible to be treated by our products that are covered by health insurance, our revenue may decline, our existing customers may not continue using our products or may decrease their use of our products, and we may have difficulty obtaining new customers. Such actions would likely have a material adverse effect on our operating results.

In addition, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) reviews reimbursement rates annually and may implement significant changes in future years, which could discourage existing and potential customers from purchasing or using our products. Further, outside of the U.S., reimbursement practices vary significantly by country. Market acceptance of our products may depend on the availability and level of coverage and reimbursement in any country within a particular time.

The safety and efficacy of our products for certain uses is not yet supported by long‑term clinical data, and our products may therefore prove to be less safe and effective than initially thought.

Although we believe that the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms have advantages over competing products and technologies, we do not have sufficient clinical data demonstrating these advantages for all tumor indications. In addition, we have only limited five‑year patient survival rate data, which is a common long‑term measure of clinical effectiveness in cancer treatment. We also have limited clinical data directly comparing the effectiveness of the CyberKnife platform to other competing platforms. Future patient studies or clinical experience may indicate that treatment with the CyberKnife platform does not improve patient survival or outcomes.

Likewise, because the TomoTherapy platform have only been on the market since 2003, we have limited complication or patient survival rate data with respect to treatment using the systems. In addition, while the effectiveness of radiation therapy is well understood, there is a growing but still limited number of peer‑reviewed medical journal publications regarding the efficacy of highly conformal treatment such as that delivered by the TomoTherapy platform. If future patient studies or clinical experience do not support our beliefs that the TomoTherapy platform offer a more advantageous treatment for a wide variety of cancer types, use of the systems could fail to increase or could decrease, and our business would therefore be adversely affected.

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Such results could reduce the rate of reimbursement by both public and private third‑party payors for procedures that are performed with our products, slow the adoption of our products by physicians, significantly reduce our ability to achieve expected revenues and could prevent us from being profitable. In addition, if future results and experience indicate that our products cause unexpected or serious complications or other unforeseen negative effects, the FDA could rescind our clearances, our reputation with physicians, patients and others may suffer and we could be subject to significant legal liability.

We rely on third parties to perform shipping and logistics functions on our behalf. Failures or disruptions at our logistics providers has occurred and could continue to occur, which would adversely impact our business.

Customer service is a critical element of our sales strategy. Third party logistics providers store most of our spare parts inventory in depots around the world and perform a significant portion of our spare parts logistics and shipping activities. Our logistics providers may terminate their relationship with us, suffer an interruption in their business, including as a result of COVID-19, significantly increase fees for services or experience delays, disruptions or quality control problems in their operations, or we may have to change and qualify alternative logistics providers for our spare parts. For example, we have experienced and continued to experience delays in shipment of parts to customers as well as increased freight and logistics expenses, which has intensified as a result of macroeconomic factors and may also intensify if the COVID-19 pandemic continues to disrupt the global supply chain. These delays and increased costs have adversely affected our gross margins and net income (loss) and we currently expect such delays and increased costs to continue through at least the remainder of fiscal year 2023, if not longer. If this continues for longer than we expect or if any of the above occurs our customers may experience further delays and higher costs and our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations, including our ability to recognize revenue, may be adversely affected.

Third parties may claim we are infringing their intellectual property or that we are operating outside the scope of or violating a license or other agreement relating to their intellectual property, and we could suffer significant audit, litigation or licensing expenses, incur liabilities associated with indemnification obligations to customers, experience disruptions in the supply of components of our products or related services, or be prevented from selling our product or components of our product.

The medical device industry is characterized by a substantial amount of litigation over patent and other intellectual property rights. In particular, the field of radiation treatment of cancer is well established and crowded with the intellectual property of competitors and others. We also expect that other participants will enter the field. A number of companies in our market, as well as universities and research institutions, have issued patents and have filed patent applications that relate to the use of radiation therapy and stereotactic radiosurgery to treat cancerous and benign tumors.

Determining whether a product infringes a patent involves complex legal and factual issues, and the outcome of patent litigation actions is often uncertain. We have not conducted an extensive search of patents issued to third parties, and no assurance can be given that third‑party patents containing claims covering our products, parts of our products, technology or methods do not exist, have not been filed, or could not be filed or issued. Because of the number of patents issued and patent applications filed in our technical areas or fields, our competitors or other third parties may assert that our products and the methods we employ in the use of our products are covered by U.S. or foreign patents held by them.

In addition, because patent applications can take many years to issue and because publication schedules for pending applications vary by jurisdiction, there may be applications now pending of which we are unaware, and which may result in issued patents that our current or future products infringe. Also, because the claims of published patent applications can change between publication and patent grant, there may be published patent applications that may ultimately issue with claims that we infringe. There could also be existing patents that one or more of our products or parts may infringe and of which we are unaware. As the number of competitors in the market for less invasive cancer treatment alternatives grows, and as the number of patents issued in this area grows, the possibility of patent infringement claims against us increases. Regardless of the merit of infringement claims, they can be time‑consuming and result in costly litigation and diversion of technical and management personnel. Some of our competitors may be able to sustain the costs of complex patent litigation more effectively than we can because they have substantially greater resources. In addition, any uncertainties resulting from the initiation and continuation of any litigation could have a material adverse effect on our ability to raise funds, if necessary, to continue our operations.

Also, because we purchase major components and software for each of our products from third party suppliers and manufacturers, we face the additional risk that infringement claims may be brought against us based on patents and other intellectual property rights that are embodied or contained in, or practiced by, those components (including software components) that we obtain from third parties, and any such claims against us, such as by our direct and indirect suppliers, may additionally allege that we are operating outside the scope of or violating a license or other agreement relating to their intellectual property. These third party suppliers or manufacturers may terminate their licenses with us for a variety of reasons, including actual or perceived failures or breaches of contractual commitments, or they may choose not to renew their licenses with us. The loss of, or inability to obtain, certain third-party licenses or other rights, including the right to resell, or to obtain such licenses or rights on favorable terms, or the need to engage in litigation regarding these matters, could affect the operability or performance of our products until equivalent technology can be

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identified, licensed or developed, if at all, and integrated into our products, and it may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
 

In the event that we become subject to a patent infringement or other intellectual property lawsuit and if the relevant patents or other intellectual property were upheld as valid and enforceable and we were found to infringe or violate the terms of a license or other agreement to which we are a party, we could be subject to third-party audit, experience disruptions in the supply of third-party components or related services, or be prevented from selling our products (or components of our products) unless we obtain a license or are able to redesign the product to avoid infringement. Required licenses may not be made available to us on acceptable terms or at all. If we are unable to obtain a license or successfully redesign our system, we might be prevented from selling such system. If there is an allegation or determination that we have infringed the intellectual property rights of a competitor or other person, we may be required to pay damages, pay ongoing royalties or otherwise settle such matter upon terms that are unfavorable to us. In these circumstances, we may be unable to sell our products at competitive prices or at all, and our business and operating results could be harmed.
 

We may be subject to claims that our employees have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of their former employers.

As is common in the medical device industry, we employ individuals who were previously employed at other medical equipment or biotechnology companies, including our competitors or potential competitors. We may be subject to claims that we or those employees have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims. If we fail in defending any such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose valuable intellectual property rights or personnel. Even if we are successful in defending against claims of this nature, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management.

It is difficult and costly to protect our intellectual property and our proprietary technologies and we may not be able to ensure their protection.

Our success depends significantly on our ability to obtain, maintain and protect our proprietary rights to the technologies used in our products. Patents and other proprietary rights provide uncertain protections, and we may be unable to protect our intellectual property. For example, we may be unsuccessful in defending our patents and other proprietary rights against third‑party challenges. As key patents expire, our ability to prevent competitors from copying our technology may be limited. In addition, patent reform legislation or precedent could increase the uncertainties and costs surrounding the prosecution of our patent applications and the enforcement or defense of our issued patents.

In addition to patents, we rely on a combination of trade secrets, copyright and trademark laws, nondisclosure agreements and other contractual provisions and technical security measures to protect our intellectual property rights. These measures may not be adequate to safeguard the technology underlying our products, including in case of a security breach involving our intellectual property. If these measures do not protect our rights adequately, third parties could use our technology, and our ability to compete in the market would be reduced. Although we have attempted to obtain patent coverage for our technology where available and appropriate, there are aspects of the technology for which patent coverage was never sought or never received. There also may be countries in which we sell or intend to sell the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms but have no patents or pending patent applications. Our ability to prevent others from making or selling duplicate or similar technologies will be impaired in those countries in which we have no patent protection. Although we have several issued patents in the U.S. and in foreign countries protecting aspects of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms, our pending U.S. and foreign patent applications may not issue, may issue only with limited coverage or may issue and be subsequently successfully challenged by others and held invalid or unenforceable. In addition, many countries limit the enforceability of patents against certain third parties, including government agencies or government contractors. In these countries, patents may provide limited or no benefit. Patent protection must ultimately be sought on a country-by-country basis, which is an expensive and time consuming process with uncertain outcomes. Accordingly, we may choose not to seek patent protection in certain countries, and we will not have the benefit of patent protection in such countries.

Similarly, our issued patents and those of our licensors may not provide us with any competitive advantages. Competitors may be able to design around our patents or develop products which provide outcomes comparable or superior to ours. Our patents may be held invalid or unenforceable as a result of legal challenges by third parties, and others may challenge the inventorship or ownership of our patents and pending patent applications. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries, such as China where the JV operates, may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States and, even if they do, uneven enforcement and procedural barriers may exist in such countries. In the event a competitor or other third party infringes upon our patent or other intellectual property rights or otherwise misappropriates such rights, enforcing those rights may be difficult and time consuming. Even if successful, litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights or to defend our patents against challenge could be expensive and time consuming and could divert our management’s attention from our core business. Damage awards resulting from successful litigation in

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foreign jurisdictions may not be in amounts commensurate with damage awards in the U.S. We may not have sufficient resources to enforce our intellectual property rights or to defend our patents against a challenge. In addition, we may not prevail in any lawsuits that we initiate, and the damages or other remedies awarded, if any, may not be commercially valuable. Litigation also puts our patents at risk of being invalidated or interpreted narrowly and our patent applications at risk of not issuing. Additionally, we may provoke third parties to assert claims against us.

We also license patent and other proprietary rights to aspects of our technology to third parties in fields where we currently do not operate as well as in fields where we currently do operate. Disputes with our licensees may arise regarding the scope and content of these licenses. Further, our ability to expand into additional fields with our technologies may be restricted by our existing licenses or licenses we may grant to third parties in the future.

Additionally, we have written agreements with collaborators regarding the ownership of intellectual property arising from our collaborations. These agreements generally provide that we must negotiate certain commercial rights with collaborators with respect to joint inventions or inventions made by our collaborators that arise from the results of the collaboration. In some instances, there may not be adequate written provisions to address clearly the resolution of intellectual property rights that may arise from a collaboration. If we cannot successfully negotiate sufficient ownership and commercial rights to the inventions that result from our use of a third-party collaborator’s materials where required, or if disputes otherwise arise with respect to the intellectual property developed with the use of a collaborator’s technology, we may be limited in our ability to utilize these intellectual property rights. In addition, we may face claims by third parties that our agreements with employees, contractors or consultants obligating them to assign intellectual property to us are ineffective or in conflict with prior or competing contractual obligations of assignment, which could result in ownership disputes regarding intellectual property we have developed or will develop and interfere with our ability to capture the commercial value of such intellectual property. Litigation may be necessary to resolve an ownership dispute, and if we are not successful, we may be precluded from using certain intellectual property or may lose our exclusive rights in that intellectual property. Either outcome could harm our business.

The policies and procedures we have in place to protect our trade secrets may not be effective in preventing misappropriation of our trade secrets by others. In addition, confidentiality agreements executed by our employees, consultants and advisors may not be enforceable or may not provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets or other proprietary information in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure. Litigating a trade secret claim is expensive and time consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. In addition, courts outside the United States are sometimes less willing to protect trade secrets. Moreover, our competitors may independently develop equivalent knowledge methods and know‑how. If we are unable to protect our intellectual property rights, we may be unable to prevent competitors from using our own inventions and intellectual property to compete against us and our business may be harmed.

Unfavorable results of legal proceedings could materially and adversely affect our financial condition.

We are and may become a party to legal proceedings, claims, investigations, demands and other legal matters in the ordinary course of business or otherwise including intellectual property, product liability, employment, class action, whistleblower and other litigation claims, and governmental and other regulatory investigations and proceedings. These legal proceedings, claims and other legal matters, regardless of merit, may be costly, time‑consuming and require the attention of key management and other personnel. The outcomes of such matters are uncertain and difficult to predict. If any such matters are adjudicated against us, in whole or in part, we may be subject to substantial monetary damages, disgorgement of profits and injunctions that prevent us from operating our business, any of which could materially and adversely affect our business and financial condition. We cannot guarantee that our insurance coverage will be sufficient to cover any damages awarded against us. Further, legal proceedings, and any adverse resolution thereof, can result in adverse publicity and damage to our reputation, which could adversely impact our business.

Because the majority of our product revenue is derived from sales of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms, which have a long and variable sales and installation cycle, our revenues and cash flows may be volatile and difficult to predict.

Our primary products are the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms. We expect to generate substantially all of our revenue for the foreseeable future from sales of and service contracts for the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms. The CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms have lengthy sales and purchase order cycles because they are major capital equipment items and require the approval of senior management at purchasing institutions. In addition, sales to some of our customers are subject to competitive bidding or public tender processes. These approval and bidding processes can be lengthy. Selling our systems, from first contact with a potential customer to a complete order, generally spans six months to two years and involves personnel with multiple skills. The sales process in the U.S. typically begins with pre‑selling activity followed by sales presentations and other sales related activities. After the customer has expressed an intention to purchase a CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform, we negotiate and enter into a definitive purchase contract with the customer. The negotiation of terms that are not standard for Accuray may require additional time and approvals. Typically, following the execution of the contract, the customer begins the building or renovation of a radiation‑shielded facility to house the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform, which together with the subsequent installation of the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform, can take up to 24 months to complete. In order to construct this facility, the customer must typically obtain

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radiation device installation permits, which are granted by state and local government bodies, each of which may have different criteria for permit issuance. If a permit was denied for installation at a specific hospital or treatment center, our CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform could not be installed at that location. In addition, some of our customers are cancer centers or facilities that are new, and in these cases, it may be necessary for the entire facility to be completed before the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform can be installed, which can result in additional construction and installation delays. Our sales and installations of CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms tend to be heaviest during the third month of each fiscal quarter.

Under our revenue recognition policy, we recognize revenue attributable to a CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform and related upgrades when control of a platform or upgrade is transferred, which generally happens when a system or upgrade is shipped, while an element of installation is deferred until performed. Events beyond our control may delay shipment or installation and the satisfaction of contingencies required to receive cash inflows and recognition of revenue associated with shipment or installation. Such events may include a delay in the construction at the customer site or customer delay in obtaining receipt of regulatory approvals such as certificates of need. In addition, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the disruption to their operations, certain customers have experienced and may continue to experience delays in construction, shipment or installation and some have failed to timely pay their obligations when due. If the events which are beyond our control delay the customer from obtaining funding or financing of the entire transaction, we may not be able to recognize revenue for the sale of the entire system because the collectability of contract consideration is not reasonably assured.

The long sales cycle, together with delays in the shipment of CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms or customer cancellations that could affect our ability to recognize revenue, could adversely affect our cash flows and revenue, which would harm our results of operations and may result in significant fluctuations in our reporting of quarterly revenues. The Company’s historical experience indicates that some of its customers will cancel or renegotiate contracts as economic conditions change or when product offerings change during the long sales cycle. The Company anticipates a portion of its open contracts may never result in revenue recognition primarily due to the long sales cycle and factors outside of its control including changes in customers' needs or financial condition, changes in government or health insurance reimbursement policies or changes to regulatory requirements. As a result of these fluctuations, it is likely that in some future quarters, our operating results will fall below the expectations of securities analysts or investors. If that happens, the market price of our stock would likely decrease. These fluctuations also mean that you will not be able to rely upon our operating results in any particular period as an indication of future performance.

We depend on third‑party distributors to market and distribute our products in international markets. If our distributors fail to successfully market and distribute our products, our business will be materially harmed.

We have strategic relationships with a number of key distributors for sales and service of our products in certain foreign countries, including the JV in China and other third-party distributors in other regions. We cannot control the efforts and resources our third party distributors will devote to marketing the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms. Our distributors may not be able to successfully market and sell the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms, including as a result of concerns regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, may not devote sufficient time and resources to support the marketing and selling efforts and may not market the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform at prices that will permit the product to develop, achieve or sustain market acceptance. In some jurisdictions, we rely on our distributors to manage the regulatory process and oversee their activities such that they are in compliance with all laws that govern their activities, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”), and we are dependent on their ability to do so effectively. If a distributor is terminated by us or goes out of business, it may take us a period of time to locate an alternative distributor, to seek appropriate regulatory approvals and to train its personnel to market the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms, and our ability to sell and service the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms in the region formerly serviced by such terminated distributor could be materially and adversely affected. Any of our distributors could become insolvent or otherwise become unable to pay amounts owed to us when due. If any of these distributor relationships end and are not replaced, our revenues from product sales or the ability to service our products in the territories serviced by these distributors could be adversely affected. Any of these factors could materially and adversely affect our revenue from international markets, increase our costs in those markets or damage our reputation. If we are unable to attract additional international distributors, our international revenue may not grow. If our distributors experience difficulties, do not comply with regulatory or legal requirements that results in fines or penalties, do not actively market the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms or do not otherwise perform under our distribution agreements, our potential for revenue from international markets may be dramatically reduced, and our business could be harmed.

The high unit price of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms, as well as other factors, may contribute to substantial fluctuations in our operating results, which could adversely affect our stock price.

Because of the high unit price of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms and the relatively small number of units shipped each quarter, each shipment of a CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform can represent a significant percentage of our revenue for a particular quarter. Therefore, if we do not ship a CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform when anticipated, we will not be able to recognize the associated revenue and our operating results will vary significantly from our expectations. This is of particular concern when the economic environment is volatile, such as the current economic environment. For example, during periods of severe economic volatility, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, we have had customers cancel or postpone orders for our CyberKnife and

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TomoTherapy platforms and delaying any required build‑outs. These fluctuations and other potential fluctuations mean that you should not rely upon our operating results in any particular period as an indication of future performance.

As a strategy to assist our sales efforts, we may offer extended payment terms, which may potentially result in higher days sales outstanding, reduced cash flows in a particular period and greater payment defaults.

We offer longer or extended payment terms for qualified customers in some circumstances. As of December 31, 2022, customer contracts with extended payment terms of more than one year amounted to approximately 7% of our total accounts receivable balance. While we qualify customers to whom we offer longer or extended payment terms, their financial positions may change adversely over the longer time period given for payment. In addition, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting disruption to the operations of our customers, we have experienced and may continue to experience increased requests by our customers for extended payment terms as well as temporary suspensions of service and the corresponding payment obligations. This may result in an increase in payment defaults, which would negatively affect our revenue. In addition, any increase in days sales outstanding could also negatively affect our cash flow.

We have entered into certain relationships with collaborators, partnerships, strategic alliances, joint venture partners and other third parties, which are outside of our full control and may harm our existing business if we fail to realize the expected benefits of such relationships.

We are a part of certain collaborations, partnerships, strategic alliances, joint ventures and other third-party relationships and depend in part on them to grow our business and market share. Reliance on these third parties subjects us to a number of risks, including that:

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we may be required to contribute significant amounts of capital or incur losses in the initial stages of a collaboration, partnership, alliance or joint venture, particularly as selling and marketing activities increase ahead of expected long-term revenue. For example, we completed our capital contributions to the JV in the second quarter of fiscal 2020 and one system upgrade in the quarter ended September 30, 2020. Further contributions may be necessary in the future as the JV expands its operations in China in order to achieve our long-term strategy in China;

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the failure of a collaboration, partnership, strategic alliance, joint venture or other third-party relationship to meet our performance and financial expectations, which could adversely impact our ability to meet internal forecasts and expectations. For example, in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, revenue recognized from the JV was lower than expected due to the JV not achieving its plan for the quarter, which adversely affected our revenue and adjusted EBITDA;

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the process for customers of the collaboration, partnership, alliance or joint venture to comply with local or foreign regulatory requirements that may be required to purchase our products may cause delays in the collaborator, partner, alliance partner or joint venture’s ability to conduct business. For example, any delays in the JV obtaining necessary regulatory clearances for a Class B device, in customers in China obtaining Class A or Class B user licenses or in the subsequent tender process to complete the sale could affect the JV’s expected ability to initiate sales, recognize revenue and achieve revenue and orders expectations in China;

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we may not be in a position to exercise sole decision making authority regarding any collaboration, partnership, alliance or joint venture, which could result in impasses on decisions or decisions made by our partners, and our partners in such collaborations, partnerships, alliances or joint ventures may have economic or business interests that are, or may become, inconsistent with our interests;

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collaborations, partnerships, alliances and joint ventures can be difficult to manage and may involve significant expense and divert the focus and attention of our management and other key personnel away from our existing businesses;

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with respect to joint ventures, we may not be able to attract qualified employees, acquire customers or develop reliable supply, distribution or other partnerships;

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we could face potential damage to existing customer relationships or lack of customer acceptance or inability to attract new customers as a result of certain collaborations, partnerships, alliances and joint ventures;

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collaborators, partners, alliance partners and joint ventures may also operate in foreign jurisdictions with laws and regulations with which we have limited familiarity, which could adversely impact our ability to comply with such laws and regulations and may lead to increased litigation risk; and

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•

foreign laws may offer us inadequate or less intellectual property protection relative to U.S. laws, which may impact our ability, as well as the ability of the collaborator, partner, alliance partner and joint venture, to safeguard our respective intellectual property from infringement and misappropriation.

As a result of these and other factors, we may not realize the expected benefits of any collaboration, partnership, strategic alliance or joint venture or such benefits may not be realized at expected levels or within the expected time period.

We may attempt to acquire new businesses, products or technologies, including forming joint ventures, and if we are unable to successfully complete these acquisitions or to integrate acquired businesses, products, technologies or employees, we may fail to realize expected benefits or harm our existing business.

Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to expand our product offerings and grow our business in response to changing technologies, customer demands and competitive pressures. In some circumstances, we may determine to do so through the acquisition of complementary businesses, products or technologies rather than through internal development. The identification of suitable acquisition candidates can be difficult, time consuming, and costly, and we may not be able to successfully complete identified acquisitions. Other companies may compete with us for these strategic opportunities. In addition, even if we successfully complete an acquisition, we may not be able to successfully integrate newly acquired organizations, products or technologies into our operations or timely and effectively commence operations because the process of integration could be expensive, time consuming and may strain our resources. Furthermore, the products and technologies that we acquire may not be successful or may require significantly greater resources and investments than we originally anticipated. Implementing or acquiring new lines of business or offering new products and services within existing lines of business can affect the sales and profitability of existing lines of business or products and services, including as a result of sales channel conflicts. With respect to any acquisition, we may be unable to retain employees of acquired companies, or retain the acquired company’s customers, suppliers, distributors or other partners who are our competitors or who have close relationships with our competitors. Future acquisitions could also result in potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities or the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities, or expenses or other charges, any of which could harm our business and affect our financial results or cause a reduction in the price of our common stock. Further, acquisition targets may also operate in foreign jurisdictions with laws and regulations with which we have limited familiarity, which could adversely impact our ability to comply with such laws and regulations and may lead to increased litigation risk. Such laws may also offer us inadequate or less intellectual property protection relative to U.S. laws, which may impact our ability, as well as the ability of the acquisition target to safeguard our respective intellectual property from infringement and misappropriation. As a result of these and other factors, we may not realize the expected benefits of any acquisition or such benefits may not be realized at expected levels or within the expected time period. The failure to successfully consummate such strategic transactions and effectively integrate and execute following such consummation may have an adverse impact on our growth, profitability, financial position and results of operations.

We may not be able to fully utilize certain tax loss carryforwards.

As of June 30, 2022, we had approximately $324.0 million and $131.1 million in federal and state net operating loss carryforwards, respectively. The federal and state carryforwards expire in varying amounts beginning in 2025 for federal and 2023 for state purposes. In addition, as of June 30, 2022, we had federal and state research and development tax credit carryforwards of approximately $25.5 million and $22.1 million, respectively. If not utilized, the California research credits have no expiration date, but the federal research credits and other non-California state research credits will begin to expire in 2023. The Tax Act legislation, as modified by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), among other things, includes changes to the rules governing net operating losses. Net operating losses arising in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 are subject to an 80% of taxable income limitation (as calculated before taking the net operating losses into account). It is uncertain if and to what extent various states will conform to the Tax Act or CARES Act. For state income tax purposes, there may be periods during which the use of net operating losses is suspended or otherwise limited. On February 9, 2022, California enacted 2022 CA SB11, which shortens the previously enacted suspension on the use of net operating losses and prior limits on the use of business tax credits, including the research and development credit. In addition, utilization of our net operating loss and credit carry forwards is subject to annual limitation due to the application of the ownership change limitations provided by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code and similar state provisions to us. Future changes in our stock ownership, including future offerings, as well as changes that may be outside of our control, could result in an ownership change under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code.

We are subject to the tax laws of various foreign jurisdictions, as well as within the United States, which are subject to unanticipated changes and interpretation and could harm our future results.

The application of tax laws of various foreign jurisdictions and within the United States is subject to interpretation and depends on our ability to operate our business in a manner consistent with our corporate structure and intercompany arrangements. The taxing authorities of jurisdictions in which we operate may challenge our methodologies for valuing intercompany arrangements including our transfer pricing or determine that the manner in which we operate our business does not achieve the intended tax consequences. The

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application of tax laws can also be subject to conflicting interpretations by tax authorities in the various jurisdictions we operate. It is not uncommon for taxing authorities in different countries to have conflicting views, with respect to, among other things, the manner in which the arm’s length standard is applied for transfer pricing purposes. Further, tax laws are subject to change, which could adversely impact our tax rate. A number of countries, as well as organizations such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, support the global minimum tax initiative. Such countries and organizations are also actively considering changes to existing tax laws or have proposed or enacted new laws that could increase our tax obligations in countries where we do business or cause us to change the way we operate our business, which could materially impact our results of operation.

Our results may be impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Currently, the majority of our international sales are denominated in U.S. Dollars. As a result, an increase in the value of the U.S. Dollar relative to foreign currencies could require us to reduce our sales price or make our products less competitive in international markets. The U.S. Dollar has strengthened recently, which could cause potential delays in orders and we may see our sales decline. Also, if our international sales increase, we may enter into a greater number of transactions denominated in non‑U.S. Dollars, which would expose us to foreign currency risks, including changes in currency exchange rates. If we are unable to address these risks and challenges effectively, our international operations may not be successful and our business would be materially harmed.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial results could be impaired. As a result, current and potential stockholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which could have an adverse effect on our business and our stock price.

Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and to protect from fraudulent, illegal, or unauthorized transactions. If we cannot maintain effective controls and provide timely and reliable financial reports, our business and operating results could be harmed.

A failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in a material misstatement of our financial statements or otherwise cause us to fail to meet our financial reporting obligations. This, in turn, could result in a loss of investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which could have an adverse effect on our business and operating results and our stock price, and we could be subject to stockholder litigation.

In addition, it may be difficult to timely determine the effectiveness of our financial reporting systems and internal controls because of the complexity of our financial model. We recognize revenue from a range of transactions including CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platform sales and services. The CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms are complex products that contain both hardware and software elements. The complexity of the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms and of our financial model used to recognize revenue on such systems requires us to process a greater variety of financial transactions than would be required by a company with a less complex financial model. Accordingly, efforts to timely remediate deficiencies or weaknesses in our internal controls would likely be more challenging for us than they would for a company with a less complex financial model. Furthermore, if we were to find an internal control deficiency or material weakness, we may be required to amend or restate historical financial statements, which would likely have a negative impact on our stock price.

Our ability to raise capital in the future may be limited, and our failure to raise capital when needed could prevent us from executing our growth strategy.

While we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for at least the next twelve months, the timing and amount of our working capital and capital expenditure requirements may vary significantly depending on numerous factors, including the other risk factors described above and below.

If our capital resources are insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity securities or debt securities or obtain other debt financing, which could be difficult or impossible depending on the state of economic and capital markets environments at the time, as well as the state of our business, operating results and financial condition. For example, any sustained disruption in the capital markets from the global economic environment could negatively impact our ability to raise capital. Our debt levels may impair our ability to obtain additional financing in the future. The sale of additional equity securities or convertible debt securities would result in additional dilution to our stockholders. We cannot assure that additional financing, if required or desired, will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

Risks Related to the Regulation of our Products and Business

Modifications, upgrades, new indications and future products related to the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy Systems or the Precision Treatment Planning and iDMS Data Management System software may require new FDA 510(k) clearances or premarket

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approvals and similar licensing or approvals in international markets. Such modifications, or any defects in design, manufacture or labeling may require us to recall or cease marketing the affected systems or software until approvals or clearances are obtained.

The CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms as well as the Precision Treatment Planning with iDMS Data Management System software are medical devices that are subject to extensive regulation in the United States by local, state and the federal government, including the FDA. The FDA cleared the latest imaging feature for the Radixact System, ClearRTTM, under K202412 on December 18, 2020. The FDA regulates virtually all aspects of a medical device design, development, testing manufacturing, labeling, storage, record keeping, adverse event reporting, sale, promotion, distribution and shipping. Before a new medical device, or a new intended use or indication or claim for an existing product, can be marketed in the United States, it must first receive either premarket approval or 510(k) clearance from the FDA, unless an exemption exists. Either process can be expensive, lengthy and unpredictable. The FDA’s 510(k) clearance process generally takes from three to twelve months, but it can last longer. The process of obtaining premarket approval is much more costly and uncertain than the 510(k) clearance process and it generally takes from one to three years, or even longer, from the time the application is filed with the FDA. Additionally, outside of the United States, our products are subject to clearances and approvals by foreign governmental agencies similar to the FDA. In order to market our products internationally, we must obtain licenses or approvals from these governmental agencies, which could include local requirements, safety standards, testing or certifications, and can be time consuming, burdensome and uncertain. Despite the time, effort and cost, there can be no assurance that a particular device or a modification of a device will be approved or cleared by the FDA or any foreign governmental agency in a timely fashion, if at all. Even if we are granted regulatory clearances or approvals, they may include significant limitations on the indicated uses of the product, which may limit the market for those products, and how those products can be promoted.

Medical devices may only be marketed for the indications for which they are approved or cleared. The FDA and other foreign governments also may change their policies, adopt additional regulations, or revise existing regulations, each of which could prevent or delay approval or clearance of our device, or could impact our ability to market our currently approved or cleared device. We are also subject to medical device reporting regulations, which require us to report to the FDA and other international governmental agencies if our products cause or contribute to a death or a serious injury, or malfunction in a way that would likely cause or contribute to a death or a serious injury. We also are subject to the QSR in the U.S. and ISO 13485 certification in many international markets, compliance with which is necessary to receive FDA and other international clearances or approvals to market new products and is necessary for us to be able to continue to market a cleared or approved product in the United States or globally. After a product is placed in the market, we are also subject to regulations by the FDA and Federal Trade Commission related to the advertising and promotion of our products to ensure our claims are consistent with our regulatory clearances, that there is scientific data to substantiate our claims and that our advertising is not false or misleading. Our products are also subject to state regulations and various worldwide laws and regulations.

A component of our strategy is to continue to upgrade the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms as well as the Precision Treatment Planning with iDMS Data Management System software. Upgrades previously released by us required 510(k) clearance and international registration before we were able to offer them for sale. We expect our future upgrades will similarly require 510(k) clearance or approval; however, future upgrades may be subject to substantially more time-consuming data generation requirements and uncertain premarket approval or clearance processes. If we were required to use the premarket approval process for future products or product modifications, it could delay or prevent release of the proposed products or modifications, which could harm our business.

The FDA requires device manufacturers to make their own determination of whether or not a modification requires an approval or clearance; however, the FDA can review a manufacturer’s decision not to submit for additional approvals or clearances. Any modification to an FDA approved or cleared device that would significantly affect its safety or efficacy or that would constitute a major change in its intended use would require a new premarket approval or 510(k) clearance. We cannot assure you that the FDA will agree with our decisions not to seek approvals or clearances for particular device modifications or that we will be successful in obtaining premarket approvals or 510(k) clearances for modifications in a timely fashion, if at all.

We have obtained 510(k) clearance for the CyberKnife platform for the treatment of conditions anywhere in the body when radiation treatment is indicated, and we have obtained 510(k) clearance for the TomoTherapy platform to be used as integrated systems for the planning and delivery of IMRT for the treatment of cancer. We have made modifications to the CyberKnife and TomoTherapy platforms in the past and may make additional modifications in the future that we believe do not or will not require additional approvals or clearances. If the FDA disagrees, based on new finalized guidance and requires us to obtain additional premarket approvals or 510(k) clearances for any modifications to the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platforms and we fail to obtain such approvals or clearances or fail to secure approvals or clearances in a timely manner, we may be required to cease manufacturing and marketing the modified device or to recall such modified device until we obtain FDA approval or clearance and we may be subject to significant regulatory fines or penalties.

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The FDA and similar governmental authorities in other countries in which we market and sell our products have the authority to require the recall of our products in the event of material deficiencies or defects in design, manufacture or labeling. A government mandated recall, or a voluntary recall by us, could occur as a result of component failures, manufacturing errors or design defects, including defects in labeling and user manuals. Any recall could divert management’s attention, cause us to incur significant expenses, generate negative publicity, harm our reputation with customers, negatively affect our future sales and business, require redesign of the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform, and harm our operating results. In these circumstances, we may also be subject to significant enforcement action. If any of these events were to occur, our ability to introduce new or enhanced products in a timely manner would be adversely affected, which in turn would harm our future growth.

We are subject to federal, state and foreign laws and regulations applicable to our operations, the violation of which could result in substantial penalties and harm our business.

In addition to regulation by the FDA and similar governmental authorities in other countries, our operations are subject to other laws and regulations, such as laws and rules governing interactions with healthcare providers, anti-corruption laws, privacy rules and transparency laws. In order to maintain compliance with these laws and requirements, we must continually keep abreast of any changes or developments to be able to integrate compliance protocols into the development and regulatory documentation of our products. Failure to maintain compliance could result in substantial penalties to us and harm our business.

Laws and ethical rules governing interactions with healthcare providers. The Medicare and Medicaid “anti‑kickback” laws, and similar state laws, prohibit soliciting, offering, paying or accepting any payments or other remuneration that is intended to induce any individual or entity to either refer patients to or purchase, lease or order, or arrange for or recommend the purchase, lease or order of, healthcare products or services for which payment may be made under federal and state healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid. Such laws impact our sales, marketing and other promotional activities by reducing the types of financial arrangements we may have with our customers, potential customers, marketing consultants and other service providers. They particularly impact how we structure our sales offerings, including discount practices, customer support, product loans, education and training programs, physician consulting, research grants and other service arrangements. Many of these laws are broadly drafted and are open to a variety of interpretations, making it difficult to determine with any certainty whether certain arrangements violate such laws, even if statutory safe harbors are available. Generally, courts have taken a broad interpretation of the scope of the “anti-kickback” laws, holding that these laws may be violated if merely one purpose of a payment arrangement is to induce referrals or purchases. Further, a person or entity does not need to have actual knowledge of the statute or specific intent to violate it in order to have committed a violation. Violations of these laws can be punishable with prison time, and can also result in criminal fines, administrative civil money penalties and exclusion from participation in federal healthcare programs. In addition, a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the federal False Claims Act.

Federal and state “false claims” laws generally prohibit the knowing filing or causing the filing of a false claim or the knowing use of false statements to obtain payment from government payors. Although we do not submit claims directly to payors, manufacturers can be held liable under these laws if they are deemed to “cause” the submission of false or fraudulent claims by providing inaccurate billing or coding information to customers, or through certain other activities, including promoting products for uses or indications that are not approved by the FDA. In addition to actions initiated by the government itself, the federal False Claims Act authorizes actions to be brought on behalf of the federal government by a private party having knowledge of the alleged fraud called a “relator”. Because the complaint is initially filed under seal, the action may be pending for some time before the defendant is even aware of the action. If the government is ultimately successful in obtaining redress in the matter or if the relator succeeds in obtaining redress without the government’s involvement, then the relator is typically entitled to receive a percentage of the recovery. When an entity is determined to have violated the federal False Claims Act, it may be required to pay up to three times the actual damages sustained by the government, plus civil penalties for each separate false claim, and may be excluded from participation in federal health care programs, and, although the federal False Claims Act is a civil statute, violations may also implicate various federal criminal statutes. Several states have also adopted comparable state false claims act, some of which apply to all payors.

We are also subject to federal and state physician self‑referral laws. The federal Ethics in Patient Referrals Act of 1989, commonly known as the Stark Law, prohibits, subject to certain exceptions, physician referrals of Medicare and Medicaid patients to an entity providing certain “designated health services” if the physician or an immediate family member has any financial relationship with the entity. The Stark Law also prohibits the entity receiving the referral from billing any good or service furnished pursuant to an unlawful referral. Various states have corollary laws to the Stark Law, including laws that require physicians to disclose any financial interest they may have with a healthcare provider to their patients when referring patients to that provider. Both the scope and exceptions for such laws vary from state to state.

If our past or present operations are found to be in violation of any of these “anti‑kickback,” “false claims,” “self‑referral” or other similar laws in foreign jurisdictions, we may be subject to the applicable penalty associated with the violation, which may include significant civil and criminal penalties, damages, fines, imprisonment and exclusion from healthcare programs. The impact of any such

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violations may lead to curtailment or restructuring of our operations, which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results.

Anti‑corruption laws. We are also subject to laws regarding the conduct of business overseas, such as the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act of 2010, the Brazil Clean Companies Act, and other similar laws in foreign countries in which we operate. The FCPA prohibits the provision of illegal or improper inducements to foreign government officials in connection with the obtaining of business overseas. Becoming familiar with and implementing the infrastructure necessary to ensure that we and our distributors comply with such laws, rules and regulations and mitigate and protect against corruption risks could be quite costly, and there can be no assurance that any policies and procedures we do implement will protect us against liability under the FCPA or related laws for actions taken by our employees, executive officers, distributors, agents and other intermediaries with respect to our business. Violations of the FCPA or other similar laws by us or any of our employees, executive officers, distributors, agents or other intermediaries could subject us or the individuals involved to criminal or civil liability, cause a loss of reputation in the market, and materially harm our business.

Laws protecting patient health information. There are a number of federal and state laws protecting the confidentiality of certain patient health information, including patient records, and restricting the use and disclosure of that protected information. In particular, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) has promulgated patient privacy rules under the HIPAA. These privacy rules protect medical records and other personal health information of patients by limiting their use and disclosure, giving patients the right to access, amend and seek accounting of their own health information and limiting most uses and disclosures of health information to the minimum amount reasonably necessary to accomplish the intended purpose. The HIPAA privacy standard was amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, enacted as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Although we are not a “covered entity” under HIPAA, we are considered a “business associate” of certain covered entities and, as such, we are directly subject to HIPAA, including its enforcement scheme and inspection requirements, and are required to implement policies, procedures as well as reasonable and appropriate physical, technical and administrative security measures to protect individually identifiable health information we receive from covered entities. Our failure to protect health information received from customers in compliance with HIPAA or other laws could subject us to civil and criminal liability to the government and civil liability to the covered entity, could result in adverse publicity, and could harm our business and impair our ability to attract new customers.

Transparency laws. The Sunshine Act, which was enacted by Congress as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act on December 14, 2011, requires each applicable manufacturer, which includes medical device companies such as Accuray, to track and report to the federal government on an annual basis all payments and other transfers of value from such applicable manufacturer to U.S. licensed physicians and teaching hospitals as well as physician ownership of such applicable manufacturer’s equity, in each case subject to certain statutory exceptions. Furthermore, on October 25, 2018, President Trump signed into law the “Substance Use-Disorder Prevention that Promoted Opioid Recovery and Treatment for Patients and Communities Act” which in part (under a provision entitled “Fighting the Opioid Epidemic with Sunshine”) extends the reporting and transparency requirements for physicians in the Physician Payments Sunshine Act to physician assistants, nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, certified registered nurse anesthetists, and certified nurse midwives (with reporting requirements going into effect in 2022 for payments made in 2021). Such data will be made available by the government on a publicly searchable website. Failure to comply with the data collection and reporting obligations imposed by the Sunshine Act can result in civil monetary penalties ranging from $1,000 to $10,000 for each payment or other transfer of value that is not reported (up to a maximum of $150,000 per reporting period) and from $10,000 to $100,000 for each knowing failure to report (up to a maximum of $1 million per reporting period). In addition, we are subject to similar state and foreign laws related to the tracking and reporting of payments and other transfers of value to healthcare professionals, the violation of which could, among other things, result in civil monetary penalties and adversely impact our reputation and business.

Conflict minerals. The Dodd Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the rules promulgated by the SEC under such act require companies, including Accuray, to disclose the existence in their products of certain metals, known as “conflict minerals,” which are metals mined from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and adjoining countries. These rules require investigative efforts, which has and will continue to cause us to incur associated costs, could adversely affect the sourcing, availability and pricing of minerals used in our products and may cause reputational harm if we determine that certain of our components contain such conflict minerals or if we are unable to alter our processes or sources of supply to avoid using such materials, all of which could adversely impact sales of our products and results of operations.

If we or our distributors do not obtain and maintain the necessary regulatory approvals in a specific country, we will not be able to market and sell our products in that country.

To be able to market and sell our products in a specific country, we or our distributors must comply with applicable laws and regulations of that country. In jurisdictions where we rely on our distributors to manage the regulatory process, we are dependent on their ability to do so effectively. While the laws and regulations of some countries do not impose barriers to marketing and selling our products or only require notification, others require that we or our distributors obtain the approval of a specified regulatory body. These laws and regulations, including the requirements for approvals, and the time required for regulatory review vary from country to

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country. The governmental agencies regulating medical devices in some countries, for example, require that the user interface on medical device software be in the local language. We currently provide user guides and manuals, both paper copies and electronically, in the local language but only provide an English language version of the user interface. Obtaining regulatory approvals is expensive and time‑consuming, and we cannot be certain that we or our distributors will receive regulatory approvals in each country in which we market or plan to market our products. If we modify our products, we or our distributors may need to apply for additional regulatory approvals before we are permitted to sell them. We may not continue to meet the quality and safety standards required to maintain the authorizations that we or our distributors have received. It can also be costly for us and our distributors to keep up with regulatory changes issued or mandated from time to time. If we change distributors, it may be time‑consuming and disruptive to our business to transfer the required regulatory approvals, particularly if such approvals are maintained by our third‑party distributors on our behalf. If we or our distributors are unable to maintain our authorizations, or fail to obtain appropriate authorizations in a particular country, we will no longer be able to sell our products in that country, and our ability to generate revenue will be materially adversely affected.

Within the EU, we are required under the Medical Device Directive to affix the Conformité Européene, or CE, mark on our products in order to sell the products in member countries of the EU. This conformity to the applicable directives is done through self‑declaration and is verified by an independent certification body, called a Notified Body, before the CE mark can be placed on the device. Once the CE mark is affixed to the device, the Notified Body will regularly audit us to ensure that we remain in compliance with the applicable European laws or directives. CE marking demonstrates that our products comply with the laws and regulations required by the European Union countries to allow free movement of trade within those countries. If we cannot support our performance claims and/or demonstrate or maintain compliance with the applicable European laws and directives, we lose our CE mark, which would prevent us from selling our products within the European Union. In addition, the EU’s Medical Device Regulation (“MDR”), which replaced the existing Medical Device Directive, became effective in May 2021. The MDR establishes new requirements and oversight for maintaining the CE mark. The official guidance continues to be published for the implementation of these requirements and the number of Notified Bodies are still limited. There may be variability in review timeframes and requirements as both manufacturers and authorities navigate these new requirements. In addition, the EU and Switzerland failed to establish a Mutual Recognition Agreement (“MRA”) for medical devices to include Switzerland within the MDR and as a result, Switzerland has initiated its own medical device regulation similar to the EU MDR, which will require additional registrations for economic operators and products within Switzerland for our devices.

Under the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan, a pre‑market approval necessary to sell, market and import a product, or Shonin, must be obtained from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (“MHLW”), for our products. Before issuing approvals, MHLW examines the application in detail with regard to the quality, efficacy, and safety of the proposed medical device. The Shonin is granted once MHLW is content with the safety and effectiveness of the medical device. The time required for approval varies. A delay in approval could prevent us from selling our products in Japan, which could impact our ability to generate revenue and harm our business.

In addition to laws and regulations regarding medical devices, we are subject to a variety of environmental laws and regulations around the world regulating our operations, including those relating to the use, generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of hazardous materials, which laws impose compliance costs on our business and can also result in liability to us. Although we follow procedures intended to comply with existing environmental laws and regulations, risk of accidental contamination or injury can never be fully eliminated. In the event of an accident, state or federal or other applicable authorities may curtail our use of these materials and interrupt our business operations. In addition, future changes in these laws and regulations could also increase our costs of doing business. We must continually keep abreast of these standards and requirements and integrate our compliance into the development and regulatory documentation for our products. Failure to meet these standards could limit our ability to market our products in those regions that require compliance to such standards. For example, the European Union has adopted directives that may lead to restrictions on the use of certain hazardous substances or other regulated substances in some of our products sold there, unless such products are eligible for an exemption. While we believe that certain of our products are exempt, there can be no guarantee that such determination would not be challenged or that the regulations would not change in a way that would subject our products to such regulation. These directives, along with other laws and regulations that may be adopted by other countries, could increase our operating costs in order to maintain access to certain markets, which could adversely affect our business.

Healthcare reform legislation could adversely affect demand for our products, our revenue and our financial condition.

In March 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (collectively, the “ACA”) were signed into law. Since its enactment, there have been judicial and Congressional challenges to certain aspects of the ACA. In particular, on December 14, 2018, a Texas U.S. District Court Judge ruled that the ACA is unconstitutional in its entirety because the “individual mandate” was repealed by Congress as part of the Tax Act. Additionally, on December 18, 2019, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit upheld the District Court ruling that the individual mandate was unconstitutional and remanded the case back to the District Court to determine whether the remaining provisions of the ACA are invalid as well. On June 18, 2021, the United States Supreme Court upheld the ACA, holding that the individuals who brought the lawsuit did not have standing

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to challenge the law. It is unclear how this decision and the decisions of the current administration will impact the ACA and our business. Complying with any new legislation or reversing changes implemented under the ACA could be time-intensive and expensive, resulting in a material adverse effect on our business.

The ACA includes a large number of health related provisions, including expanding Medicaid eligibility, requiring most individuals to have health insurance, establishing new regulations on health plans, establishing health insurance exchanges, requiring manufacturers to report payments or other transfers of value made to physicians and teaching hospitals, modifying certain payment systems to encourage more cost‑effective care and a reduction of inefficiencies and waste and including new tools to address fraud and abuse. The laws also include a decrease in the annual rate of inflation for Medicare payments to hospitals and the establishment of an independent payment advisory board to suggest methods of reducing the rate of growth in Medicare spending. We do not yet know the full impact that the ACA will have on our business. The expansion in the government's role in the U.S. healthcare industry may result in decreased profits to us, lower reimbursement by third-party payors for our products, or reduced volume of medical procedures conducted with our products, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot predict the ultimate content, timing or effect of any healthcare reform legislation or the impact of potential legislation on us.

In addition, since the adoption of the ACA, other legislation designed to keep federal healthcare costs down has been proposed or passed. For example, under the sequestration required by the Budget Control Act of 2011, as amended by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, Medicare payments for all items and services under Parts A and B incurred on or after April 1, 2013 have been reduced by up to 2%. In 2020 and 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Congress passed several laws including the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act and Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021, that temporarily suspended the 2% sequestration. At the end of 2021, Congress passed the Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts Act, which extended the suspension on the 2% sequestration through March 31, 2022, and adjusted the sequester to 1% for the period between April 1, 2022 and June 30, 2022. Future federal legislation may impose further limitations on the coverage or amounts of reimbursement available for our products from governmental agencies or third‑party payors. These limitations could have a negative impact on the demand for our products and services, and therefore on our financial position and results of operations.

Since the enactment of the ACA, CMS continues its efforts to move away from fee for service payments for furnishing items and services in Medicare. As a result of actions taken in 2020 and 2021, CMS has finalized, but not implemented a radiation oncology alternative payment model (RO-APM). This model was designed to determine if a site neutral, modality agnostic, episode based payment model would reduce Medicare expenditures and preserve beneficiary quality of care. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, implementation of the RO-APM has been delayed several times. On August 29, 2022, CMS published a final rule in the Federal Register, CMS-5527-F2, that delayed the start date of the RO-APM to a date to be determined through future rulemaking. As such, it remains unclear as to if or when CMS will introduce the RO-APM. If implemented, it is unclear what impact, if any, the RO-APM and other government payer initiatives will have on our business and operating results, but uncertainties surrounding the new payment model or other initiatives could pause or otherwise delay the purchase of our products by our customers and any resulting decrease in reimbursement to our customers may result in reduced demand for our services.

Future legislative or policy initiatives directed at reducing costs could be introduced at either the federal or state level. We cannot predict what healthcare reform legislation or regulations, if any, including any potential repeal or amendment of the ACA, will be enacted in the United States or elsewhere, what impact any legislation or regulations related to the healthcare system that may be enacted or adopted in the future might have on our business, or the effect of ongoing uncertainty or public perception about these matters will have on the purchasing decisions of our customers. However, the implementation of new legislation and regulation may materially lower reimbursements for our products, materially reduce medical procedure volumes and significantly and adversely affect our business.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

The price of our common stock is volatile and may continue to fluctuate significantly, which could lead to losses for stockholders.

The stock market in general has recently experienced relatively large price and volume fluctuations, particularly in response to new news on the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the trading prices of the stock of healthcare companies of our size can experience extreme price and volume fluctuations. These fluctuations often have been unrelated or out of proportion to the operating performance of these companies. Our stock price has experienced periods of volatility, including in recent quarters. Broad market fluctuations may also harm our stock price. Continued market fluctuations could result in extreme volatility in the price of our common stock, which could cause a decline in the value of our common stock. Any negative change in the public’s perception of the prospects of companies that employ similar technology or sell into similar markets could also depress our stock price, regardless of our actual results.

In addition to the other risk factors described above and below, factors affecting the trading price of our common stock include:

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•

impacts to our business, operations or financial condition caused by concerns in connection with the global economic environment, COVID-19 pandemic or supply chain disruptions;

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fiscal and monetary stimulus measures to counteract the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic;

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regulatory developments related to manufacturing, marketing or sale of the CyberKnife or TomoTherapy platform;

•

political or social uncertainties, including as a result of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine;

•

changes in product pricing policies;

•

variations in our operating results, as well as costs and expenditures;

•

announcements of technological innovations, new services or service enhancements, strategic alliances or significant agreements by us or by our competitors;

•

changes in analysts’ estimates, investors’ perceptions, recommendations by securities analysts or our failure to achieve analysts’ and our own estimates;

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recruitment or departure of key personnel;

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the performance of our competitors and investor perception of the markets and industries in which we compete;

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announcement of strategic transactions or capital raising activities; and

•

market conditions in our industry, the industries of our customers and the economy as a whole, including the impact of increased inflation or a recession.

Future issuances of shares of our common stock could dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders.

Any issuance of equity securities could dilute the interests of our stockholders and could substantially decrease the trading price of our common stock. We may issue equity securities in the future for a number of reasons, including to finance our operations and business strategy (including in connection with acquisitions, strategic collaborations or other transactions), to adjust our ratio of debt to equity, to satisfy our obligations upon the exercise of outstanding options or for other reasons.

In May 2021, we issued $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Notes. $97.1 million aggregate principal amount of the Notes were issued to certain holders of our then-outstanding 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 in exchange for approximately $82.1 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 and $2.9 million aggregate principal amount of the Notes were issued to certain other qualified new investors for cash. To the extent we issue common stock upon conversion of any outstanding convertible notes, that conversion would dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders.

The conditional conversion features of the Notes, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

In the event the conditional conversion features of the Notes are triggered, holders of the Notes, as applicable, will be entitled to convert such notes at any time during specified periods at their option. If one or more holders elect to convert such notes, unless we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation by delivering solely shares of our common stock (other than paying solely cash in lieu of any fractional share), including if we have irrevocably elected full physical settlement upon conversion, we would be required to make cash payments to satisfy all or a portion of our conversion obligation based on the applicable conversion rate, which could adversely affect our liquidity. In addition, even if holders do not elect to convert such notes, if we have irrevocably elected net share settlement upon conversion we could be required under applicable accounting rules to reclassify all or a portion of the outstanding principal of such notes as a current rather than long‑term liability, which could result in a material reduction of our net working capital.

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Provisions in the indenture for the Notes, the credit agreement for our Credit Facilities, our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws could discourage or prevent a takeover, even if an acquisition would be beneficial in the opinion of our stockholders.

Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make it more difficult for a third‑party to acquire us, even if doing so would be beneficial in the opinion of our stockholders. These provisions include:

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authorizing the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock that could be issued by our board of directors to increase the number of outstanding shares and thwart a takeover attempt;

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establishing a classified board of directors, which could discourage a takeover attempt;

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prohibiting cumulative voting in the election of directors, which would limit the ability of less than a majority of stockholders to elect director candidates;

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limiting the ability of stockholders to call special meetings of stockholders;

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prohibiting stockholder action by written consent and requiring that all stockholder actions be taken at a meeting of our stockholders; and

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establishing advance notice requirements for nominations for election to the board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at stockholder meetings.

In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law may discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company. Generally, Section 203 prohibits stockholders who, alone or together with their affiliates and associates, own more than 15% of the subject company from engaging in certain business combinations for a period of three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder of such subject company without approval of the board or 662/3% of the independent stockholders. The existence of these provisions could adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.

A change of control will also trigger an event of default under the Credit Facilities. If an event of default occurs, the agent for the lenders under the Credit Facilities may, at its discretion, suspend or terminate any of the lenders’ loan obligations thereunder and/or declare all or any portion of the loan then‑outstanding under the Credit Facilities, including all accrued but unpaid interest thereon, to be accelerated and immediately due and payable.

Furthermore, if a “fundamental change” (as such term is defined in the applicable indenture of the Notes) occurs, holders of the Notes will have the right, at their option, to require us to repurchase all or a portion of their convertible notes. A “fundamental change” generally occurs when there is a change in control of Accuray (acquisition of 50% or more of our voting stock, liquidation or sale of Accuray not for stock in another publicly traded company) or trading of our stock is terminated. In the event of a “make‑whole fundamental change” (as such term is defined in the applicable indenture of the Notes), we may also be required to increase the conversion rate applicable to the Notes surrendered for conversion in connection with such make‑whole fundamental change. A “make‑whole fundamental change” is generally a sale of Accuray not for stock in another publicly traded company. In addition, the applicable indentures for the Notes prohibits us from engaging in certain mergers or acquisitions unless, among other things, the surviving entity assumes our obligations under the Notes.

General Risks

Our operations are vulnerable to interruption or loss because of natural disasters, global or regional health pandemics or epidemics, terrorist acts and other events beyond our control, which has impacted and could in the future adversely affect our business.

We have facilities in countries around the world, including two manufacturing facilities, each of which is equipped to manufacture unique components of our products. Our manufacturing facilities are located in Madison, Wisconsin, and Chengdu, China. We do not maintain backup manufacturing facilities for any of our manufacturing facilities or for our IT facilities, so we depend on each of our current facilities for the continued operation of our business. In addition, we conduct a significant portion of other activities, including administration and data processing, at facilities located in California, which has experienced major earthquakes and fires in the past, as well as other natural disasters. Chengdu, China, where one of our manufacturing facilities is located, has also experienced major earthquakes in the past. We do not carry earthquake insurance. In addition, China has suffered health epidemics related to the outbreak of COVID-19 (including resurgences of COVID-19), avian influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome, which could adversely affect our operations in China, including our manufacturing operations in Chengdu, as well as the operations of the JV and those of our customers. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread widely around the world, including in locations where we have facilities

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and operations. Unexpected events at any of our facilities or otherwise, including as a result of responses to epidemics or pandemics; fires or explosions; natural disasters, such as hurricanes, floods, tornados and earthquakes; war or terrorist activities (including the conflict between Russia and Ukraine); unplanned outages; supply disruptions; and failures of equipment or systems, including telecommunications systems, or the failure to take adequate steps to mitigate the likelihood or potential impact of such events, could significantly disrupt our operations, delay or prevent product manufacturing and shipment for the time required to repair, rebuild or replace our manufacturing facilities, which could be lengthy, result in large expenses to repair or replace the facilities, and adversely affect our results of operation. In particular, telecommunication system failures or disruptions could significantly disrupt our operations as a result of our increase remote work arrangements. In addition, concerns about terrorism, the effects of a terrorist attack, political turmoil or an epidemic outbreak could have a negative effect on our operations and the operations of our suppliers and customers and the ability to travel, which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our liquidity could be adversely impacted by adverse conditions in the financial markets.

At December 31, 2022, we had $67.7 million in cash and cash equivalents. The available cash and cash equivalents are held in accounts managed by third‑party financial institutions and consist of cash in our operating accounts and cash invested in money market funds. To date, we have experienced no material realized losses on or lack of access to our invested cash, or cash equivalents; however, we can provide no assurances that access to our invested cash and cash equivalents will not be impacted by adverse conditions in the financial markets.

At any point in time, we also have funds in our operating accounts that are with third-party financial institutions that exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits. While we monitor daily the cash balances in our operating accounts and adjust the cash balances as appropriate, these cash balances could be impacted if the underlying financial institutions fail or become subject to other adverse conditions in the financial markets. To date, we have experienced no loss or lack of access to cash in our operating accounts.

Changes in interpretation or application of generally accepted accounting principles may adversely affect our operating results.

We prepare our financial statements to conform to United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. These principles are subject to interpretation by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Securities and Exchange Commission and various other regulatory or accounting bodies. A change in interpretations of, or our application of, these principles can have a significant effect on our reported results and may even affect our reporting of transactions completed before a change is announced. Additionally, as we are required to adopt new accounting standards, our methods of accounting for certain items may change, which could cause our results of operations to fluctuate from period to period. For example, upon adoption of ASC 606, we now recognize system revenue upon transfer of control, which is generally at time of delivery. Under the previous accounting guidance, we recognized system revenue upon acceptance when and if we have installation responsibilities. If circumstances change over time or interpretation of the revenue recognition rules change, we could be required to adjust the timing of recognizing revenue and our financial results could suffer.

We have not paid dividends in the past and do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain all future earnings for the operation and expansion of our business and, therefore, do not anticipate declaring or paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. The payment of dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our results of operations, capital requirements, financial condition, prospects, contractual arrangements, and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant. If we do not pay dividends, a return on a stockholders’ investment will only occur if our stock price appreciates.

 

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

None.

 

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

None.

 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 5. Other Information

 

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

 

Exhibit				Incorporated by Reference								Filed
No.		Exhibit Description		Form		File No.		Exhibit		Filing Date		Herewith
10.1		First Amendment to Credit Agreement among the Registrant, as the Borrower, the several banks and other financial institutions or entities party hereto, and Silicon Valley Bank, as administrative agent, issuing lender and swingline lender, dated as of October 28, 2022.		—		—		—		—		X
10.2		Accuray Incorporated Amended and Restated 2016 Equity Incentive Plan and forms of award agreements thereunder		8-K		—		10.1		11/16/22		—
10.3		Accuray Incorporated Amended and Restated 2007 Employee Stock Purchase Plan		8-K		—		10.2		11/16/22		—
10.4		Accuray Incorporated Form of Indemnification Agreement		8-K		—		10.1		11/17/22		—
31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.		—		—		—		—		X
31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.		—		—		—		—		X
32.1*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. 1350.		—		—		—		—		X
101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.										X
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.										X
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.										X
101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.										X
101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.										X
101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.										X
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

 

* The certification attached as Exhibit 32.1 that accompanies this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Accuray Incorporated under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

	ACCURAY INCORPORATED
Date: February 2, 2023
	By:	/s/ Suzanne Winter
		Suzanne Winter
		President & Chief Executive Officer
	By:	/s/ Ali Pervaiz
		Ali Pervaiz
		Senior Vice President & Chief Financial Officer

 

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EXHIBIT 10.1

FIRST AMENDMENT TO
CREDIT AGREEMENT

This First Amendment to Credit Agreement (this “Amendment”) dated and effective as of October 28, 2022 (the “First Amendment Effective Date”) by and among ACCURAY INCORPORATED, a Delaware corporation (the “Borrower”), the several banks and other financial institutions or entities party hereto (the “Lenders”) and SILICON VALLEY BANK (“SVB”), as the Administrative Agent (SVB, in such capacity, the “Administrative Agent”), and as the Issuing Lender and the Swingline Lender.

W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS, the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender and the Swingline Lender are parties to that certain Credit Agreement dated as of May 6, 2021 (as amended, modified, supplemented or restated and in effect from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”); and

WHEREAS, the Borrower has requested that the Lenders [constituting the Required Lenders] and the Administrative Agent agree to modify and amend certain terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement, subject to the terms and conditions contained herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

1

 

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In connection with the releases set forth above, each Loan Party expressly and completely waives and relinquishes any and all rights and benefits that it has or may ever have pursuant to Section 1542 of the Civil Code of the State of California, or any other similar provision of law or principle of equity in any jurisdiction pertaining to the matters released herein. Section 1542 provides as follows:

A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS THAT THE CREDITOR OR RELEASING PARTY DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE AND THAT, IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER, WOULD HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR OR RELEASED PARTY.

[Signature pages follow]

4

 

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In Witness Whereof, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed and delivered by their proper and duly authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.

BORROWER:
 

ACCURAY INCORPORATED     By: /s/ Ali Pervaiz Name: Ali Pervaiz Title: Chief Financial Officer

 

 

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ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT:

 

SILICON VALLEY BANK
 

By: /s/ Justin Roberts
Name: Justin Roberts
Title: Director

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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LENDERS:

 

SILICON VALLEY BANK,

as Issuing Lender, Swingline Lender and as a Lender
 

By: /s/ Justin Roberts
Name: Justin Roberts
Title: Director

 

 

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LENDER:

HSBC BANK US, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
 

By: /s/ Giselle Williams
Name: Giselle Williams
Title: Vice President

 

 

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LENDER:

COMERICA BANK
 

By: /s/ Hiroya Suzuki
Name: Hiroya Suzuki
Title: Senior Vice President

 

 

 

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CONSENT AND REAFFIRMATION

The Guarantor hereby (i) acknowledges receipt of a copy of the foregoing First Amendment to Credit Agreement (the "First Amendment"; capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Credit Agreement as amended by the First Amendment); (ii) consents to Borrower's execution and delivery of the First Amendment; (iii) affirms that nothing contained in the First Amendment shall modify in any respect whatsoever any Loan Document to which it is a party except as expressly set forth therein; and (iv) ratifies, affirms, acknowledges and agrees that each of the Loan Documents to which the Guarantor is a party represents the valid, enforceable and collectible obligations of the Guarantor. The Guarantor hereby agrees that the First Amendment in no way acts as a release or relinquishment of the Liens and rights securing payments of the Obligations. The guarantee, Liens and rights securing payment of the Obligations (including as amended by the First Amendment) are hereby ratified and confirmed by the Guarantor in all respects. Although the Guarantor has been informed of the matters set forth herein and has acknowledged and agreed to same, the Guarantor understands that neither the Administrative Agent nor any Lender has any obligation to inform the Guarantor of such matters in the future or to seek the Guarantor's acknowledgment or agreement to future amendments, waivers or consents, and nothing herein shall create such a duty.

 

 

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TOMOTHERAPY INCORPORATED

 

By: /s/ Ali Pervaiz

Name: Ali Pervaiz

Title: Chief Financial Officer

 

 

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Annex A

Conformed Credit Agreement

[See Attached]

 

 

 

 

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***Conformed to include changes pursuant to the First Amendment to Credit Agreement***

Execution Version

 

 

SENIOR SECURED CREDIT FACILITIES

CREDIT AGREEMENT

dated as of May 6, 2021,

among

ACCURAY INCORPORATED,
as the Borrower,

The Several Lenders from Time to Time PartY Hereto,

and

SILICON VALLEY BANK,
as Administrative Agent, Lead Arranger, Issuing Lender and Swingline Lender

 

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Table of Contents

 

Page

 

SECTION 1 DEFINITIONS 1

1.1 Defined Terms 1

1.2 Other Definitional Provisions. 46

1.3 Rounding 4746

1.4 Limited Condition Acquisitions 47

1.5 Rates. 47

SECTION 2 AMOUNT AND TERMS OF COMMITMENTS 48

2.1 Term Commitments 48

2.2 Procedure for Term Loan Borrowing 48

2.3 Repayment of Term Loans 48

2.4 Revolving Commitments. 48

2.5 Procedure for Revolving Loan Borrowing 49

2.6 Swingline Commitment 49

2.7 Procedure for Swingline Borrowing; Refunding of Swingline Loans. 4950

2.8 [Reserved]. 51

2.9 Fees. 51

2.10 Termination or Reduction of Revolving Commitments. 5152

2.11 Optional Loan Prepayments. 52

2.12 Mandatory Prepayments. 5253

2.13 Conversion and Continuation Options. 54

2.14 Limitations on EurodollarSOFR Tranches 54

2.15 Interest Rates and Payment Dates. 5455

2.16 Computation of Interest and Fees.; Conforming Changes 55

2.17 Inability to Determine Interest Rate 55

2.18 Pro Rata Treatment and Payments. 57

2.19 Illegality; Requirements of Law. 60

2.20 Taxes. 62

2.21 Indemnity 6566

2.22 Change of Lending Office 66

2.23 Substitution of Lenders 66

2.24 Defaulting Lenders. 67

2.25 [Reserved]. 6970

2.26 Notes 6970

2.27 Incremental Loans 70

SECTION 3 LETTERS OF CREDIT 73

3.1 L/C Commitment. 73

3.2 Procedure for Issuance of Letters of Credit 74

3.3 Fees and Other Charges. 7475

3.4 L/C Participations; Existing Letters of Credit 75

3.5 Reimbursement. 76

3.6 Obligations Absolute 7677

3.7 Letter of Credit Payments 77

3.8 Applications 77

3.9 Interim Interest 77

3.10 Cash Collateral. 7778

 

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3.11 Additional Issuing Lenders 7879

3.12 Resignation of the Issuing Lender 79

3.13 Applicability of UCP and ISP 79

SECTION 4 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES 79

4.1 Financial Condition. 7980

4.2 No Change 80

4.3 Existence; Compliance with Law 80

4.4 Power, Authorization; Enforceable Obligations 80

4.5 No Legal Bar 81

4.6 Litigation 81

4.7 No Default 81

4.8 Ownership of Property; Liens; Investments 81

4.9 Intellectual Property 81

4.10 Taxes 81

4.11 Federal Regulations 8182

4.12 Labor Matters 82

4.13 ERISA 82

4.14 Investment Company Act; Other Regulations 83

4.15 Subsidiaries 83

4.16 Use of Proceeds 83

4.17 Environmental Matters 8384

4.18 Accuracy of Information, etc. 84

4.19 Security Documents. 85

4.20 Solvency 85

4.21 Regulation H 8586

4.22 Designated Senior Indebtedness 8586

4.23 Regulatory Matters. 86

4.24 Insurance 88

4.25 No Casualty 8889

4.26 [Reserved]. 8889

4.27 [Reserved] 8889

4.28 OFAC 8889

4.29 Anti-Corruption Laws 8889

SECTION 5 CONDITIONS PRECEDENT 89

5.1 Conditions to Effectiveness 89

5.2 Conditions to Initial Extension of Credit 90

5.3 Conditions to Each Extension of Credit 9293

5.4 Post-Closing Conditions Subsequent 9394

SECTION 6 AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS 94

6.1 Financial Statements 94

6.2 Certificates; Reports; Other Information 95

6.3 [Reserved]. 96

6.4 Payment of Obligations 96

6.5 Maintenance of Existence; Compliance 9697

6.6 Maintenance of Property; Insurance 97

6.7 Inspection of Property; Books and Records; Discussions 97

6.8 Notices. 97

 

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6.9 Environmental Laws. 9899

6.10 Operating Accounts 9899

6.11 [Reserved] 99

6.12 Additional Collateral, Etc. 99

6.13 Loan Party EBITDA Coverage 102

6.14 Use of Proceeds 102

6.15 Designated Senior Indebtedness 102

6.16 Anti-Corruption Laws; Sanctions 102

6.17 Further Assurances 102103

SECTION 7 NEGATIVE COVENANTS 102103

7.1 Financial Condition Covenants. 102103

7.2 Indebtedness 103104

7.3 Liens 105106

7.4 Fundamental Changes 106107

7.5 Disposition of Property 107108

7.6 Restricted Payments 108109

7.7 [Reserved]. 110111

7.8 Investments 110111

7.9 ERISA 113114

7.10 Payments and Modifications of Certain Preferred Stock and Debt Instruments. 113114

7.11 Transactions with Affiliates 114115

7.12 Sale Leaseback Transactions 114115

7.13 Swap Agreements 114115

7.14 Accounting Changes 114115

7.15 Negative Pledge Clauses 114115

7.16 Clauses Restricting Subsidiary Distributions 114115

7.17 Lines of Business 115116

7.18 [Reserved] 115116

7.19 [Reserved]. 115116

7.20 Amendments to Organizational Agreements. 115116

7.21 Use of Proceeds 115116

7.22 Subordinated Indebtedness. 116117

7.23 Anti-Terrorism Laws. 116117

7.24 Limitations on Morphormics, Inc. 116117

SECTION 8 EVENTS OF DEFAULT 116117

8.1 Events of Default 116117

8.2 Remedies Upon Event of Default 119120

8.3 Application of Funds 120121

SECTION 9 THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT 121122

9.1 Appointment and Authority. 121122

9.2 Delegation of Duties 122123

9.3 Exculpatory Provisions 122123

9.4 Reliance by Administrative Agent 123124

9.5 Notice of Default 123124

9.6 Non-Reliance on Administrative Agent and Other Lenders 124125

9.7 Indemnification 124125

 

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9.8 Agent in Its Individual Capacity 125126

9.9 Successor Administrative Agent. 125126

9.10 Collateral and Guaranty Matters 126127

9.11 Administrative Agent May File Proofs of Claim 127128

9.12 No Other Duties, etc 128129

9.13 Cash Management Bank and Qualified Counterparty Reports 128129

9.14 Erroneous Payments 128129

9.15 Certain ERISA Matters. 130131

9.16 Survival 131132

SECTION 10 MISCELLANEOUS 131132

10.1 Amendments and Waivers. 131132

10.2 Notices 133134

10.3 No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies 135136

10.4 Survival of Representations and Warranties 135136

10.5 Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver. 135136

10.6 Successors and Assigns; Participations and Assignments. 137138

10.7 Adjustments; Set-off. 141142

10.8 Payments Set Aside 142143

10.9 Interest Rate Limitation 142143

10.10 Counterparts; Electronic Execution of Assignments. 142143

10.11 Severability 143144

10.12 Integration 143144

10.13 GOVERNING LAW 143144

10.14 Submission to Jurisdiction; Waivers 143144

10.15 Acknowledgements 144145

10.16 Releases of Guarantees and Liens. 145146

10.17 Treatment of Certain Information; Confidentiality 145146

10.18 Automatic Debits 146147

10.19 Judgment Currency 146147

10.20 Patriot Act; Other Regulations 147148

10.21 Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of Affected Financial Institutions 147148

10.22 Acknowledgement Regarding Any Supported QFCs 147148

 

 

 

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Schedules

Schedule 1.1A: Commitments

Schedule 1.1B Existing Letters of Credit

Schedule 4.4: Governmental Approvals, Consents, Authorizations, Filings and Notices

Schedule 4.13: ERISA Plans

Schedule 4.15: Subsidiaries

Schedule 4.17: Environmental Matters

Schedule 4.19(a): Financing Statements and Other Filings

Schedule 7.2(d): Product Recalls and Market Withdrawals

Schedule 7.2(d): Existing Indebtedness

Schedule 7.3(f): Existing Liens

Exhibits

Exhibit A: Form of Guarantee and Collateral Agreement

Exhibit B: Form of Compliance Certificate

Exhibit C: Form of Secretary’s/Managing Member’s Certificate

Exhibit D: Form of Solvency Certificate

Exhibit E: Form of Assignment and Assumption

Exhibits F-1 – F-4: Forms of U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate

Exhibit G: [Reserved]

Exhibit H-1: Form of Revolving Loan Note

Exhibit H-2: Form of Swingline Loan Note

Exhibit H-3: Form of Term Loan Note

Exhibit I: [Reserved]

Exhibit J: Form of Collateral Information Certificate

Exhibit K: Form of Notice of Borrowing

Exhibit L: Form of Notice of Conversion/Continuation

 

 

 

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CREDIT AGREEMENT

THIS Credit Agreement (this “Agreement”), dated as of May 6, 2021, is entered into by and among ACCURAY INCORPORATED, a Delaware corporation (the “Borrower”), the several banks and other financial institutions or entities from time to time party to this Agreement (each a “Lender” and, collectively, the “Lenders”), SILICON VALLEY BANK (“SVB”), as the Issuing Lender and the Swingline Lender, and SVB, as administrative agent and collateral agent for the Lenders (in such capacities, together with any successors and assigns in such capacities, the “Administrative Agent”).

recitals:

WHEREAS, the Borrower desires to obtain financing to refinance (x) the Existing Credit Facilities (as defined below) and (y) a substantial portion of the Borrower’s 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due July 15, 2022 (the “2022 Notes” (which term shall include any permitted refinancing thereof)), as well as for working capital financing, letter of credit facilities and other general corporate purposes;

Whereas, the Lenders have agreed to extend certain credit facilities to the Borrower, upon the terms and conditions specified in this Agreement, in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $120,000,000, consisting of a term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of $80,000,000, and a revolving loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $40,000,000, including a letter of credit sub-facility in the aggregate availability amount of $5,000,000 (as a sublimit of the revolving loan facility); and a swingline sub-facility in the aggregate availability amount of $5,000,000 (as a sublimit of the revolving loan facility);

WHEREAS, the Borrower has agreed to secure all of its Obligations by granting to the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a first priority lien on substantially all of its assets; and

WHEREAS, each of the Guarantors has agreed to guarantee the Obligations of the Borrower and to secure its respective Obligations in respect of such guarantee by granting to the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a first priority lien on substantially all of its assets.

Now, Therefore, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

. As used in this Agreement (including the recitals hereof), the terms listed in this Section 1.1 shall have the respective meanings set forth in this Section 1.1.

“2022 Notes”: as defined in the Recitals hereto.

“2026 Notes”: the 3.75% convertible senior notes due June 1, 2026, issued pursuant to the indenture, to be dated on or about the Closing Date, between the Borrower and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, in an original principal amount of $100,000,000.

“ABR”: for any day, a rate per annum equal to the highest of (a) the Prime Rate in effect on such day, (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect foron such day plus 0.50% or (c) the Eurodollar RateAdjusted Term SOFR for a one-month tenor in effect on such day (taking into account the Floor set forth in the definition of “Adjusted Term SOFR”) plus 1%. Any change in the ABR due to a change in any of the Prime Rate, the Federal Funds Effective Rate or the Eurodollar RateAdjusted Term SOFR, as the case may be, shall be effective as of the opening of business on the effective day of the change in such rates.

“ABR Loans”: Loans, the rate of interest applicable to which is based upon the ABR.

“ABR Term SOFR Determination Day”: as defined in the definition of “Term SOFR”.

 

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“Adjusted Term SOFR”: for purposes of any calculation, the rate per annum equal to (a) Term SOFR for such calculation plus (b) the Term SOFR Adjustment; provided that if Adjusted Term SOFR as so determined shall ever be less than the Floor, then Adjusted Term SOFR shall be deemed to be the Floor.

“Administrative Agent”: SVB, as the administrative agent under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, together with any of its successors in such capacity.

“Affected Financial Institution”: (a) any EEA Financial Institution or (b) any UK Financial Institution.

“Affected Lender”: as defined in Section 2.23.

“Affiliate”: with respect to a specified Person, another Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls or is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Person specified; provided that, neither the Administrative Agent nor the Lenders shall be deemed Affiliates of the Loan Parties as a result of the exercise of their rights and remedies under the Loan Documents.

“Agent Parties”: as defined in Section 10.2(c)(ii).

“Aggregate Exposure”: with respect to any Lender at any time, an amount equal to the sum of (a) without duplication of clause (b), the aggregate then unpaid principal amount of such Lender’s Term Loans, (b) without duplication of clause (a), the aggregate amount of such Lender’s Term Commitments then in effect, (c) the amount of such Lender’s Revolving Commitment then in effect or, if the Revolving Commitments have been terminated, the amount of such Lender’s Revolving Extensions of Credit then outstanding, and (d) without duplication of clause (b), the L/C Commitment of such Lender then in effect (as a sublimit of the Revolving Commitment of such Lender).

“Aggregate Exposure Percentage”: with respect to any Lender at any time, the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of such Lender’s Aggregate Exposure at such time to the Aggregate Exposure of all Lenders at such time.

“Agreement”: as defined in the preamble hereto.

“Agreement Currency”: as defined in Section 10.19.

“Applicable Margin”: initially, the rates per annum corresponding to Level II in the tables below; provided that commencing on the date on which the Administrative Agent receives copies of the consolidated financial statements of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in respect of the fiscal quarter of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries ending June 30, 2021, together with a Compliance Certificate in respect thereof as contemplated by Section 6.2(b), “Applicable Margin” shall mean the rate per annum set forth under the relevant column heading below:

TERM LOANS AND REVOLVING LOANS

Level	Consolidated Senior Net Leverage Ratio	EurodollarSOFR Loans	ABR Loans/Swingline Loans	Commitment Fee Rate
I	≥3.00: 1.00	3.25%	2.25%	0.40%
II	≥ 2.00:1.00 but < 3.00:1.00	3.00%	2.00%	0.35%
III	≥1.00:1.00 but < 2.00:1.00	2.75%	1.75%	0.30%
IV	<1.00:1.00	2.50%	1.50%	0.25%

 

 

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Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) if the financial statements required by Section 6.1 and the related Compliance Certificate required by Section 6.2(b) are not delivered by the respective date required thereunder after the end of any related fiscal quarter of the Borrower, the Applicable Margin shall be the rates corresponding to Level I in the foregoing tables until such financial statements and Compliance Certificate are delivered, and (b) no reduction to the Applicable Margin shall become effective at any time when an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

If, as a result of any restatement of or other adjustment to the financial statements of the Loan Parties or for any other reason, the Administrative Agent determines that (x) the Consolidated Senior Net Leverage Ratio as calculated by the Borrower as of any applicable date was inaccurate and (y) a proper calculation of the Consolidated Senior Net Leverage Ratio would have resulted in different pricing for any period, then (i) if the proper calculation of the Consolidated Senior Net Leverage Ratio would have resulted in higher pricing for such period, the Borrower shall automatically and retroactively be obligated to pay to the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the applicable Lenders, promptly on demand by the Administrative Agent, an amount equal to the excess of the amount of interest and fees that should have been paid for such period over the amount of interest and fees actually paid for such period; and (ii) if the proper calculation of the Consolidated Senior Net Leverage Ratio would have resulted in lower pricing for such period, neither the Administrative Agent nor any Lender shall have any obligation to repay any interest or fees to the Borrower.

“Application”: an application, in such form as the Issuing Lender may specify from time to time, requesting the Issuing Lender to issue a Letter of Credit.

“Approved Fund”: any Fund that is administered or managed by (a) a Lender, (b) an Affiliate of a Lender, or (c) an entity or an Affiliate of an entity that administers or manages a Lender.

“Asset Sale”: any Disposition of property or series of related Dispositions of property (excluding any such Disposition of property permitted by clauses (a) through (l) and (o) through (q) of Section 7.5) that yields gross proceeds to any Group Member (valued at the initial principal amount thereof in the case of non-cash proceeds consisting of notes or other debt securities and valued at fair market value in the case of other non-cash proceeds) in excess of $5,000,000.

“Assignment and Assumption”: an assignment and assumption entered into by a Lender and an Eligible Assignee (with the consent of any party whose consent is required by Section 10.6), and accepted by the Administrative Agent, in substantially the form of Exhibit E or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.

“Available Revolving Commitment”: at any time, an amount equal to (a) the Total Revolving Commitments in effect at such time, minus (b) the aggregate undrawn amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit at such time, minus (c) the aggregate amount of all L/C Disbursements that have not yet been reimbursed or converted into Revolving Loans at such time, minus (d) the aggregate principal balance of any Revolving Loans outstanding at such time.

“Available Tenor”: as of any date of determination and with respect to the then-current Benchmark, as applicable, (x) if such Benchmark is a term rate, any tenor for such Benchmark (or payment period for interest calculated with reference to such Benchmark, as applicable,component thereof) that is or may be used for determining the length of an Interest Periodinterest period pursuant to this Agreement or (y) otherwise, any payment period for interest calculated with reference to such Benchmark (or component thereof) that is or may be used for determining any frequency of making payments of interest calculated with reference to such Benchmark pursuant to this Agreement, in each case, as of such date and not including, for the avoidance of doubt, any tenor for such Benchmark that is then-removed from the definition of “Interest Period” pursuant to Section 2.17(b)(iv).

“Bail-In Action”: the exercise of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable Resolution Authority in respect of any liability of an Affected Financial Institution.

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“Bail-In Legislation”: (a) with respect to any EEA Member Country implementing Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, the implementing law, regulation, rule or requirement for such EEA Member Country from time to time which is described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, Part I of the United Kingdom Banking Act 2009 (as amended from time to time) and any other law, regulation or rule applicable in the United Kingdom relating to the resolution of unsound or failing banks, investment firms or other financial institutions or their affiliates (other than through liquidation, administration or other Insolvency Proceedings).

“Bankruptcy Code”: Title 11 of the United States Code entitled “Bankruptcy.”

“Benchmark”: initially, the EurodollarTerm SOFR Reference Rate; provided that if a Benchmark Transition Event, a Term SOFR Transition Event, or an Early Opt-in Election, as applicable, and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have has occurred with respect to the EurodollarTerm SOFR Reference Rate or the then-current Benchmark, then “Benchmark” means the applicable Benchmark Replacement to the extent that such Benchmark Replacement has replaced such prior benchmark rate pursuant to Section 2.17(b)(i).

“Benchmark Replacement”: (a) for any Available Tenorwith respect to any Benchmark Transition Event, the first alternative set forth in the order below that can be determined by the Administrative Agent for the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date:

(i) the sum of: (A) Term SOFR and (B) the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment;

(iia) the sum of: (Ai) Daily Simple SOFR and (B)ii) the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment; or

(iiib) the sum of: (A)i) the alternate benchmark rate that has been selected by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower as the replacement for the then-current Benchmark for the applicable Corresponding Tenor giving due consideration to (xA) any selection or recommendation of a replacement benchmark rate or the mechanism for determining such a rate by the Relevant Governmental Body or (yB) any evolving or then-prevailing market convention for determining a benchmark rate as a replacement forto the then-current Benchmark for Dollar-denominated syndicated credit facilities at such time and (Bii) the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment; .

provided that, in the case of clause (i), such Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement is displayed on a screen or other information service that publishes such rate from time to time as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion.

(b) With respect to any Term SOFR Transition Event, the sum of: (i) Term SOFR and (ii) the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment. If the Benchmark Replacement as determined pursuant to clause (a) or (b) above would be less than the Floor, the Benchmark Replacement will be deemed to be the Floor for the purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.

“Benchmark Replacement Adjustment”: with respect to any replacement of the then current Benchmark with an Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement for any applicable Interest Period and Available Tenor for any setting of such Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement:

(a) for purposes of clauses (a)(i) and (ii) or (b) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement,” the first alternative set forth in the order below that can be determined by the Administrative Agent:

(i) the spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) as of the Reference Time such Benchmark Replacement is first set for such Interest Period that has been selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body for the replacement of such Benchmark

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with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement for the applicable Corresponding Tenor;

(ii) the spread adjustment (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) as of the Reference Time such Benchmark Replacement is first set for such Interest Period that would apply to the fallback rate for a derivative transaction referencing the ISDA Definitions to be effective upon an index cessation event with respect to such Benchmark for the applicable Corresponding Tenor; and

(b) for purposes of clause (a)(iii) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement,” Adjustment”: with respect to any replacement of the then current Benchmark with an Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement, the spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) that has been selected by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower for the applicable Corresponding Tenor giving due consideration to (ia) any selection or recommendation of a spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, for the replacement of such Benchmark with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement by the Relevant Governmental Body on the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date or (iib) any evolving or then-prevailing market convention for determining a spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, for the replacement of such Benchmark with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement for Dollar denominatedDollar-denominated syndicated credit facilities; at such time.

provided that, in the case of clause (a) above, such adjustment is displayed on a screen or other information service that publishes such Benchmark Replacement Adjustment from time to time as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion.

“Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes”: with respect to any Benchmark Replacement, any technical, administrative or operational changes (including changes to the definition of “ABR,” the definition of “Business Day,” the definition of “Interest Period,” timing and frequency of determining rates and making payments of interest, timing of borrowing requests or prepayment, conversion or continuation notices, length of lookback periods, the applicability of breakage provisions, and other technical, administrative or operational matters) that the Administrative Agent decides may be appropriate to reflect the adoption and implementation of such Benchmark Replacement and to permit the administration thereof by the Administrative Agent in a manner substantially consistent with market practice (or, if the Administrative Agent decides that adoption of any portion of such market practice is not administratively feasible or if the Administrative Agent determines that no market practice for the administration of such Benchmark Replacement exists, in such other manner of administration as the Administrative Agent decides is reasonably necessary in connection with the administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents).

“Benchmark Replacement Date”: the earliest to occur of the following events with respect to the then-current Benchmark:

(a) in the case of clause (a) or (b) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the later of (i) the date of the public statement or publication of information referenced therein and (ii) the date on which the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) permanently or indefinitely ceases to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof); or

(b) in the case of clause (c) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,”, the first date of the public on which such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) has been determined and announced by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) to be non-representative; provided that such non-representativeness will be determined by reference to the most recent statement or

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publication of information referenced therein;in such clause (c) and even if any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) continues to be provided on such date.

(c) in the case of a Term SOFR Transition Event, the date that is thirty (30) days after the Administrative Agent has provided the Term SOFR Notice to the Lenders and the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.17(b)(i)(B); or

(d) in the case of an Early Opt-in Election, the sixth (6th) Business Day after the date notice of such Early Opt-in Election is provided to the Lenders, so long as the Administrative Agent has not received, by 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the fifth (5th) Business Day after the date notice of such Early Opt-in Election is provided to the Lenders, written notice of objection to such Early Opt-in Election from Lenders comprising the Required Lenders.

For the avoidance of doubt, (i) if the event giving rise to the the “Benchmark Replacement Date occurs on the same day as, but earlier than, the Reference Time in respect of any determination, the Benchmark Replacement Date will be deemed to have occurred prior to the Reference Time for such determination and (ii) the Benchmark Replacement Date” will be deemed to have occurred in the case of clause (a) or (b) with respect to any Benchmark upon the occurrence of the applicable event or events set forth therein with respect to all then-current Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof).

“Benchmark Transition Event”: the occurrence of one or more of the following events with respect to the then-current Benchmark:

(a) a public statement or publication of information by or on behalf of the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) announcing that such administrator has ceased or will cease to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof), permanently or indefinitely; provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof);

(b) a public statement or publication of information by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof), the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, an insolvency official with jurisdiction over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component), a resolution authority with jurisdiction over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component) or a court or an entity with similar insolvency or resolution authority over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component), which states that the administrator of such Benchmark (or such component) has ceased or will cease to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) permanently or indefinitely; provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof); or

(c) a public statement or publication of information by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) announcing that all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) are no longernot, or as of a specified future date will not be, representative.

For the avoidance of doubt, a “Benchmark Transition Event” will be deemed to have occurred with respect to any Benchmark if a public statement or publication of information set forth above has occurred with respect to each then-current Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof).

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“Benchmark Transition Start Date”: in the case of a Benchmark Transition Event, the earlier of (a) the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date and (b) if such Benchmark Transition Event is a public statement or publication of information of a prospective event, the 90th day prior to the expected date of such event as of such public statement or publication of information (or if the expected date of such prospective event is fewer than 90 days after such statement or publication, the date of such statement or publication).

“Benchmark Unavailability Period”: the period (if any) (x) beginning at the time that a Benchmark Replacement Date pursuant to clauses (a) or (b) of that definition has occurred if, at such time, no Benchmark Replacement has replaced the then-current Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in accordance with this Section titled “Benchmark Replacement Setting”2.17(b) and (y) ending at the time that a Benchmark Replacement has replaced the then-current Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in accordance with Section 2.17(b).

“Benefit Plan”: any of (a) an “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA) that is subject to Title I of ERISA, (b) a “plan” as defined in Section 4975 of the Code to which Section 4975 of the Code applies, and (c) any Person whose assets include (for purposes of the Plan Asset Regulations or otherwise for purposes of Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code) the assets of any such “employee benefit plan” or “plan”.

“Benefitted Lender”: as defined in Section 10.7(a).

“Blocked Person”: as defined in Section 7.23.

“Board”: the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States (or any successor).

“Borrower”: as defined in the preamble hereto.

“Borrowing”: a borrowing consisting of simultaneous Loans of the same Type and, in the case of a SOFR Borrowing, having the same Interest Period made by the Lenders.

“Borrowing Date”: any Business Day specified by the Borrower in a Notice of Borrowing as a date on which the Borrower requests the relevant Lenders to make Loans hereunder.

“Business”: as defined in Section 4.17(b).

“Business Day”: a day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in the State of New York or the State of California are authorized or required by law to close; provided that with respect to notices and determinations in connection with, and payments of principal and interest on, Eurodollar Loans, such day is also a day for trading by and between banks in Dollar deposits in the interbank eurodollar market..

“Capital Expenditures”: for any period, the aggregate of all expenditures during such period determined on a consolidated basis that, in accordance with GAAP, are or should be included in “purchase of property or equipment” or similar items reflected in the financial statements of the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries for such period.

“Capital Lease Obligations”: as to any Person, the obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under any lease of (or other arrangement conveying the right to use) real or personal property, or a combination thereof, which obligations are required to be classified and accounted for as capital leases on a balance sheet of such Person under GAAP and, for the purposes of this Agreement, the amount of such obligations at any time shall be the capitalized amount thereof at such time determined in accordance with GAAP; provided, that for all purposes hereunder, any obligations of such Person that would have been treated as operating leases in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 840 (regardless of whether or not then in effect) shall be treated as operating leases for purposes of all financial definitions, calculations and covenants, without giving effect to Accounting Standards Codification 842 requiring operating leases to be recharacterized or treated as capital leases.

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“Capital Stock”: with respect to any Person, all of the shares of capital stock of (or other ownership or profit interests in) such Person, all of the warrants, options or other rights for the purchase or acquisition from such Person of shares of capital stock of (or other ownership or profit interests in) such Person, all of the securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of (or other ownership or profit interests in) such Person or warrants, rights or options for the purchase or acquisition from such Person of such shares (or such other interests), and all of the other ownership or profit interests in such Person (including partnership, member or trust interests therein), whether voting or nonvoting, and whether or not such shares, warrants, options, rights or other interests are outstanding on any date of determination. For purposes of clarification, Convertible Indebtedness (including, but not limited to, Permitted Convertible Indebtedness) shall not constitute Capital Stock.

“Cash Collateralize”: to pledge and deposit with or deliver to (a) with respect to Obligations in respect of Letters of Credit, the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the Issuing Lender and one or more of the Lenders, as applicable, as collateral for L/C Exposure or obligations of the Lenders to fund participations in respect thereof, cash or deposit account balances or, if the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender shall agree in their sole discretion, other reasonably satisfactory credit support, in each case pursuant to documentation in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and such Issuing Lender; (b) unless otherwise waived (or reduced by) the applicable Cash Management Bank, with respect to Obligations arising under any Cash Management Agreement in connection with Cash Management Services, the applicable Cash Management Bank, for its own or any of its applicable Affiliate’s benefit, as provider of such Cash Management Services, cash or deposit account balances having an aggregate value of 103% of the aggregate Obligations arising under such Cash Management Agreement evidencing such Cash Management Services or, if the applicable Cash Management Bank shall agree in its sole discretion, other reasonably satisfactory credit support, in each case pursuant to documentation in form and substance satisfactory to such Cash Management Bank; or (c) unless otherwise waived by the applicable Qualified Counterparty with respect to Obligations in respect of any Specified Swap Agreements, the applicable Qualified Counterparty, as Collateral for such Obligations, cash or deposit account balances or, if such Qualified Counterparty shall agree in its sole discretion, other reasonably satisfactory credit support, in each case pursuant to documentation in form and substance satisfactory to such Qualified Counterparty. “Cash Collateral” shall have a meaning correlative to the foregoing and shall include the proceeds of such cash collateral and other credit support.

“Cash Equivalents”: (a) marketable direct obligations issued by, or unconditionally guaranteed by, the United States Government or issued by any agency thereof and backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, in each case maturing within one year from the date of acquisition; (b) certificates of deposit, time deposits, eurodollar time deposits or overnight bank deposits having maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition issued by any Lender or by any commercial bank organized under the laws of the United States or any state thereof having combined capital and surplus of not less than $250,000,000; (c) commercial paper of an issuer rated at least A-1 by S&P or P-1 by Moody’s, or carrying an equivalent rating by a nationally recognized rating agency, if both of the two named rating agencies cease publishing ratings of commercial paper issuers generally, and maturing within six (6) months from the date of acquisition; (d) repurchase obligations of any Lender or of any commercial bank satisfying the requirements of clause (b) of this definition, having a term of not more than thirty (30) days, with respect to securities issued or fully guaranteed or insured by the United States government; (e) securities with maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition issued or fully guaranteed by any state, commonwealth or territory of the United States, by any political subdivision or taxing authority of any such state, commonwealth or territory or by any foreign government, the securities of which state, commonwealth, territory, political subdivision, taxing authority or foreign government (as the case may be) are rated at least A by S&P or A by Moody’s; (f) securities with maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition backed by standby letters of credit issued by any Lender or any commercial bank satisfying the requirements of clause (b) of this definition; (g) money market mutual or similar funds that invest exclusively in assets satisfying the requirements of clauses (a) through (f) of this definition; (h) money market funds that (i) comply with the

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criteria set forth in SEC Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (ii) are rated AAA by S&P and Aaa by Moody’s and (iii) have portfolio assets of at least $5,000,000,000; (i) in the case of any Group Member organized or having its principal place of business outside the United States, investments denominated in the currency of the jurisdiction in which such Group member is organized or has its principal place of business which are similar and of comparable credit quality to the items specified in clauses (b) through (i) above; or (j) investments permitted by the Borrower’s board-approved investment policy as in effect on the Effective Date or as otherwise modified with the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld).

“Cash Management Agreement”: as defined in the definition of “Cash Management Services.”

“Cash Management Bank”: any Person that, at the time it enters into a Cash Management Agreement, is a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender, in its capacity as a party to such Cash Management Agreement.

“Cash Management Services”: cash management and other services provided to one or more of the Group Members by a Cash Management Bank which may include treasury, depository, return items, netting, overdraft, controlled disbursement, merchant store value cards, e‑payables services, electronic funds transfer, interstate depository network, automatic clearing house transfer (including the Automated Clearing House processing of electronic funds transfers through the direct Federal Reserve Fedline system), merchant services, direct deposit of payroll, employee credit card programs, business credit card (including so-called "purchase cards", "procurement cards" or "p‑cards"), credit card processing services, debit cards, stored value cards, check cashing services identified in such Cash Management Bank’s various cash management services or other similar agreements (each, a “Cash Management Agreement”).

“Casualty Event”: any damage to or any destruction of, or any condemnation or other taking by any Governmental Authority of any property of the Loan Parties.

“Certificated Securities”: as defined in Section 4.19(a).

“Change of Control”: (a) at any time, any “person” or “group” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) shall become, or obtain rights (whether by means of warrants, options or otherwise) to become, the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rules 13(d)-3 and 13(d)‑5 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of 35% or more of the ordinary voting power for the election of directors of the Borrower (determined on a fully diluted basis); (b) at any time except as permitted pursuant to Sections 7.4 (other than Section 7.4(b)(i)(B)) and 7.5 (other than Section 7.5(d)(iii)), Borrower shall cease to own and control, of record and beneficially, directly or indirectly, 100% of each class of outstanding Capital Stock of each other Loan Party free and clear of all Liens other than Liens permitted by Section 7.3 (except as a result of any disposition, liquidation or merger permitted hereunder; or (c) a “change of control,” “fundamental change” or any comparable term or similar event under any agreement governing Permitted Convertible Indebtedness or any other Indebtedness of the Group Members in an aggregate principal amount in excess of $5,000,000, in each case that permits the holder of such Indebtedness to require repayment, redemption, purchase, retirement, defeasance, sinking fund, settlement, conversion or similar payment with respect to all or part of the principal amount thereof prior to the scheduled maturity thereof.

“Closing Date”: the date on which all of the conditions precedent set forth in Section 5.2 are satisfied or waived by the Administrative Agent and, as applicable, the Lenders or the Required Lenders with respect to the initial extension of Term Loans and Revolving Commitments.

“Code”: the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

“Collateral”: all property of the Loan Parties, now owned or hereafter acquired, upon which a Lien is purported to be created by any Security Document. For the avoidance of doubt, no Excluded Asset shall constitute “Collateral”.

“Collateral Information Certificate”: the Collateral Information Certificate to be executed and delivered by the Borrower pursuant to Section 5.2, substantially in the form of Exhibit J.

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“Collateral-Related Expenses”: all reasonable costs and expenses of the Administrative Agent paid or incurred in connection with any sale, collection or other realization on the Collateral, including reasonable compensation to the Administrative Agent’s and its agents and counsel, and reimbursement for all other reasonable costs, expenses and liabilities and advances made or incurred by the Administrative Agent in connection therewith (including as described in Section 6.6 of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement), and all amounts for which the Administrative Agent is entitled to indemnification under the Security Documents and all advances made by the Administrative Agent under the Security Documents for the account of any Loan Party.

“Commitment”: as to any Lender, the sum of its Term Commitment and its Revolving Commitment.

“Commitment Fee Rate”: initially, the rates per annum corresponding to Level II in the table set forth under the relevant column set forth the definition of Applicable Margin; provided that commencing on the date on which the Administrative Agent receives copies of the consolidated financial statements of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in respect of the fiscal quarter of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries ending June 30, 2021, together with a Compliance Certificate in respect thereof as contemplated by Section 6.2(b), “Commitment Fee rate” shall mean the rate per annum set forth under the relevant column heading set forth in the definition of Applicable Margin.

“Commodity Exchange Act”: the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. Section 1 et seq.), as amended from time to time, and any successor statute.

“Communications”: as defined in Section 10.2(c)(ii).

“Compliance Certificate”: a certificate duly executed by a Responsible Officer substantially in the form of Exhibit B.

“Conforming Changes”: with respect to either the use or administration of any Benchmark or the use, administration, adoption or implementation of any Benchmark Replacement, any technical, administrative or operational changes (including changes to the definition of “ABR,” the definition of “Business Day,” the definition of “U.S. Government Securities Business Day,” the definition of “Interest Period” or any similar or analogous definition (or the addition of a concept of “interest period”), timing and frequency of determining rates and making payments of interest, timing of borrowing requests or prepayment, conversion or continuation notices, the applicability and length of lookback periods, the applicability of Section 2.21 and other technical, administrative or operational matters) that the Administrative Agent decides may be appropriate to reflect the adoption and implementation of any such rate or to permit the use and administration thereof by the Administrative Agent in a manner substantially consistent with market practice (or, if the Administrative Agent decides that adoption of any portion of such market practice is not administratively feasible or if the Administrative Agent determines that no market practice for the administration of any such rate exists, in such other manner of administration as the Administrative Agent decides is reasonably necessary in connection with the administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents).

“Connection Income Taxes”: Other Connection Taxes that are imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated) or that are franchise Taxes or branch profits Taxes.

“Consolidated Capital Expenditures”: for any period, with respect to the Group Members, the aggregate of all expenditures (whether paid in cash or other consideration or accrued as a liability and including that portion of Capital Lease Obligations which is capitalized on the consolidated balance sheet of the Group Members) by such Group Members during such period for the acquisition or leasing (pursuant to a capital lease) of fixed or capital assets or additions to equipment (including replacements, capitalized repairs and improvements during such period) that, in conformity with GAAP, are included in “additions to property, plant or equipment” or comparable items reflected in the consolidated statement of cash flows of the Group Members; provided that “Consolidated Capital Expenditures” shall not include (a) expenditures in respect of normal replacements and maintenance which are properly charged to current operations, (b) expenditures

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made in connection with the replacement, substitution or restoration of assets to the extent financed (i) from insurance proceeds paid on account of the loss of or damage to the assets being replaced or restored or (ii) with awards of compensation arising from the taking by eminent domain or condemnation of the assets being replaced, (c) expenditures made as a tenant as leasehold improvements during such period to the extent reimbursed by the landlord during such period, (d) expenditures for replacements, restorations or substitutions for assets to the extent made with the net cash proceeds of a Disposition permitted by Section 7.5, (e) expenditures for any asset acquired in exchange for an existing asset (but only to the extent of the value of such existing asset), (f) expenditures that constitute a Permitted Acquisition, (g) expenditures made during such period to the extent made with the identifiable proceeds of a substantially contemporaneous issuance of equity by the Borrower, or (h) expenditures that, pursuant to a written agreement, are reimbursed (or reimbursable and reasonably expected to be received in cash within 120 days of the last day of such period) by a third Person (excluding a Group Member).

“Consolidated EBITDA”: with respect to the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries for any period,

(a) Consolidated Net Income, plus

(b) the sum, without duplication, of the amounts for such period but solely to the extent deducted in calculating Consolidated Net Income, for such period of:

(i) Consolidated Interest Expense, plus

(ii) provisions for taxes based on income, profits and capital gain and franchise taxes, plus

(iii) total depreciation expense, plus

(iv) total amortization expense, plus

(v) other non‑cash items reducing Consolidated Net Income (excluding any such non‑cash item to the extent that it represents an accrual or reserve for potential cash items in any future period or amortization of a prepaid cash item that was paid in a prior period), plus

(vi) losses in connection with casualty events to the extent covered by insurance with respect to which the applicable insurer has assumed responsibility (without regard to proceeds of business interruption insurance), plus

(vii) costs and expenses relating to the Loan Documents, the refinancing of the Existing Credit Facility, the retirement or exchange of the 2022 Notes and the incurrence of the 2026 Notes, plus

(viii) other extraordinary, unusual or nonrecurring losses, charges or expenses approved by the Administrative Agent in writing as an ‘add back’ to Consolidated EBITDA (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), plus

(ix) non-cash charges for employee compensation plans (including stock option compensation), plus

(x) one-time expenses attributable to the procurement and implementation of a new enterprise resource planning system in an amount not to exceed $2,000,000 in any trailing four quarter period and $4,000,000 during the term of this Agreement, plus

(xi) the amount of pro forma “run rate” cost savings (including cost savings with respect to salary, benefit and other direct savings resulting from workforce reductions and facility, benefit and insurance savings and any savings expected to result from the elimination of a public target’s Public Company Costs) and operating expense reductions attributable to operating improvements, strategic initiatives, synergies or other actions actually taken (it is understood and agreed that “run rate” means the full recurring benefit for a period that is associated with any action actually taken, net of the amount of actual benefits realized during such period from such actions) that are projected by the Borrower in good faith to be realized within 12 months of the last day of such period

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(including from any actions taken in whole or in part prior to such date), which will be added to Consolidated EBITDA as so projected until fully realized and calculated on a pro forma basis as though such cost savings (including cost savings with respect to salary, benefit and other direct savings resulting from workforce reductions and facility, benefit and insurance savings and any savings expected to result from the elimination of a public target’s Public Company Costs) and operating expense reductions had been realized on the first day of such period, in each case, net of the amount of actual benefits realized prior to or during such period from such actions; provided that such cost savings are reasonably identifiable and factually supportable (in the good faith determination of the Borrower); and provided further that (A) the aggregate amount added back pursuant to this clause (xi) and clause (xii) below shall not exceed for any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters, an amount equal to 12.5% of Consolidated EBITDA for such period (calculated prior to giving effect to any such adjustments), (B) no such amounts added back pursuant to this clause (xi) shall be duplicative of any expense or charges otherwise added back to Consolidated EBITDA, whether through a pro forma adjustment or otherwise, for such period and (C) no adjustments pursuant to this clause (xi) may be attributable to the implementation of the Group Member’s new enterprise resource planning system, plus

(xii) the amount of any restructuring charge, accrual, reserve (and adjustments to existing reserves) or expense, integration cost, inventory optimization programs or other business optimization expense or cost (including charges directly related to the implementation of cost-savings initiatives and tax restructurings) that is deducted (and not added back) in such period in computing Consolidated Net Income, including any such costs incurred in connection with acquisitions or divestitures after the Closing Date, any severance, retention, signing bonuses, relocation, recruiting and other employee related costs, costs in respect of strategic initiatives and curtailments or modifications to pension and post-retirement employment benefit plans (including any settlement of pension liabilities), costs related to entry into new markets (including unused warehouse space costs) and new product introductions (including labor costs, scrap costs and lower absorption of costs, including due to decreased productivity and greater inefficiencies), systems development and establishment costs, operational and reporting systems, technology initiatives, contract termination costs, future lease commitments and costs related to the opening and closure and/or consolidation of facilities (including severance, rent termination, moving and legal costs) and to exiting lines of business and consulting fees incurred with any of the foregoing; provided that the aggregate amount added back pursuant to this clause (xii) and clause (xi) above shall not exceed for any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters, an amount equal to 12.5% of Consolidated EBITDA for such period (calculated prior to giving effect to any such adjustments), plus

(xiii) Public Company Costs paid in cash during such period, plus

(xiv) proceeds from business interruption insurance received during such period (to the extent not reflected as revenue or income in Consolidated Net Income and to the extent that the related loss was deducted in the determination of Consolidated Net Income), plus

(xv) any fees, costs, expenses or charges related to any actual, proposed or contemplated issuance of Capital Stock, Investment, acquisition, disposition outside of the ordinary course of business, recapitalization or the incurrence of Indebtedness permitted to be incurred hereunder (including a refinancing thereof) (whether or not successful and including any such transaction consummated prior to the Closing Date), including (i) such fees, expenses or charges (including rating agency fees, consulting fees and other related expenses and/or letter of credit or similar fees) related to the offering or incurrence of, or ongoing administration, of the Permitted Convertible Indebtedness, this Agreement, any other credit facilities, and (ii) any amendment, waiver or other modification of the Permitted Convertible Indebtedness, this Agreement, any other Indebtedness or any issuance of Capital Stock, in each case, whether or not consummated, to the extent deducted (and not added back) in computing Consolidated Net Income, plus

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(xvi) contingent obligations, purchase price adjustments, milestone payments, earn-out payments and indemnity obligations incurred in connection with any Permitted Acquisition, minus

(c) the sum, without duplication of the amounts for such period of:

(i) non‑cash items increasing Consolidated Net Income for such period (excluding any such non‑cash item to the extent it represents the reversal of an accrual or reserve for potential cash item in any prior period), plus

(ii) interest income increasing Consolidated Net Income for such period, plus

(iii) capitalized software development costs (other than those with respect to the Group Member’s enterprise resource planning system in an amount not to exceed $10,000,000 during the term of this Agreement) and capitalized sales commissions less current amortized sales commission from prior capitalized commissions;

provided that, without duplication of any adjustment set forth above, Consolidated EBITDA for any period shall be determined on a Pro Forma Basis to give effect to any Permitted Acquisitions or any similar permitted Investment or any disposition of any business or assets consummated during such period, in each case as if such transaction occurred on the first day of such period and in accordance with Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC.

The parties hereto agree that Consolidated EBITDA for the fiscal quarter ending (i) on June 30, 2020 is $10,005,000 (ii) on September 30, 2020 is $9,033,000 (iii) on December 31, 2020 is $13,513,000 and (iv) on March 31, 2021 is $8,717,000.

Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio”: with respect to the Group Members for any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters, the ratio of (a) the sum of (i) Consolidated EBITDA for such period minus (ii) the portion of taxes based on income actually paid in cash (net of any cash refunds received) during such period (including for purposes hereof, tax distributions made during such period) minus (iii) Consolidated Capital Expenditures (including capitalized software development costs only to the extent not deducted in calculating Consolidated EBITDA but excluding the principal amount of Consolidated Capital Expenditures funded with the Loans not to exceed (i) $3,000,000 for any trailing four quarter period ending between September 30, 2022 through December 31, 2022, (ii) $6,000,000 for the trailing four quarter period ending March 31, 2023, (iii) $8,000,000 for the trailing four quarter period ending June 30, 2023, and (iv) an unlimited amount thereafter, in each case, incurred in connection with such expenditures) minus (iv) cash dividends, management fees, distributions (other than tax distributions) and other Restricted Payments paid to any Person that is not a Loan Party during such period to (b) Consolidated Fixed Charges for such period.

“Consolidated Fixed Charges”: with respect to the Group Members for any period, the sum (without duplication) of (a) Consolidated Interest Expense for such period, plus (b) scheduled payments made during such period on account of principal of Indebtedness of the Group Members (including scheduled principal payments in respect of the Term Loans but excluding any repayments of Revolving Loans to the extent not accompanied by a concurrent and permanent reduction of the Revolving Commitment, repayments of Permitted Convertible Indebtedness, mandatory prepayments required by Section 2.12 and repayments of any intercompany Investments); provided that, for the fiscal quarter ending (x) September 30, 2021, the amount of Consolidated Fixed Charges for such fiscal quarter shall be the amount of Consolidated Fixed Charges for such fiscal quarter multiplied by 4, (y) December 31, 2021, the amount of Consolidated Fixed Charges for such fiscal quarter shall be the sum of the amount of Consolidated Fixed Charges for such fiscal quarter plus the amount of Consolidated Fixed Charges for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2021 multiplied by 2, and (z) March 31, 2022, the amount of Consolidated Fixed Charges for such fiscal quarter shall be the sum of the amount of Consolidated Fixed Charges for the fiscal quarters ending September 30, 2021, December 31, 2021 and March 31, 2022 multiplied by 4/3.

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“Consolidated Interest Expense”: for any period, total interest cash expense (including that attributable to Capital Lease Obligations) of the Group Members for such period with respect to all outstanding Indebtedness of such Persons (including all commissions, discounts and other fees and charges owed with respect to letters of credit and bankers’ acceptance financing and net costs under Swap Agreements in respect of interest rates to the extent such net costs are allocable to such period in accordance with GAAP).

“Consolidated Net Income”: for any period, the consolidated net income (or loss) of the Group Members, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP; provided that there shall be excluded from the calculation of “Consolidated Net Income” (a) the income (or deficit) of any such Person accrued prior to the date it becomes a Subsidiary of the Borrower or is merged into or consolidated with a Group Member, (b) the income (or deficit) of any such Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Borrower) in which a Group Member has an ownership interest, except to the extent that any such income is actually received by a Group Member in the form of dividends or similar distributions, and (c) the undistributed earnings of any Subsidiary of the Borrower to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions by such Subsidiary is not at the time permitted by the terms of any Contractual Obligation (other than under any Loan Document) or Requirement of Law applicable to such Subsidiary.

“Consolidated Senior Indebtedness”: as of any date of determination, all Consolidated Total Indebtedness, but excluding Subordinated Indebtedness and Permitted Convertible Indebtedness.

“Consolidated Senior Net Leverage Ratio”: as at the last day of any period of twelve (12) consecutive months, the ratio of (a) the Consolidated Senior Indebtedness on such day minus up to $25,000,000 of Qualified Cash to (b) the Consolidated EBITDA for such period.

“Consolidated Total Indebtedness”: as of any date of determination, all Indebtedness of the Group Members, including, without limitation Indebtedness in respect of borrowed money, undrawn Letters of Credit, all drawn Letters of Credit for which the drawing thereunder has not been reimbursed, all Capital Lease Obligations, and the outstanding amount of any earn outs, hold backs and other obligations for deferred payments of consideration with respect to Permitted Acquisitions to the extent such obligations have become a liability on the balance sheet of the Group Members in accordance with GAAP.

“Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio”: as at the last day of any period of twelve (12) consecutive months, the ratio of (a) the Consolidated Total Indebtedness on such day minus up to $25,000,000 of Qualified Cash to (b) the Consolidated EBITDA for such period.

“Contract”: any contract, agreement, indenture, note, bond, loan, instrument, guarantee, deed, mortgage, lease, sublease, license, sublicense, other arrangement or agreement or undertaking (whether written, electronic or oral and whether express or implied) that is or purports by its terms to be legally binding, and including all amendments thereto.

“Contractual Obligation”: as to any Person, obligation under any Contract.

“Control Investment Affiliate”: as to any Person, any other Person that (a) directly or indirectly, is in Control of, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such Person and (b) is organized by such Person primarily for the purpose of making equity or debt investments in one or more companies.

“Control”: the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise. “Controlling” and “Controlled” have meanings correlative thereto.

“Control Agreement”: any account control agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent entered into among the depository institution at which a Loan Party maintains a Deposit Account or the securities intermediary at which a Loan Party maintains a Securities Account, such Loan Party, and the Administrative Agent pursuant to which the Administrative Agent obtains springing control (within the meaning of the UCC or any other applicable law) over such Deposit Account or Securities Account.

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“Convertible Indebtedness”: Indebtedness (including Permitted Convertible Indebtedness), the terms of which provide for conversion into or exchange for Capital Stock, cash or a combination thereof (or other reference property).

“Corresponding Tenor”: with respect to any Available Tenor means, as applicable, either a tenor (including overnight) or an interest payment period having approximately the same length (disregarding business day adjustment) as such Available Tenor.

“Daily Simple SOFR”: for any day, SOFR, with the conventions for this rate (which will include a lookback) being established by the Administrative Agent in accordance with the conventions for this rate selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body for determining “Daily Simple SOFR” for syndicated business loans; provided, that if the Administrative Agent decides that any such convention is not administratively feasible for the Administrative Agent, then the Administrative Agent may establish another convention in its reasonable discretion. (a “SOFR Rate Day”), a rate per annum equal to the greater of (a) SOFR for the day (such day a “SOFR Determination Day”) that is five (5) U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to (i) if such SOFR Rate Day is a U.S. Government Securities Business Day, such SOFR Rate Day or (ii) if such SOFR Rate Day is not a U.S. Government Securities Business Day, the U.S. Government Securities Business Day immediately preceding such SOFR Rate Day, in each case, as such SOFR is published by the SOFR Administrator on the SOFR Administrator’s Website, and (b) the Floor. If by 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the second (2nd) U.S. Government Securities Business Day immediately following any SOFR Determination Day, SOFR in respect of such SOFR Determination Day has not been published on the SOFR Administrator’s Website and a Benchmark Replacement Date with respect to the Daily Simple SOFR has not occurred, then SOFR for such SOFR Determination Day will be SOFR as published in respect of the first preceding U.S. Government Securities Business Day for which such SOFR was published on the SOFR Administrator’s Website; provided that any SOFR determined pursuant to this sentence shall be utilized for purposes of calculation of Daily Simple SOFR for no more than three (3) consecutive SOFR Rate Days. Any change in Daily Simple SOFR due to a change in SOFR shall be effective from and including the effective date of such change in SOFR without notice to the Borrower.

“Debtor Relief Laws”: the Bankruptcy Code, and all other liquidation, conservatorship, bankruptcy, assignment for the benefit of creditors, moratorium, rearrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, or similar debtor relief laws of the United States or other applicable jurisdictions from time to time in effect.

“Declined Amount”: as defined in Section 2.12(e).

“Default”: any of the events specified in Section 8.1, whether or not any requirement for the giving of notice, the lapse of time, or both, has been satisfied.

“Default Rate”: as defined in Section 2.15(c).

“Defaulting Lender”: subject to Section 2.24(b), any Lender that (a) has failed to (i) fund all or any portion of its Loans within two (2) Business Days of the date such Loans were required to be funded hereunder unless such Lender notifies the Administrative Agent and the Borrower in writing that such failure is the result of such Lender’s reasonable determination that one or more conditions precedent to funding (each of which conditions precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing) has not been satisfied, or (ii) pay to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, the Swingline Lender or any other Lender any other amount required to be paid by it hereunder (including in respect of its participation in Letters of Credit or Swingline Loans) within two (2) Business Days of the date when due, (b) has notified the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender or the Swingline Lender in writing that it does not intend to comply with its funding obligations hereunder, or has made a public statement to that effect (unless such writing or public statement relates to such Lender’s obligation to fund a Loan hereunder and states that such position is based on such Lender’s reasonable determination that a

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condition precedent to funding (which condition precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing or public statement) cannot be satisfied), (c) has failed, within three (3) Business Days after written request by the Administrative Agent or the Borrower, to confirm in writing to the Administrative Agent and the Borrower that it will comply with its prospective funding obligations hereunder (provided that such Lender shall cease to be a Defaulting Lender pursuant to this clause (c) upon receipt of such written confirmation by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower), or (d) has, or has a direct or indirect parent company that has, (i) become the subject of a proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law, (ii) become the subject of a Bail-In Action or (iii) had appointed for it a receiver, custodian, conservator, trustee, administrator, assignee for the benefit of creditors or similar Person charged with reorganization or liquidation of its business or assets, including the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other state or federal regulatory authority acting in such a capacity; provided that a Lender shall not be a Defaulting Lender solely by virtue of the ownership or acquisition of any equity interest in that Lender or any direct or indirect parent company thereof by a Governmental Authority so long as such ownership interest does not result in or provide such Lender with immunity from the jurisdiction of courts within the United States or from the enforcement of judgments or writs of attachment on its assets or permit such Lender (or such Governmental Authority) to reject, repudiate, disavow or disaffirm any contracts or agreements made with such Lender. Any determination by the Administrative Agent that a Lender is a Defaulting Lender under any one or more of clauses (a) through (d) above shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error, and such Lender shall be deemed to be a Defaulting Lender (subject to Section 2.24(b)) upon delivery of written notice of such determination to the Borrower, the Issuing Lender, the Swingline Lender and each Lender.

“Deposit Account”: any “deposit account” as defined in the UCC with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made.

“Deposit Account Control Agreement”: any Control Agreement entered into by the Administrative Agent, a Loan Party and a financial institution holding a Deposit Account of such Loan Party pursuant to which the Administrative Agent is granted “springing control” (for purposes of the UCC) over such Deposit Account.

“Designated Jurisdiction”: any country or territory to the extent that such country or territory itself is the subject of any Sanction.

“Determination Date”: as defined in the definition of “Pro Forma Basis”.

"Device": any instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, in vitro reagent, or other similar or related article, including any component, part, or accessory, which is (a) recognized in the official National Formulary, or the United States Pharmacopeia, or any supplement to them, (b) intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, in man or other animals, (c) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals; and which does not achieve its primary intended purposes through chemical action within or on the body of man or other animals and which is not dependent upon being metabolized for the achievement of its primary intended purposes, or (d) any product otherwise classified as a "device" under the FD&C Act.

"Device Approval Application": with respect to any Device, a premarket approval application (PMA) submitted under Section 515 of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. § 360e), a de novo request submitted under Section 513(f) of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. § 360c(f)), or premarket notification submitted under Section 510(k) of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. § 360(k)), or any corresponding foreign application.

“Discharge of Obligations”: subject to Section 10.8, the satisfaction of the Obligations (including all such Obligations relating to Cash Management Services) by the payment in full, in cash (or, as applicable, Cash Collateralization in accordance with the terms hereof or as otherwise may be reasonably satisfactory to the applicable Cash Management Bank or Qualified Counterparty) of the principal of and interest on or other

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liabilities relating to each Loan and any previously provided Cash Management Services, all fees and all other expenses or amounts payable under any Loan Document (other than inchoate indemnification obligations and any other obligations which pursuant to the terms of any Loan Document specifically survive repayment of the Loans for which no claim has been made), and other Obligations under or in respect of Specified Swap Agreements and Cash Management Services, to the extent (a) any such Obligations in respect of Specified Swap Agreements have, if required by any applicable Qualified Counterparties, been Cash Collateralized, (b) no Letter of Credit shall be outstanding (or, as applicable, each outstanding and undrawn Letter of Credit has been Cash Collateralized in accordance with the terms hereof or as otherwise may be reasonably satisfactory to the applicable Cash Management Bank), (c) no Obligations in respect of any Cash Management Services are outstanding (or, as applicable, all such outstanding Obligations in respect of Cash Management Services have been Cash Collateralized in accordance with the terms hereof), and (d) the aggregate Commitments of the Lenders are terminated.

“Disposition”: with respect to any property (including, without limitation, Capital Stock of any Group Member), any sale, lease, Sale Leaseback Transaction, assignment, conveyance, transfer, encumbrance or other disposition thereof (in one transaction or in a series of transactions and whether effected pursuant to a Division or otherwise) and any issuance of Capital Stock of any Group Member. The terms “Dispose” and “Disposed of” shall have correlative meanings. For the avoidance of doubt, none of (a) the sale of any Permitted Convertible Indebtedness by the Borrower or (b) the issuance of Capital Stock that is not Disqualified Stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange of Permitted Convertible Indebtedness shall constitute a Disposition.

“Disqualified Lender”: (a) each lender designated by the Borrower in writing to the Administrative Agent on or before the Effective Date, (b) any other Persons who operates a company directly and primarily engaged in the business of developing, manufacturing and servicing radiation oncology devices as designated by the Borrower in writing to the Administrative Agent at any time after the Effective Date, and (c) in each case of the foregoing clauses (a) and (b), any of such Person’s Affiliates (other than any bona fide fund, investment vehicle, regulated banking entity or non-regulated lending entity that is (x) primarily engaged in making, purchasing, holding or otherwise investing in commercial loans and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary course of business) that is clearly identifiable as an Affiliate on the basis of such Affiliate’s name. Any update to the list of Disqualified Lenders shall not become effective until five Business Days following delivery to the Administrative Agent by email and shall not apply retroactively to any prior assignment or participation interest or to any trade to acquire such participation interest. The list of Disqualified Lenders shall be made available by the Administrative Agent to the Lenders upon request. The Administrative Agent shall have no obligation to monitor any non-compliance by any Lender hereunder with respect to provisions relating to Disqualified Lenders or the disclosure of Confidential Information to any Disqualified Lender, and neither the Administrative Agent nor the Lenders shall be required to determine any such affiliation status pursuant to item (c) of this definition nor shall the Administrative Agent or any Lender by liable for failure to make any such determination.

“Disqualified Stock”: any Capital Stock that, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible, or for which it is exchangeable, in each case at the option of the holder thereof), or upon the happening of any event, matures or is mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or redeemable at the option of the holder thereof, in whole or in part, on or prior to the date that is ninety-one (91) days after the date on which the Loans mature. The amount of Disqualified Stock deemed to be outstanding at any time for purposes of this Agreement will be the maximum amount that the Group Members may become obligated to pay upon maturity of, or pursuant to any mandatory redemption provisions of, such Disqualified Stock or portion thereof, plus accrued dividends. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, (i) any Capital Stock that would constitute Disqualified Stock solely because the holders of the Capital Stock have the right to be paid upon liquidation, dissolution, winding up or pursuant to such other applicable statutory or regulatory obligations of the issuer of such Capital Stock will not constitute Disqualified Stock if the terms of such Capital Stock provide that such payments may not be

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made with respect to such Capital Stock unless such payments are made in accordance with Section 7.6 hereof and (ii) if such Capital Stock is issued pursuant to a plan or agreement for the benefit of the Borrower’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees or by any such plan to such employees, such Capital Stock shall not constitute Disqualified Stock solely because it may be required to be repurchased by the Borrower or its Subsidiaries in order to satisfy applicable statutory or regulatory obligations or as a result of such employee’s termination, death, or disability.

“Division”: in reference to any Person which is an entity, the division of such Person into two (2) or more separate Persons, with the dividing Person either continuing or terminating its existence as part of such division, including as contemplated under Section 18-217 of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, or any analogous action taken pursuant to any other applicable Requirements of Law.

“Dollars” and “$”: dollars in lawful currency of the United States.

“Domestic Subsidiary”: any Subsidiary of the Borrower organized under the laws of the United States, and any state thereof or the District of Columbia.

“Early Opt-in Election”: if the then-current Benchmark is the Eurodollar Rate, the occurrence of:

(a) a notification by the Administrative Agent to (or the request by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent to notify) each of the other parties hereto that at least five currently outstanding Dollar denominated syndicated credit facilities at such time contain (as a result of amendment or as originally executed) a SOFR-based rate (including SOFR, Term SOFR or any other rate based upon SOFR) as a benchmark rate (and such syndicated credit facilities are identified in such notice and are publicly available for review), and

(b) the joint election by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower to trigger a fallback from the Eurodollar Rate and the provision by the Administrative Agent of written notice of such election to the Lenders.

“EEA Financial Institution”: (a) any credit institution or investment firm established in any EEA Member Country which is subject to the supervision of an EEA Resolution Authority, (b) any entity established in an EEA Member Country which is a parent of an institution described in clause (a) of this definition, or (c) any financial institution established in an EEA Member Country which is a Subsidiary of an institution described in clauses (a) or (b) of this definition and is subject to consolidated supervision with its parent.

“EEA Member Country”: any of the member states of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.

“EEA Resolution Authority”: any public administrative authority or any Person entrusted with public administrative authority of any EEA Member Country (including any delegee) having responsibility for the resolution of any EEA Financial Institution.

“Effective Date”: the date on which all of the conditions precedent set forth in Section 5.1 are satisfied or waived by the Administrative Agent and, as applicable, the Lenders or the Required Lenders.

“Election Period”: as defined in Section 2.27(c).

“Eligible Assignee”: any Person that meets the requirements to be an assignee under Section 10.6(b)(iii), (v) and (vi) (subject to such consents, if any, as may be required under Section 10.6(b)(iii)); provided, that, “Eligible Assignee” shall not include any Disqualified Lender unless a Specified Event of Default has occurred and is continuing without the consent of the Borrower.

“Environmental Laws”: any and all foreign, federal, state, local or municipal laws, rules, orders, regulations, statutes, ordinances, codes, decrees, requirements of any Governmental Authority or other Requirements of Law (including common law) regulating, relating to or imposing liability or standards of

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conduct concerning protection of human health (as it pertains to exposure to Materials of Environmental Concern) or the environment, as now or may at any time hereafter be in effect.

“Environmental Liability”: any liability, contingent or otherwise (including any liability for damages, costs of environmental remediation, fines, penalties or indemnities), of any Group Member directly or indirectly resulting from or based upon (a) a violation of an Environmental Law, (b) the generation, use, handling, transportation, storage, treatment or disposal of any Materials of Environmental Concern, (c) exposure to any Materials of Environmental Concern, (d) the release or threatened release of any Materials of Environmental Concern into the environment, or (e) any contract, agreement or other consensual arrangement pursuant to which liability is assumed or imposed with respect to any of the foregoing.

“ERISA”: the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, including (unless the context otherwise requires) any rules or regulations promulgated thereunder.

“ERISA Affiliate”: each business or entity which is, or within the last six years was, a member of a “controlled group of corporations,” under “common control” or an “affiliated service group” with any Loan Party within the meaning of Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (n) of the Code, required to be aggregated with any Loan Party under Section 414(o) of the Code, or is, or within the last six years was, under “common control” with any Loan Party, within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(14) of ERISA.

“ERISA Event”: any of (a) a reportable event as defined in Section 4043 of ERISA with respect to a Pension Plan, excluding, however, such events as to which the PBGC by regulation has waived the requirement of Section 4043(a) of ERISA that it be notified within thirty (30) days of the occurrence of such event; (b) the applicability of the requirements of Section 4043(b) of ERISA with respect to a contributing sponsor, as defined in Section 4001(a)(13) of ERISA, to any Pension Plan where an event described in paragraph (9), (10), (11), (12) or (13) of Section 4043(c) of ERISA is reasonably expected to occur with respect to such plan within the following thirty (30) days; (c) a withdrawal by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate thereof from a Pension Plan or the termination of any Pension Plan resulting in liability under Sections 4063 or 4064 of ERISA; (d) the withdrawal of any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate thereof in a complete or partial withdrawal (within the meaning of Section 4203 and 4205 of ERISA) from any Multiemployer Plan if there is any potential liability therefor, or the receipt by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate thereof of notice from any Multiemployer Plan that it is insolvent pursuant to Section 4241 or 4245 of ERISA; (e) the filing of a notice of intent to terminate, the treatment of a plan amendment as a termination under Section 4041 or 4041A of ERISA, or the commencement of proceedings by the PBGC to terminate a Pension Plan or Multiemployer Plan; (f) the imposition of liability on any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate thereof pursuant to Sections 4062(e) or 4069 of ERISA or by reason of the application of Section 4212(c) of ERISA; (g) the failure by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate thereof to make any required contribution to a Pension Plan, or the failure to meet the minimum funding standard of Section 412 of the Code with respect to any Pension Plan (whether or not waived in accordance with Section 412(c) of the Code) or the failure to make by its due date a required installment under Section 430 of the Code with respect to any Pension Plan or the failure to make any required contribution to a Multiemployer Plan; (h) the determination that any Pension Plan is considered an at-risk plan or a plan in endangered to critical status within the meaning of Sections 430, 431 and 432 of the Code or Sections 303, 304 and 305 of ERISA; (i) an event or condition which might reasonably be expected to constitute grounds under Section 4042 of ERISA for the termination of, or the appointment of a trustee to administer, any Pension Plan or Multiemployer Plan; (j) the imposition of any liability under Title I or Title IV of ERISA, other than PBGC premiums due but not delinquent under Section 4007 of ERISA, upon any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate thereof; (k) an application for a funding waiver under Section 303 of ERISA or an extension of any amortization period pursuant to Section 412 of the Code with respect to any Pension Plan; (l) the occurrence of a non-exempt prohibited transaction under Sections 406 or 407 of ERISA for which any Group Member may be directly or indirectly liable or (m) receipt from the IRS of notice of the failure of any Qualified Plan to qualify under Section 401(a) of the Code, or the failure of any trust forming part of any Qualified Plan to fail to qualify for exemption from taxation under Section 501(a) of the Code.

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“ERISA Funding Rules”: the rules regarding minimum required contributions (including any installment payment thereof) to Pension Plans, as set forth in Section 412 of the Code and Section 302 of ERISA, with respect to Plan years ending prior to the effective date of the Pension Protection Act of 2006, and thereafter, as set forth in Sections 412, 430, 431, 432 and 436 of the Code and Sections 302, 303, 304 and 305 of ERISA.

“Erroneous Payment”: as defined in Section 9.14(a).

“Erroneous Payment Deficiency Assignment”: as defined in Section 9.14(d).

“Erroneous Payment Return Deficiency”: as defined in Section 9.14(d).

“Erroneous Payment Subrogation Rights”: as defined in Section 9.14(d).

“Eurocurrency Reserve Requirements”: for any day as applied to a Eurodollar Loan, the aggregate (without duplication) of the maximum rates (expressed as a decimal fraction) of reserve requirements in effect on such day (including basic, supplemental, marginal and emergency reserves) under any regulations of the Board or other Governmental Authority having jurisdiction with respect thereto dealing with reserve requirements prescribed for eurocurrency funding (currently referred to as “Eurocurrency Liabilities” in Regulation D of the Board) maintained by a member bank of the Federal Reserve System.

“Eurodollar Base Rate”: with respect to each day during each Interest Period pertaining to (a) a Eurodollar Loan, the rate per annum determined by the Administrative Agent by reference to the ICE Benchmark Administration London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) (or any successor thereto if the ICE Benchmark Administration is no longer making LIBOR available) for deposits (for delivery on the first day of such Interest Period) with a term equivalent to such Interest Period in Dollars, determined as of approximately 11:00 A.M. (London, England time) two (2) Business Days prior to the beginning of such Interest Period (as set forth by Bloomberg Information Service or any successor thereto or any other commercially available service selected by the Administrative Agent which provides quotations of LIBOR) and (b) an ABR Loan, the rate per annum determined by the Administrative Agent to be LIBOR (for delivery on the first day of such Interest Period) with a term of one (1) month in Dollars, determined as of approximately 11:00 A.M. (London, England time) two (2) Business Days prior to the beginning of such Interest Period (as set forth by Bloomberg Information Service or any successor thereto or any other commercially available service selected by the Administrative Agent which provides quotations of LIBOR); provided that in either case (a) or (b), the Eurodollar Base Rate shall not be less than 0.5%. Subject to Section 2.17(b), in the event that the Administrative Agent determines that LIBOR is not available, the “Eurodollar Base Rate” shall be determined by reference to the rate per annum equal to the offered quotation rate to first class banks in the London interbank market by SVB for deposits (for delivery on the first day of the relevant Interest Period) in Dollars of amounts in same day funds comparable to the principal amount of the applicable Loan of the Administrative Agent, in its capacity as a Lender, for which the Eurodollar Base Rate is then being determined with maturities comparable to such period, in the case of a Eurodollar Loan, and of one (1) month, in the case of an ABR Loan, as of approximately 11:00 A.M. (London, England time) two (2) Business Days prior to the beginning of such Interest Period; provided that, in all events, such Eurodollar Base Rate shall not be less than 0.5%.

“Eurodollar Loans”: Loans the rate of interest applicable to which is based upon clause (a) of the definition of Eurodollar Base Rate.

“Eurodollar Rate”: with respect to each day during each Interest Period pertaining to a Eurodollar Loan, a rate per annum determined for such day in accordance with the following formula:

Eurodollar Base Rate

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1.00 - Eurocurrency Reserve Requirements

The Eurodollar Rate shall be adjusted automatically as of the effective date of any change in the Eurocurrency Reserve Requirements; provided that the Eurodollar Rate shall not be less than 0.50%.

“Eurodollar Tranche”: the collective reference to Eurodollar Loans under a particular Facility (other than the L/C Facility), the then current Interest Periods with respect to all of which begin on the same date and end on the same later date (whether or not such Loans shall originally have been made on the same day).

“EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule”: the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule published by the Loan Market Association (or any successor Person), as in effect from time to time.

“Event of Default”: any of the events specified in Section 8.1; provided that any requirement for the giving of notice, the lapse of time, or both, has been satisfied.

“Exchange Act”: the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time and any successor statute.

“Excluded Assets”: as defined in the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement.

“Excluded Subsidiary”: subject to Section 6.13, any Subsidiary that is (a) a Foreign Subsidiary or a Domestic Subsidiary of a Foreign Subsidiary, (b) a Foreign Subsidiary Holding Company, (c) an Immaterial Subsidiary, (d) each Subsidiary that is prohibited by any applicable Requirements of Law from guaranteeing the Obligations at the time such Subsidiary becomes a Subsidiary and for so long as such restriction or any replacement or renewal thereof is in effect or would require governmental (including regulatory) consent, approval, license or authorization to guarantee the Obligations (unless such consent, approval, license or authorization has been received), or (e) any other Subsidiary with respect to which, in the reasonable judgment of both the Administrative Agent and the Borrower, as agreed in writing, the cost or other consequences of providing a guarantee of the Obligations shall be excessive in view of the benefits to be obtained by the Lenders therefrom; provided, that in any case of the foregoing, such Subsidiary is not otherwise required to become a Guarantor pursuant to Section 6.13.

“Excluded Swap Obligations”: with respect to any Guarantor, any Swap Obligation if, and to the extent that, all or a portion of the Guarantee Obligation of such Guarantor with respect to, or the grant by such Guarantor of a Lien to secure, such Swap Obligation (or any guarantee thereof) is or becomes illegal under the Commodity Exchange Act or any rule, regulation or order of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (or the application or official interpretation of any thereof) by virtue of such Guarantor’s failure for any reason to constitute an “eligible contract participant” as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act at the time such Guarantee Obligation of such Guarantor, or the grant by such Guarantor of such Lien, becomes effective with respect to such Swap Obligation. If such a Swap Obligation arises under a master agreement governing more than one swap, such exclusion shall apply only to the portion of such Swap Obligation that is attributable to swaps for which such Guarantee Obligation or Lien is or becomes excluded in accordance with the first sentence of this definition.

“Excluded Taxes”: any of the following Taxes imposed on or with respect to a Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to a Recipient, (a) Taxes imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated), franchise Taxes, and branch profits Taxes, in each case, (i) imposed as a result of such Recipient being organized under the laws of, or having its principal office or, in the case of any Lender, its applicable lending office located in, the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (or any political subdivision thereof) or (ii) that are Other Connection Taxes, (b) in the case of a Lender, U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed on amounts payable to or for the account of such Lender with respect to an applicable interest in a Loan or Commitment pursuant to a law in effect on the date on which (i) such Lender acquires such interest in the Loan or Commitment (other than pursuant to an assignment request by the Borrower under

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Section 2.23) or (ii) such Lender changes its lending office, except in each case to the extent that, pursuant to Section 2.20, amounts with respect to such Taxes were payable either to such Lender's assignor immediately before such Lender became a party hereto or to such Lender immediately before it changed its lending office, (c) Taxes attributable to such Recipient’s failure to comply with Section 2.20(f) and (d) any withholding Taxes imposed under FATCA.

“Existing Agent”: individually or collectively as applicable (i) MidCap Financial Trust, a Delaware statutory trust, in its capacity as the administrative agent pursuant to the Existing Term Loan Facility, and (b) Midcap Funding IV Trust, a Delaware statutory trust, in its capacity as the administrative agent pursuant to the Existing Revolver Facility.

“Existing Credit Facilities”: (a) the Existing Revolver Facility and (b) the Existing Term Loan Facility.

“Existing Letters of Credit”: the letters of credit described on Schedule 1.1B.

“Existing Revolver Facility”: that certain Credit and Security Agreement (as may have been amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time prior to the Closing Date), dated as of June 14, 2017 by and among Borrower, TomoTherapy Incorporated, Existing Agent and the other parties party thereto.

“Existing Term Loan Facility”: that certain Credit and Security Agreement (as may have been amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time prior to the Closing Date), dated as of December 15, 2017 by and among Borrower, TomoTherapy Incorporated, Existing Agent and the other parties party thereto.

“Facility”: each of (a) the Term Facility, (b) the L/C Facility (which is a sub-facility of the Revolving Facility), (c) the Swingline Facility (which is a sub-facility of the Revolving Facility) and (d) the Revolving Facility.

“FASB ASC”: the Accounting Standards certification of the Financial Accounting Standards Board.

“FATCA”: Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version that is substantively comparable and not materially more onerous to comply with), any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof, any agreement entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b)(1) of the Code and any fiscal or regulatory legislation, rules or practices adopted pursuant to any intergovernmental agreement, treaty or convention among Governmental Authorities and implementing such Sections of the Code.

"FDA": the United States Food and Drug Administration and any successor agency or entity thereof or any analogous agency or entity in any other jurisdiction.

"FD&C Act": the United States Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321 et seq., including, without limitation, the Electronic Product Radiation Control provisions and Medical Device provisions thereof (or any successor thereto), as amended from time to time, and the rules, regulations, guidelines, guidance documents and compliance policy guides issued or promulgated thereunder, or any analogous Requirements of Law in any other jurisdiction, including but not limited to the various states of the United States.

“Federal Funds Effective Rate”: for any day, the weighted average of the rates on overnight federal funds transactions with members of the Federal Reserve System, as published on the next succeeding Business Day by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, or, if such rate is not so published for any day that is a Business Day, the average of the quotations for the day of such transactions received by SVB from three federal funds brokers of recognized standing selected by it.

“Fee Letter”: the letter agreement dated April 14, 2021, between the Borrower and the Administrative Agent.

“Flood Laws”: the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994 and related legislation (including the regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System).

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“Floor”: the benchmark rate floor, if any, provided in this Agreement initially (as of the execution of this Agreement, the modification, amendment or renewal of this Agreement or otherwise) with respect to the Eurodollar Rate.a rate of interest equal to 0.50% per annum.

“Flow of Funds Agreement”: the spreadsheet or other similar statement prepared by the Administrative Agent and approved by the Borrower regarding the disbursement of Loan proceeds, the funding and the payment of the fees and expenses of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders (including their respective counsel), and such other matters as may be agreed to by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders.

“Foreign Lender”: a Lender that is not a U.S. Person.

“Foreign Subsidiary”: any Subsidiary of the Borrower that is not a Domestic Subsidiary.

“Foreign Subsidiary Holding Company”: any direct or indirect Domestic Subsidiary of the Borrower, substantially all of the assets of which consist of Capital Stock of or indebtedness issued by (a) one or more controlled foreign corporations (within the meaning of Section 957 of the Code) or (b) other Foreign Subsidiary Holding Companies; provided that for the avoidance of doubt TomoTherapy Incorporated shall not be deemed to be a Foreign Subsidiary Holding Company.

“Fronting Exposure”: at any time there is a Defaulting Lender, as applicable, (a) with respect to the Issuing Lender, such Defaulting Lender’s L/C Percentage of the outstanding L/C Exposure other than L/C Exposure as to which such Defaulting Lender’s participation obligation has been reallocated to other Lenders or Cash Collateralized in accordance with the terms hereof, and (b) with respect to the Swingline Lender, such Defaulting Lender’s Revolving Percentage of outstanding Swingline Loans made by the Swingline Lender other than Swingline Loans as to which such Defaulting Lender’s participation obligation has been reallocated to other Lenders.

“Fund”: any Person (other than a natural Person) that is (or will be) engaged in making, purchasing, holding or otherwise investing in commercial loans, bonds and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary course of its activities.

“Funding Office”: the Revolving Loan Funding Office or the Term Loan Funding Office, as the context requires.

“GAAP”: generally accepted accounting principles in the United States as in effect from time to time, except that for purposes of Section 7.1, GAAP shall be determined on the basis of such principles in effect on the date hereof and consistent with those used in the preparation of the most recent audited financial statements referred to in Section 4.1(b). In the event that any “Accounting Change” (as defined below) shall occur and such change results in a change in the method of calculation of financial covenants, standards or terms in this Agreement, then the Borrower and the Administrative Agent agree to enter into negotiations to amend such provisions of this Agreement so as to reflect equitably such Accounting Changes with the desired result that the criteria for evaluating the Borrower’s financial condition shall be the same after such Accounting Changes as if such Accounting Changes had not been made. Until such time as such an amendment shall have been executed and delivered by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders, all financial covenants, standards and terms in this Agreement shall continue to be calculated or construed as if such Accounting Changes had not occurred. “Accounting Changes” refers to changes in accounting principles required by the promulgation of any rule, regulation, pronouncement or opinion by the Financial Accounting Standards Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants or, if applicable, the SEC, or the adoption of IFRS.

“Governmental Approval”: any consent, authorization, approval, order, license, franchise, permit, certificate, accreditation, registration, filing or notice, of, issued by, from or to, or other act by or in respect of, any Governmental Authority.

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“Governmental Authority”: the government of the United States of America or any other nation, or of any political subdivision thereof, whether state or local, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government, and any group or body charged with setting accounting or regulatory capital rules or standards (including the Financial Standards Board, the Bank for International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and any successor or similar authority to any of the foregoing).

“Group Members”: the collective reference to the Borrower and its Subsidiaries.

“Guarantee and Collateral Agreement”: the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement to be executed and delivered by the Loan Parties, substantially in the form of Exhibit A.

“Guarantee Obligation”: as to any Person (the “guaranteeing person”), any obligation, including a reimbursement, counterindemnity or similar obligation, of the guaranteeing person that guarantees or in effect guarantees, or which is given to induce the creation of a separate obligation by another Person (including any bank under any letter of credit) that guarantees or in effect guarantees, any Indebtedness, leases, dividends or other obligations (the “primary obligations”) of any other third Person (the “primary obligor”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, including any obligation of the guaranteeing person, whether or not contingent, (i) to purchase any such primary obligation or any property constituting direct or indirect security therefor, (ii) to advance or supply funds (1) for the purchase or payment of any such primary obligation or (2) to maintain working capital or equity capital of the primary obligor or otherwise to maintain the net worth or solvency of the primary obligor, (iii) to purchase property, securities or services primarily for the purpose of assuring the owner of any such primary obligation of the ability of the primary obligor to make payment of such primary obligation or (iv) otherwise to assure or hold harmless the owner of any such primary obligation against loss in respect thereof; provided that the term Guarantee Obligation shall not include endorsements of instruments for deposit or collection in the ordinary course of business. The amount of any Guarantee Obligation of any guaranteeing person shall be deemed to be the lower of (a) an amount equal to the stated or determinable amount of the primary obligation in respect of which such Guarantee Obligation is made and (b) the maximum amount for which such guaranteeing person may be liable pursuant to the terms of the instrument embodying such Guarantee Obligation, unless such primary obligation and the maximum amount for which such guaranteeing person may be liable are not stated or determinable, in which case the amount of such Guarantee Obligation shall be such guaranteeing person’s maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof as determined by the Borrower in good faith.

“Guarantors”: a collective reference to each Subsidiary of the Borrower which has become a Guarantor pursuant to the requirements of Section 6.12 and Section 6.13 hereof and the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement. Subject to Section 6.13, no Excluded Subsidiary shall be required to become a Guarantor.

"Healthcare Law": the laws, codes, policies and guidelines of all Governmental Authorities relating to the production, preparation, propagation, compounding, conversion, pricing, marketing, promotion, sale, distribution, coverage, or reimbursement of a drug, device, biological or other medical item, supply or service, including, without limitation, the U.S. Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938 (“FD&C Act”), 21 U.S.C. Ch. 9, as amended from time to time, and the rules, regulations, guidelines, guidance documents and compliance policy guides issued or promulgated thereunder, billing and collection practices relating to the payment for healthcare services or supplies, the federal False Claims Act (31 U.S.C. §§ 3729 et seq.), the federal healthcare program anti- kickback statute (42 U.S.C. § 1320a- 7b),the Stark laws (42 U.S.C. § 1395nn), the Federal Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act (31 U.S.C. § 3801 et seq.) and the Federal Health Care Fraud Law (18 U.S.C. § 1347) the healthcare fraud, false statement and health information privacy and security provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act ("HIPAA"), the federal healthcare program civil money penalty and exclusion authorities 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7a), the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7h), the statutes, regulations and

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binding directives of applicable federal healthcare programs of Medicare, Medicaid and other healthcare programs of other Governmental Authorities, including the Veterans Health Administration and United States Department of Defense healthcare and contracting programs, and the analogous Requirements of Law of any other jurisdiction.

“HIPAA”: has the meaning set forth in the definition of Healthcare Laws.

"IDE": an application, including an application filed with a Governmental Authority, for authorization to commence human clinical studies, including (a) an Investigational Device Exemption as defined in the FD&C Act or any successor application or procedure filed with the FDA, (b) an abbreviated IDE as specified in FDA regulations in 21 C.F.R. § 812.2(b), (c) any equivalent of a United States IDE in other countries or regulatory jurisdictions, (d) all amendments, variations, extensions and renewals thereof that may be filed with respect to the foregoing and (e) all related documents and correspondence thereto, including documents and correspondence with institutional review boards or IECs.

"IECs": independent ethics committees.

“IFRS”: international accounting standards within the meaning of IAS Regulation 1606/2002 to the extent applicable to the relevant financial statements delivered under or referred to herein.

“Illegality Notice”: as defined in Section 2.19.

“Immaterial Subsidiary”: as of the last day of each fiscal quarter of the Borrower and at any other date of determination, any Subsidiary of the Borrower (other than a Guarantor) designated as such by the Borrower in writing and which as of such date (a) holds assets representing 5.0% or less of the Borrower’s consolidated total assets as of such date (determined in accordance with GAAP and excluding investments in Subsidiaries and intercompany receivables that would be eliminated in consolidated financial statements, and goodwill), (b) has generated less than 5.0% of the Borrower’s consolidated total revenues (excluding intercompany revenue that would be eliminated in consolidated financial statements) determined in accordance with GAAP for the four (4) consecutive fiscal quarter period ending on the last day of the most recent period for which financial statements have been delivered after the Effective Date pursuant to Section 6.1(b); provided that all Subsidiaries that are individually “Immaterial Subsidiaries” shall not have aggregate consolidated total assets (excluding investments in subsidiaries and intercompany receivables that would be eliminated in consolidated financial statements, and goodwill) that would represent 10.0% or more of the Borrower’s consolidated total assets as of such date or have generated 10.0% or more of the Borrower’s consolidated total revenues (excluding any intercompany revenue that would be eliminated in consolidated financial statements) for such four (4) consecutive fiscal quarter period, in each case determined in accordance with GAAP, (c) owns no material Intellectual Property, and (d) is not the owner of Capital Stock of any Group Member that would not constitute an Immaterial Subsidiary.

“Increase Effective Date”: as defined in Section 2.27(d).

“Incremental Facility”: an Incremental Term Loan or Incremental Revolving Commitment.

“Incremental Joinder”: an instrument, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, by which a Lender becomes a party to this Agreement pursuant to Section 2.27.

“Incremental Term Loan”: as defined in Section 2.27(a).

“Incremental Revolving Commitment”: as defined in Section 2.27(b).

“Incurred”: as defined in the definition of “Pro Forma Basis”.

“Indebtedness”: of any Person at any date, without duplication, (a) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed money, (b) all obligations of such Person for the deferred purchase price of property or services (other than (i) current trade payables incurred in the ordinary course of such Person’s business, (ii) any

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earn-out obligation if such obligation is not required to be reflected on the balance sheet in accordance with GAAP and (iii) accruals for payroll and other liabilities, including deferred compensation arrangements, in each case, accrued in the ordinary course of business), (c) all obligations of such Person evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or other similar instruments, (d) all indebtedness created or arising under any conditional sale or other title retention agreement with respect to property acquired by such Person (even though the rights and remedies of the seller or lender under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property), (e) all Capital Lease Obligations and all Synthetic Lease Obligations of such Person, (f) all obligations of such Person, contingent or otherwise, as an account party or applicant under or in respect of acceptances, letters of credit, surety bonds or similar arrangements, (g) all obligations of such Person to purchase, redeem, retire, defease or otherwise make any payment in respect of Disqualified Stock, (h) all Guarantee Obligations of such Person in respect of obligations of the kind referred to in clauses (a) through (g) above, (i) all obligations of the kind referred to in clauses (a) through (h) above secured by (or for which the holder of such obligation has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien on property (including accounts and contract rights) owned by such Person, whether or not such Person has assumed or become liable for the payment of such obligation; provided that the amount of such Indebtedness will be the lesser of (i) the fair market value of such property secured or (ii) the amount of such Indebtedness of such other Person, and (j) the net obligations of such Person in respect of Swap Agreements. The Indebtedness of any Person shall include the Indebtedness of any other entity (including any partnership in which such Person is a general partner) to the extent such Person is liable therefor as a result of such Person’s ownership interest in or other relationship with such entity, except to the extent the terms of such Indebtedness expressly provide that such Person is not liable therefor.

“Indemnified Taxes”: (a) Taxes, other than Excluded Taxes, imposed on or with respect to any payment made by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document and (b) to the extent not otherwise described in clause (a), Other Taxes.

“Indemnitee”: as defined in Section 10.5(b).

“Insolvency Proceeding”: (a) any case, action or proceeding before any court or other Governmental Authority relating to bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, liquidation, receivership, dissolution, winding-up or relief of debtors, or (b) any general assignment for the benefit of creditors, composition, marshalling of assets for creditors, or other, similar arrangement in respect of any Person’s creditors generally or any substantial portion of such Person’s creditors, in each case undertaken under U.S. federal, state or foreign law, including any Debtor Relief Law.

“Intellectual Property”: the collective reference to all rights, priorities and privileges relating to intellectual property, whether arising under United States, multinational or foreign laws or otherwise, including copyrights, copyright licenses, patents, patent licenses, trademarks, trademark licenses, technology, know-how and processes, and all rights to sue at law or in equity for any infringement or other impairment thereof, including the right to receive all proceeds and damages therefrom.

“Intellectual Property Security Agreement”: an intellectual property security agreement entered into between a Loan Party and the Administrative Agent pursuant to the terms of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, together with each other intellectual property security agreement and supplement thereto delivered pursuant to Section 6.12, in each case as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

“Interest Payment Date”: (a) as to any ABR Loan (including any Swingline Loan), the first Business Day of each calendar quarter to occur while such Loan is outstanding and the final maturity date of such Loan, (b) as to any EurodollarSOFR Loan, (i) having an Interest Period of three (3) months or less, the last Business Day of such Interest Period, and (cii) as to any Eurodollar Loan having an Interest Period longer than three (3) months, each dayBusiness Day that is three (3) months (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the Business Day next succeeding such date) after the first day of such Interest Period and, the last Business

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Day of such Interest Period, and (dc) as to any Loan (other than any Revolving Loan that is an ABR, the final maturity date of such Loan and any Swingline Loan), the date of any repayment or prepayment made in respect thereof.

“Interest Period”: as to any EurodollarSOFR Loan, (a) initially, the period commencing on the borrowing or conversion date, as the case may be, with respect to such EurodollarSOFR Loan and ending on the numerically corresponding day in the month that is one (1), three (3) or six (6) months thereafter, as selected by the Borrower in its Notice of Borrowing or Notice of Conversion/Continuation, as the case may be, given with respect thereto; and (b) thereafter, each period commencing on the last day of the next preceding Interest Period applicable to such EurodollarSOFR Loan and ending on the numerically corresponding day in the month that is one (1), three (3) or six (6) months thereafter, as selected by the Borrower by irrevocable notice to the Administrative Agent in a Notice of Conversion/Continuation delivered to the Administrative Agent not later than 10:00 A.M. on the date that is three (3) U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to the last day of the then current Interest Period with respect thereto; provided that all of the foregoing provisions relating to Interest Periods are subject to the following:

“Inventory”: all “inventory,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or hereafter acquired by any Loan Party, wherever located, and in any event including inventory, merchandise, goods and other personal property that are held by or on behalf of any Group Member for sale or lease or are furnished or are to be furnished under a contract of service, or that constitutes raw materials, work in process, finished goods, returned goods, or materials or supplies of any kind used or consumed or to be used or consumed in such Group Member’s business or in the processing, production, packaging, promotion, delivery or shipping of the same, including all supplies and embedded software.

“Investments”: as defined in Section 7.8.

“IRS”: the U.S. Internal Revenue Service.

“ISDA Definitions”: the 2006 ISDA Definitions published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. or any successor thereto, as amended or supplemented from time to time, or any successor definitional booklet for interest rate derivatives published from time to time by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. or such successor thereto.

“ISP”: with respect to any Letter of Credit, the “International Standby Practices 1998” published by the Institute of International Banking Law & Practice (or such later version thereof as may be in effect at the time of issuance).

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“Issuing Lender”: as the context may require, (a) SVB or any Affiliate thereof, in its capacity as issuer of any Letter of Credit (including, without limitation, each Existing Letter of Credit), and (b) any other Lender or Affiliate thereof that may become an Issuing Lender pursuant to Section 3.11 or 3.12, with respect to Letters of Credit issued by such Lender or its Affiliate. The Issuing Lender may, in its discretion, arrange for one or more Letters of Credit to be issued by Affiliates of the Issuing Lender or other financial institutions, in which case the term “Issuing Lender” shall include any such Affiliate or other financial institution with respect to Letters of Credit issued by such Affiliate or other financial institution. For the avoidance of doubt, no Lender shall become an Issuing Lender unless it shall so agree.

“Issuing Lender Fees”: as defined in Section 3.3(a).

“Judgment Currency”: as defined in Section 10.19.

“L/C Advance”: each L/C Lender’s funding of its participation in any L/C Disbursement in accordance with its L/C Percentage of the L/C Commitment.

“L/C Commitment”: as to any L/C Lender, the obligation of such L/C Lender, if any, to purchase an undivided interest in the Issuing Lenders’ obligations and rights under and in respect of each Letter of Credit (including to make payments with respect to draws made under any Letter of Credit pursuant to Section 3.5(b)) in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed the amount set forth under the heading “L/C Commitment” opposite such L/C Lender’s name on Schedule 1.1A or in the Assignment and Assumption, Incremental Joinder or amendment pursuant to which such L/C Lender becomes a party hereto, as the same may be changed from time to time pursuant to the terms hereof. The L/C Commitment is a sublimit of the Revolving Commitment and the aggregate amount of the L/C Commitments shall not exceed the amount of the Total L/C Commitments at any time.

“L/C Disbursements”: a payment or disbursement made by the Issuing Lender pursuant to a Letter of Credit.

“L/C Exposure”: at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate undrawn amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit at such time, and (b) the aggregate amount of all L/C Disbursements that have not yet been reimbursed or converted into Revolving Loans at such time. The L/C Exposure of any L/C Lender at any time shall equal its L/C Percentage of the aggregate L/C Exposure at such time.

“L/C Facility”: the L/C Commitments and the extensions of credit made thereunder.

“L/C Fee Payment Date”: as defined in Section 3.3(a).

“L/C Lender”: a Lender with an L/C Commitment.

“L/C Percentage”: as to any L/C Lender at any time, the percentage of the Total L/C Commitments represented by such L/C Lender’s L/C Commitment, as such percentage may be adjusted as provided in Section 2.24.

“L/C-Related Documents”: collectively, each Letter of Credit (including any Existing Letter of Credit), all applications for any Letter of Credit (and applications for the amendment of any Letter of Credit) submitted by the Borrower to the Issuing Lender and any other document, agreement and instrument relating to any Letter of Credit, including any of the Issuing Lender’s standard form documents for letter of credit issuances.

“LCA Election”: as defined in Section 1.4.

“LCA Test Date”: as defined in Section 1.4.

“Lenders”: as defined in the preamble hereto; provided that unless the context otherwise requires, each reference herein to the Lenders shall be deemed to include the L/C Lenders, the Issuing Lender and the Swingline Lender.

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“Letter of Credit”: as defined in Section 3.1(a); provided that such term shall include each Existing Letter of Credit.

“Letter of Credit Availability Period”: the period from and including the Closing Date to but excluding the Letter of Credit Maturity Date.

“Letter of Credit Fees”: as defined in Section 3.3(a).

“Letter of Credit Fronting Fees”: as defined in Section 3.3(a).

“Letter of Credit Maturity Date”: the date occurring fifteen (15) days prior to the Revolving Termination Date then in effect (or, if such day is not a Business Day, the next preceding Business Day).

“LIBOR”: as defined in the definition of “Eurodollar Base Rate.”

“Lien”: any mortgage, deed of trust, pledge, hypothecation, collateral assignment, deposit arrangement, encumbrance, lien (statutory or other), charge or other security interest or any preference, priority or other security agreement or preferential arrangement of any kind or nature whatsoever (including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement and any capital lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing).

“Limited Condition Acquisition”: any Permitted Acquisition or similar permitted Investment, the consummation of which is not conditioned on the availability of, or on obtaining, third party financing; provided, that, in the event the consummation of any such Permitted Acquisition or similar permitted Investment shall not have occurred on or prior to the date that is 120 days following the signing of the applicable Limited Condition Acquisition Agreement, such Permitted Acquisition shall no longer constitute a Limited Condition Acquisition for any purpose.

“Limited Condition Acquisition Agreement”: any agreement providing for a Limited Condition Acquisition.

“Liquidity”: at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate amount of the Unrestricted Cash of the Loan Parties that is subject to a first priority perfected Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties (provided that such cash and Cash Equivalents shall not be required to be subject to a first priority Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent until the date that is 90 days after the Closing Date (or such later date as the Administrative Agent may consent in its sole and absolute discretion) and such Lien may be subject to such Liens and rights of set off as are set forth in the relevant Deposit Account Control Agreement or Securities Account Control Agreement, as the case may be, that governs the underlying Deposit Account or Securities Account), plus (b) the Available Revolving Commitment at such time.

“Loan”: any loan made or maintained by any Lender pursuant to this Agreement.

“Loan Documents”: this Agreement, each Security Document, each Note, the Fee Letter, each Assignment and Assumption, each Compliance Certificate, each Notice of Borrowing, each Notice of Conversion/Continuation, the Solvency Certificate, each Incremental Joinder, each subordination agreement or intercreditor agreement entered into pursuant to this Agreement, the Collateral Information Certificate, each L/C-Related Document, and any agreement creating or perfecting rights in cash collateral pursuant to the provisions of Section 3.10, or otherwise, and any amendment, waiver, supplement or other modification to any of the foregoing.

“Loan Parties”: each Group Member that is a party to a Loan Document, as a Borrower or a Guarantor.

“Mandatory Prepayment Date”: as defined in Section 2.12(e).

“Market Withdrawal”: has the same meaning and usage as 21 C.F.R. 806.1(i) stating that a Person’s removal from any market or correction of a Product that involves a minor violation that would not be subject to legal action by the FDA or that involves no violation.

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“Material Adverse Effect”: (a) a material adverse change in, or a material adverse effect on, the business, operations, assets, liabilities or financial condition of the Group Members, taken as a whole; (b) a material impairment in the perfection or priority of the Administrative Agent’s Lien in any material Collateral or in the value of such Collateral or a material adverse effect upon the legality, validity, binding effect or enforceability against the Borrower or any Guarantor of any material Loan Document to which it is a party; or (c) a material impairment of the ability of Loan Parties taken as a whole to perform any of their payment or other material obligations under any Loan Document to which it is a party.

“Materials of Environmental Concern”: any substance, material or waste that is defined, regulated, governed or otherwise characterized under any Environmental Law as hazardous or toxic or as a pollutant or contaminant (or by words of similar meaning and regulatory effect), any petroleum or petroleum products, asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls, urea-formaldehyde insulation, molds or fungus, and radioactivity, radiofrequency radiation at levels known to be hazardous to human health and safety.

“MFN Protection”: as defined in Section 2.27(i).

“MidCap Payoff Letter”: a letter, in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, dated as of a date on or prior to the Closing Date and executed by each of the Existing Agent and the Borrower to the effect that upon receipt by the Existing Agent of the “payoff amount” (however designated) referenced therein, (a) the obligations of the Group Members under the Existing Credit Facilities shall be satisfied in full, (b) the Liens held by the Existing Agent for the benefit of the lenders under the Existing Credit Facilities shall terminate without any further action, and (c) the Borrower shall be entitled to file UCC-3 termination statements, USPTO releases, USCRO releases and any other releases reasonably necessary to further evidence the termination of such Liens

“Minority Lender”: as defined in Section 10.1(b).

“Moody’s”: Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.

“Mortgaged Properties”: the real properties as to which, pursuant to Section 6.12(b) or otherwise, the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, shall be granted a Lien pursuant to the Mortgages.

“Mortgages”: each of the mortgages, deeds of trust, deeds to secure debt or such equivalent documents hereafter entered into and executed and delivered by one or more of the Loan Parties to the Administrative Agent, in each case, as such documents may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified, renewed or replaced from time to time and in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent.

“Multiemployer Plan”: a “multiemployer plan” (within the meaning of Section 3(37) of ERISA) to which any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate thereof makes, is making, or is obligated or has in the preceding six (6) years been obligated to make, contributions.

“Net Cash Proceeds”: (a) in connection with any Asset Sale or any Recovery Event, the proceeds thereof in the form of cash and Cash Equivalents (including any such proceeds received by way of deferred payment of principal pursuant to a note or installment receivable or purchase price adjustment receivable or otherwise, but only as and when received in the form of cash and Cash Equivalents), net of attorneys’ fees, accountants’ fees, investment banking fees, amounts required to be applied to the repayment of Indebtedness secured by a Lien expressly permitted hereunder on any asset that is the subject of such Asset Sale or Recovery Event (other than any Lien pursuant to a Security Document) and other customary costs, fees and expenses actually incurred in connection therewith and net of taxes paid and the Borrower’s reasonable and good faith estimate of income, franchise, sales, and other applicable taxes required to be paid by any Group Member in connection with such Asset Sale or Recovery Event in the taxable year that such Asset Sale or Recovery Event is consummated, the computation of which shall, in each such case, take into account the reduction in tax liability resulting from any available operating losses and net operating

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loss carryovers, tax credits, and tax credit carry forwards, and similar tax attributes and (b) in connection with any issuance or sale of Capital Stock or any incurrence of Indebtedness, the cash proceeds received from such issuance or incurrence, net of attorneys’ fees, investment banking fees, accountants’ fees, underwriting discounts and commissions and other customary costs, fees and expenses actually incurred in connection therewith.

“Non-Consenting Lender”: any Lender that does not approve any consent, waiver or amendment that (a) requires the approval of all Affected Lenders in accordance with the terms of Section 10.1 and (b) has been approved by the Required Lenders.

“Non-Defaulting Lender”: at any time, each Lender that is not a Defaulting Lender at such time.

“Note”: a Term Loan Note, a Revolving Loan Note or a Swingline Loan Note.

“Notice of Borrowing”: a notice substantially in the form of Exhibit K.

“Notice of Conversion/Continuation”: a notice substantially in the form of Exhibit L.

"NRC": the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and any successor agency or entity thereof or any analogous agency or entity in any other jurisdiction.

“Obligations”: (a) the unpaid principal of and interest on (including interest accruing after the maturity of the Loans and interest accruing after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy, or the commencement of any Insolvency Proceeding relating to any Loan Party, whether or not a claim for post-filing or post-petition interest is allowed or allowable in such proceeding) the Loans and all other obligations and liabilities (including any fees or expenses that accrue after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy, or the commencement of any insolvency, reorganization or like proceeding, relating to any Loan Party, whether or not a claim for post-filing or post-petition interest is allowed or allowable in such proceeding) of the Loan Parties (and the other Group Members in the cash of obligations in respect of Cash Management Services) to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, any other Lender, any applicable Cash Management Bank, and any Qualified Counterparty, whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, due or to become due, or now existing or hereafter incurred, which may arise under, out of, or in connection with, this Agreement, any other Loan Document, the Letters of Credit, any Cash Management Agreement, any Specified Swap Agreement or any other document made, delivered or given in connection herewith or therewith, whether on account of principal, interest, reimbursement obligations, payment obligations, fees, indemnities, costs, expenses (including all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket fees, charges and disbursements of counsel to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, any other Lender, any applicable Cash Management Bank, to the extent that any applicable Cash Management Agreement requires the reimbursement by any applicable Group Member of any such expenses, and any Qualified Counterparty) that are required to be paid by any Group Member pursuant any Loan Document, Cash Management Agreement, Specified Swap Agreement or otherwise, and (b) Erroneous Payment Subrogation Rights. For the avoidance of doubt, the Obligations shall not include (a) any obligations arising under any warrants or other equity instruments issued by any Loan Party to any Lender, or (b) solely with respect to any Guarantor that is not a Qualified ECP Guarantor, any Excluded Swap Obligations of such Guarantor.

“OFAC”: the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the United States Department of the Treasury and any successor thereto.

“Operating Documents”: for any Person as of any date, such Person’s constitutional documents, formation documents and/or certificate of incorporation (or equivalent thereof) and, (a) if such Person is a corporation, its bylaws or memorandum and articles of association (or equivalent thereof) in current form, (b) if such Person is a limited liability company, its limited liability company agreement (or similar agreement), and (c) if such Person is a partnership, its partnership agreement (or similar agreement), each of the foregoing with all current amendments or modifications thereto.

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“Other Connection Taxes”: with respect to any Recipient, Taxes imposed as a result of a present or former connection between such Recipient and the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (other than connections arising from such Recipient having executed, delivered, become a party to, performed its obligations under, received payments under, received or perfected a security interest under, engaged in any other transaction pursuant to or enforced any Loan Document, or sold or assigned an interest in any Loan or Loan Document).

“Other Taxes”: all present or future stamp, court or documentary, intangible, recording, filing or similar Taxes that arise from any payment made under, from the execution, delivery, performance, enforcement or registration of, from the receipt or perfection of a security interest under, or otherwise with respect to, any Loan Document, except any such Taxes that are Other Connection Taxes imposed with respect to an assignment (other than an assignment made pursuant to Section 2.23).

“Participant”: as defined in Section 10.6(d).

“Participant Register”: as defined in Section 10.6(d).

“Patriot Act”: the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT ACT) Act of 2001, Title III of Pub. L. 107-56, signed into law October 26, 2001.

“Payment Conditions”: (a) immediately before and immediately after giving effect to the applicable payment or transaction, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, and (b) immediately after giving effect to the applicable payment or transaction, the Borrower is in pro forma compliance with all financial covenants set forth in Section 7.1.

“Payment Recipient”: as defined in Section 9.14(a).

“PBGC”: the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, or any successor thereto.

“Pension Plan”: an employee benefit plan (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA) other than a Multiemployer Plan (a) that is or was at any time maintained or sponsored by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate thereof or to which any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate thereof has ever made, or was obligated to make, contributions, and (b) that is or was subject to Section 412 of the Code, Section 302 of ERISA or Title IV of ERISA.

“Periodic Term SOFR Determination Day”: as defined in the definition of “Term SOFR”.

"Permits": all licenses, certificates, accreditations, product clearances or approvals, provider numbers or provider authorizations, supplier numbers, provider numbers, marketing authorizations, other authorizations, registrations, permits, consents and approvals of the Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries required under any Requirement of Law applicable to the Group Members’ business or necessary in the manufacturing, importing, exporting, possession, ownership, warehousing, marketing, promoting, sale, labeling, furnishing, distribution or delivery of goods or services under Requirements of Law applicable to the business of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, "Permits" includes all governmental authorizations and Product Authorizations of the Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries.

“Permitted Acquisition”: as defined in Section 7.8(k).

“Permitted Convertible Indebtedness”: the 2022 Notes and the 2026 Notes and any extension, refinancing, renewal, replacement, exchange or modification thereof provided that, in each such case, (a) as of the date of issuance thereof, such Indebtedness contains terms, conditions, covenants, conversion or exchange rights, redemption rights and offer to repurchase rights, in each case, as are typical and customary for notes of such type (in each case, as determined by the Borrower in good faith); provided that the interest rate on such Indebtedness shall not exceed 5.0% per annum (other than with respect to the 2026 Notes which cannot exceed 4.00% per annum), (b) such Indebtedness is convertible or exchangeable into shares of common stock of the Borrower (or other securities of a successor Person following merger event, reclassification or

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other change of the common stock of the Borrower), cash or a combination thereof (such amount of cash determined by reference to the price of the Borrower’s common stock or such other securities or property), and cash in lieu of fractional shares of common stock of the Borrower, (c) other than the 2022 Notes (the outstanding principal amount of which at no time shall exceed $10,000,000) and 2026 Notes, such indebtedness shall have a stated final maturity date that is no earlier than the date 91 days after the Revolving Termination Date (the “Earliest Date”) and shall not be subject to any conditions that could result in such stated final maturity occurring earlier than the Earliest Date (it being understood that any conversion of such notes (whether into cash, shares of common stock in Borrower or any combination thereof), a repurchase of such notes on account of the occurrence of a “fundamental change” or any redemption of such notes at the option of the Borrower shall not be deemed to constitute a change in the stated final maturity thereof); provided that any Indebtedness incurred to refinance the 2026 Notes shall comply with this clause (c), (d) such Indebtedness shall not be required to be repaid, prepaid, redeemed, repurchased or defeased, whether on one or more fixed dates, upon the occurrence of one or more events or at the option of any holder thereof (except, in each case, upon any conversion of such notes (whether into cash, shares of common stock in Borrower or any combination thereof), the occurrence of an event of default or a “fundamental change” or following Borrower’s election to redeem such notes) prior to the Earliest Date, (e) such Indebtedness shall be unsecured and no Group Member that is not a Loan Party shall have primary or Guarantee Obligations thereunder, and (f) any cross-default or cross acceleration (or comparable term or concept) provision contained in the agreements governing such Indebtedness that relates to indebtedness or other payment obligations of the Group Members contains a cure period of at least 30 calendar days (after written notice to the issuer of such Indebtedness by the trustee or to such issuer and such trustee by holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness then outstanding) before a default, event of default, acceleration or other event or condition under the cross defaulted obligation results in an event of default under such cross default or cross acceleration provision.

“Permitted Refinancing”: Indebtedness issued, incurred or otherwise obtained (including by means of the extension or renewal of existing Indebtedness) in exchange for, or to extend, renew, replace, repurchase, retire or refinance (any of the foregoing, a “refinancing”), in whole or part, any Indebtedness referenced in Section 7.2; provided

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“Person”: any natural Person, corporation, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership, Governmental Authority or other entity.

“Plan”: (a) an employee benefit plan (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA) other than a Multiemployer Plan which is or was at any time maintained or sponsored by any Group Member or to which any Group Member has ever made, or was obligated to make, contributions, (b) a Pension Plan, or (c) a Qualified Plan.

“Plan Asset Regulations”: 29 CFR § 2510.3-101, as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA, as amended from time to time.

 

“Platform”: any of Debt Domain, DebtX, Intralinks, Syndtrak or a substantially similar electronic transmission system.

“Preferred Stock”: the preferred Capital Stock of the Borrower.

“Prime Rate”: greater of (a) 0.00% and (b) the rate of interest per annum published in the money rates section of the Wall Street Journal or any successor publication thereto as the “prime rate” then in effect; provided that if such rate of interest, as set forth from time to time in the money rates section of the Wall Street Journal, becomes unavailable for any reason as determined by the Administrative Agent, the “Prime Rate” shall mean the rate of interest per annum announced by the Administrative Agent as its prime rate in effect at its principal office (such announced Prime Rate not being intended to be the lowest rate of interest charged by the Administrative Agent in connection with extensions of credit to debtors).

"Product": any current or future service or product researched, designed, developed, manufactured, licensed, marketed, sold, performed, distributed or otherwise commercialized by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, and any such product in development or which may be developed; provided, that for purposes of Article IV, "Product" shall not include products designed, developed and manufactured by third parties that are not Affiliates of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries.

"Product Authorizations": any and all approvals (including pricing and reimbursement approvals), licenses, notifications, registrations or authorizations of any Governmental Authority necessary for the manufacture, development, distribution, use, storage, import, export, transport, promotion, marketing, sale or other commercialization of a Product in any country or jurisdiction, including without limitation registration and listing, IDEs, Device Approval Applications (including any supplements and amendments thereto) or similar applications, post- approval marketing authorizations (including any prerequisite manufacturing approval or authorization related thereto), labeling approvals, and technical, medical, and scientific licenses.

“Pro Forma Basis”: with respect to any calculation or determination for any period, in making such calculation or determination on the specified date of determination (the “Determination Date”):

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“Projected Pro Forma Financial Statements”: pro forma and projected balance sheets, income statements and cash flow statements and projections prepared by the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries that give effect (as if such events had occurred on such date) to (i) the Loans to be made on the Closing Date and the use of proceeds thereof, (ii) the incurrence of the 2026 Notes and (iii) the payment of fees and expenses in connection with the foregoing, in each case prepared as of December 31, 2020 and on a quarterly basis through the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2022 and on an annual basis for each fiscal year thereafter through the term of this Agreement.

“Projections”: as defined in Section 6.2(c).

“Properties”: as defined in Section 4.17(a).

“PTE”: a prohibited transaction class exemption issued by the U.S. Department of Labor, as any such exemption may be amended from time to time.

“Public Company Costs”: as to any Person, costs associated with, or in anticipation of, or preparation for, compliance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated in connection therewith and costs relating to compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 (as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder, as amended) and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder, as amended) or any other comparable body of laws, rules or regulations, as companies with listed equity, directors’ compensation, fees and expense reimbursement, costs relating to enhanced accounting functions and investor relations, stockholder meetings and reports to stockholders, directors’ and officers’ insurance and other executive costs, legal and other professional fees, listing fees and other

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transaction costs, in each case to the extent arising solely by virtue of the listing of such Person’s equity securities on a national securities exchange or issuance of public debt securities.

“Qualified Cash”: Unrestricted Cash held at such time by the Loan Parties in Deposit Accounts or Securities Accounts subject to a first priority perfected Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent.

“Qualified Counterparty”: with respect to any Specified Swap Agreement, any counterparty thereto that is a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender or, at the time such Specified Swap Agreement was entered into or as of the Effective Date, was the Administrative Agent or a Lender or an Affiliate of the Administrative Agent or a Lender.

“Qualified ECP Guarantor”: in respect of any Swap Obligation, (a) each Guarantor that has total assets exceeding $10,000,000 at the time the relevant Guarantee Obligation of such Guarantor provided in respect of, or the Lien granted by such Guarantor to secure, such Swap Obligation (or guaranty thereof) becomes effective with respect to such Swap Obligation, and (b) any other Guarantor that (i) constitutes an “eligible contract participant” under the Commodity Exchange Act or any regulations promulgated thereunder, or (ii) can cause another Person (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any other Guarantor not then constituting a “Qualified ECP Guarantor”) to qualify as an “eligible contract participant” at such time by entering into a “keepwell, support, or other agreement” as contemplated by Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.

“Qualified Plan”: an employee benefit plan (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA) other than a Multiemployer Plan (a) that is or was at any time maintained or sponsored by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate thereof or to which any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate thereof has ever made, or was ever obligated to make, contributions, and (b) that is intended to be tax‑qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code.

“Recipient”: the (a) Administrative Agent, (b) any Lender or (c) the Issuing Lender, as applicable.

“Recovery Event”: any settlement of or payment in respect of any property or casualty insurance claim or any condemnation proceeding relating to any asset of any Group Member.

“Reference Time”: with respect to any setting of the then-current Benchmark means (i) if such Benchmark is the Eurodollar Rate, 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the day that is two London banking days preceding the date of such setting, and (ii) if such Benchmark is not the Eurodollar Rate, the time determined by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion.

“Refinancing”: as defined in Section 2.11(b).

“Refunded Swingline Loans”: as defined in Section 2.7(b).

“Register”: as defined in Section 10.6(c).

“Regulation D”: Regulation D of the Federal Reserve Board, as in effect from time to time and all official rulings and interpretations thereunder or thereof.

“Regulation T”: Regulation T of the Board as in effect from time to time.

“Regulation U”: Regulation U of the Board as in effect from time to time.

“Regulation X”: Regulation X of the Board as in effect from time to time.

“Reinvestment Deferred Amount”: with respect to any Reinvestment Event, the aggregate Net Cash Proceeds received by any Loan Party in connection therewith that are not applied to prepay the Loans or other amounts pursuant to Section 2.12(e) as a result of the delivery of a Reinvestment Notice.

“Reinvestment Event”: any Asset Sale or Recovery Event in respect of which the Borrower has delivered a Reinvestment Notice.

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“Reinvestment Notice”: a written notice executed by a Responsible Officer stating that no Event of Default has occurred and that the Borrower (directly or indirectly through a Guarantor) intends and expects to use all or a specified portion of the Net Cash Proceeds of an Asset Sale or Recovery Event to acquire new or replacement assets or to repair assets useful in its business.

“Reinvestment Prepayment Amount”: with respect to any Reinvestment Event, the Reinvestment Deferred Amount relating thereto less any amount expended prior to the relevant Reinvestment Prepayment Date to acquire new or replacement assets or to repair assets useful in the Borrower’s business.

“Reinvestment Prepayment Date”: with respect to any Reinvestment Event, the earlier of (a) the date occurring one hundred eighty days (180) (or such longer period as the Administrative Agent may agree in its reasonable discretion) after such Reinvestment Event, and (b) the date on which the Borrower (or its Subsidiaries) shall have determined not to, or shall have otherwise ceased to, acquire new or replacement assets or not to repair assets useful in the Borrower’s business with all or any portion of the relevant Reinvestment Deferred Amount.

“Related Parties”: with respect to any Person, such Person’s Affiliates and the partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, trustees, administrators, managers, advisors and representatives of such Person and of such Person’s Affiliates.

“Relevant Governmental Body”: the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, or a committee officially endorsed or convened by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, or any successor thereto.

“Replacement Lender”: as defined in Section 2.23.

“Required Lenders”: at any time, (a) if only one Lender holds the outstanding Term Loans and the Revolving Commitments, such Lender; and (b) if more than one Lender holds the outstanding Term Loans and Revolving Commitments, then at least two unaffiliated Lenders who hold more than 50% of the sum of (i) the aggregate unpaid principal amount of the Term Loans then outstanding, and (ii) the Total Revolving Commitments (including, without duplication, the L/C Commitments) then in effect or, if the Revolving Commitments have been terminated, the Total Revolving Extensions of Credit then outstanding; provided that for the purposes of this clause (b), the outstanding principal amount of the Term Loans held by any Defaulting Lender and the Revolving Commitments of, and the portion of the Revolving Loans and participations in L/C Exposure and Swingline Loans held or deemed held by, any Defaulting Lender shall be excluded for purposes of making a determination of Required Lenders; provided further that a Lender and its Affiliates shall be deemed one Lender.

“Requirement of Law”: as to any Person, any law (including the Healthcare Laws), treaty, rule or regulation or determination of an arbitrator or a court or other Governmental Authority (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and any successor thereto or similar authority or successor thereto), in each case applicable to or binding upon such Person or any of its property or to which such Person or any of its property is subject.

“Resolution Authority”: an EEA Resolution Authority or, with respect to any UK Financial Institution, a UK Resolution Authority.

“Responsible Officer”: with respect to any Loan Party, the chief executive officer, president, vice president, chief financial officer, treasurer, controller or comptroller of such Loan Party, but in any event, with respect to financial matters, the chief financial officer, treasurer, controller or comptroller of such Loan Party.

“Restricted Payments”: as defined in Section 7.6. For purposes of clarification, a conversion or exchange of any Convertible Indebtedness (in accordance with its terms) shall not constitute a Restricted Payment.

“Revolving Commitment”: as to any Lender, the obligation of such Lender, if any, to make Revolving Loans and participate in Swingline Loans and Letters of Credit in an aggregate principal amount not to

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exceed the amount set forth under the heading “Revolving Commitment” opposite such Lender’s name on Schedule 1.1A, as such Schedule 1.1A may be amended from time to time pursuant to Section 2.27, if Incremental Revolving Commitments are advanced thereunder, or in the Assignment and Assumption, an Incremental Joinder or other amendment pursuant to which such Lender became a party hereto, as the same may be changed from time to time pursuant to the terms hereof (including in connection with assignments and Incremental Facilities permitted hereunder). The original amount of the Total Revolving Commitments is $40,000,000. The L/C Commitment and the Swingline Commitment are each sublimits of the Total Revolving Commitments. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in no case shall more than $30,000,000 of Revolving Loans or Letters of Credit be outstanding on the Closing Date.

“Revolving Commitment Period”: the period from and including the Closing Date to the Revolving Termination Date.

“Revolving Extensions of Credit”: as to any Revolving Lender at any time, an amount equal to the sum of (a) the aggregate principal amount of all Revolving Loans held by such Lender then outstanding, plus (b) such Lender’s L/C Percentage of the aggregate undrawn amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit (including any Existing Letters of Credit) at such time, plus (c) such Lender’s L/C Percentage of the aggregate amount of all L/C Disbursements that have not yet been reimbursed or converted into Revolving Loans at such time, plus (d) such Lender’s Revolving Percentage of the aggregate principal amount of Swingline Loans then outstanding.

“Revolving Facility”: the Revolving Commitments and the extensions of credit made thereunder.

“Revolving Lender”: each Lender that has a Revolving Commitment or that holds Revolving Loans.

“Revolving Loan Conversion”: as defined in Section 3.5(b).

“Revolving Loan Funding Office”: the office of the Administrative Agent specified in Section 10.2 or such other office as may be specified from time to time by the Administrative Agent as its funding office by written notice to the Borrower and the Lenders.

“Revolving Loan Note”: a promissory note in the form of Exhibit H-1, as it may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

“Revolving Loans”: as defined in Section 2.4(a).

“Revolving Percentage”: as to any Revolving Lender at any time, the percentage which such Lender’s Revolving Commitment then constitutes of the Total Revolving Commitments or, at any time after the Revolving Commitments if all Lenders shall have expired or terminated, the percentage which the aggregate principal amount of such Lender’s Revolving Loans then outstanding constitutes of the aggregate principal amount of all Revolving Loans then outstanding; provided that in the event that the Revolving Loans are paid in full prior to the reduction to zero of the Total Revolving Commitments, the Revolving Percentages shall be determined in a manner designed to ensure that the other outstanding Revolving Extensions of Credit shall be held by the Revolving Lenders on a comparable basis.

“Revolving Termination Date”: the earliest to occur of (x) May 6, 2026 and (y) the date which is ninety-one (91) days prior to the stated maturity of the 2026 Notes (other than any maturity occurring in connection with any refinancings, refundings, renewals or extensions of all or substantially all (it being understood that any refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension of all but $10,000,000 of outstanding principal amount of the 2026 Notes shall constitute substantially all of the 2026 Notes) the 2026 Notes (which results in the maturity date thereof being extended to a date which is at least ninety-one (91) days after May 6, 2026)).

“S&P”: Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services.

“Sale Leaseback Transaction”: any arrangement with any Person or Persons, whereby in contemporaneous or substantially contemporaneous transactions a Loan Party sells substantially all of its

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right, title and interest in any property and, in connection therewith, acquires, leases or licenses back the right to use all or a material portion of such property.

“Sanction(s)”: any international economic sanction administered or enforced by the United States Government (including OFAC), the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty’s Treasury or other relevant sanctions authority.

“SEC”: the Securities and Exchange Commission, any successor thereto and any analogous Governmental Authority.

“Secured Parties”: the collective reference to the Administrative Agent, the Lenders (including any Issuing Lender in its capacity as Issuing Lender and any Swingline Lender in its capacity as Swingline Lender), any Cash Management Bank (in its or their respective capacities as providers of Cash Management Services), and any Qualified Counterparties.

“Securities Account”: any “securities account” as defined in the UCC with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made.

“Securities Account Control Agreement”: any Control Agreement entered into by the Administrative Agent, a Loan Party and a securities intermediary holding a Securities Account of such Loan Party pursuant to which the Administrative Agent is granted “springing control” (for purposes of the UCC) over such Securities Account.

“Securities Act”: the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time and any successor statute.

“Security Documents”: the collective reference to (a) the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, (b) the Mortgages, (c) each Intellectual Property Security Agreement, (d) each Deposit Account Control Agreement, (e) each Securities Account Control Agreement, (f) all other security documents hereafter delivered to the Administrative Agent granting a Lien on any property of any Person to secure the Obligations of any Loan Party arising under any Loan Document, (g) each Pledge Supplement, (h) each Assumption Agreement, (i) all other security documents hereafter delivered to any applicable Cash Management Bank granting a Lien on any property of any Person to secure the Obligations of any Group Member arising under any Cash Management Agreement, and (j) all financing statements, fixture filings, patent, trademark and copyright filings, assignments, acknowledgments and other filings, documents and agreements made or delivered pursuant to any of the foregoing.

“SOFR”: with respect to any Business Day, a rate per annum equal to the secured overnight financing rate for such Business Day publishedas administered by the SOFR Administrator on the SOFR Administrator’s Website on the immediately succeeding Business Day.

“SOFR Administrator”: the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (or a successor administrator of the secured overnight financing rate).

“SOFR Administrator’s Website”: the website of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, currently at http://www.newyorkfed.org, or any successor source for the secured overnight financing rate identified as such by the SOFR Administrator from time to time.

“SOFR Borrowing”: as to any Borrowing, the SOFR Loans comprising such Borrowing.

“SOFR Determination Day”: as defined in the definition of “Daily Simple SOFR”.

“SOFR Loan”: a Loan that bears interest at a rate based on Adjusted Term SOFR, other than pursuant to clause (c) of the definition of “ABR”.

“SOFR Rate Day”: as defined in the definition of “Daily Simple SOFR”.

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“SOFR Tranche”: the collective reference to SOFR Loans under a particular Facility (other than the L/C Facility), the then current Interest Periods with respect to all of which begin on the same date and end on the same later date (whether or not such Loans shall originally have been made on the same day).

“Solvency Certificate”: the Solvency Certificate, dated the Closing Date, delivered to the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 5.2(m), which Solvency Certificate shall be in substantially the form of Exhibit D.

“Solvent”: when used with respect to any Person, as of any date of determination, (a) the amount of the “fair value” of the assets of such Person will, as of such date, exceed the amount of all “liabilities of such Person, contingent or otherwise,” as of such date, as such quoted terms are determined in accordance with applicable federal and state laws governing determinations of the insolvency of debtors, (b) the “present fair saleable value” of the assets of such Person will, as of such date, be greater than the amount that will be required to pay the liability of such Person on its debts as such debts become absolute and matured, as such quoted terms are determined in accordance with applicable federal and state laws governing determinations of the insolvency of debtors, (c) such Person will not have, as of such date, an unreasonably small amount of capital with which to conduct its business, and (d) such Person will be able to pay its debts generally as they mature. For purposes of this definition, (i) “debt” means liability on a “claim,” and (ii) “claim” means any (x) right to payment, whether or not such a right is reduced to judgment, liquidated, unliquidated, fixed, contingent, matured, unmatured, disputed, undisputed, legal, equitable, secured or unsecured or (y) right to an equitable remedy for breach of performance if such breach gives rise to a right to payment, whether or not such right to an equitable remedy is reduced to judgment, fixed, contingent, matured or unmatured, disputed, undisputed, secured or unsecured.

“Specified Acquisition Agreement Representations”: such of the representations and warranties made by the sellers and their Affiliates in the Limited Condition Acquisition Agreement as are material to the interests of the Lenders, but only to the extent that the Borrower (or its applicable Affiliates) has the right (taking into account any applicable cure provisions) to terminate its (or such Affiliates’) obligations under the Limited Condition Acquisition Agreement, or decline to consummate the acquisition (in each case, in accordance with the terms thereof), as a result of a breach of such representations and warranties.

“Specified Event of Default”: any Event of Default under Section 8.1(a), or Section 8.1(f).

“Specified Representations”: those representations and warranties made in Sections 4.3(a) (with respect to the organizational existence of the Loan Parties only after giving effect to the Limited Condition Acquisition), 4.4 (excluding the third sentence thereof), 4.5 (solely with respect to the first sentence and with respect to Operating Documents), 4.11, 4.14, 4.19, 4.20 (giving effect to the Limited Condition Acquisition and the incurrence of the Increase loans in connection therewith), 4.28 and 4.29 (solely to the effect that the use of proceeds of any Increase loans in connection with the Limited Condition Acquisition on the date of the acquisition will not violate the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, the Patriot Act or sanctions administered by OFAC).

“Specified Swap Agreement”: any Swap Agreement entered into by a Loan Party and any Qualified Counterparty (or any Person who was a Qualified Counterparty as of the Effective Date or as of the date such Swap Agreement was entered into) to the extent permitted under Section 7.13.

“Subordinated Debt Document”: any agreement, certificate, document or instrument executed or delivered by any Group Member and evidencing Indebtedness of any Group Member which is subordinated to the Obligations (including payment, lien and remedies subordination terms, as applicable) in a manner approved in writing by the Administrative Agent, and any renewals, modifications, or amendments thereof which are approved in writing by the Administrative Agent.

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“Subordinated Indebtedness”: Indebtedness of a Loan Party subordinated to the Obligations pursuant to subordination terms (including payment, lien and remedies subordination terms, as applicable) reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent.

“Subsidiary”: as to any Person, a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity of which shares of stock or other ownership interests having ordinary voting power (other than stock or such other ownership interests having such power only by reason of the happening of a contingency) to elect a majority of the board of directors or other managers of such corporation, partnership or other entity are at the time owned, or the management of which is otherwise controlled, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, or both, by such Person. Unless otherwise qualified, all references to a “Subsidiary” or to “Subsidiaries” in this Agreement shall refer to a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Borrower.

“Surety Indebtedness”: as of any date of determination, indebtedness (contingent or otherwise) owing to sureties arising from surety bonds issued on behalf of any Group Member as support for, among other things, their contracts with customers, whether such indebtedness is owing directly or indirectly by such Loan Party or any such Subsidiary.

“SVB”: as defined in the preamble hereto.

“Swap Agreement”: any agreement with respect to any swap, hedge, forward, future or derivative transaction or option or similar agreement involving, or settled by reference to, one or more rates, currencies, commodities, equity or debt instruments or securities, or economic, financial or pricing indices or measures of economic, financial or pricing risk or value or any similar transaction or any combination of these transactions; provided that no phantom stock or similar plan providing for payments only on account of services provided by current or former directors, officers, employees or consultants of the Group Members shall be deemed to be a “Swap Agreement.”

“Swap Obligation”: with respect to any Guarantor, any obligation of such Guarantor to pay or perform under any agreement, contract or transaction that constitutes a “swap” within the meaning of Section 1a(47) of the Commodity Exchange Act.

“Swap Termination Value”: in respect of any one or more Swap Agreements, after taking into account the effect of any legally enforceable netting agreement relating to such Swap Agreements, (a) for any date on or after the date any such Swap Agreement has been closed out and termination value determined in accordance therewith, such termination value, and (b) for any date prior to the date referenced in clause (a), the amount determined as the mark-to-market value for such Swap Agreement, as determined based upon one or more mid-market or other readily available quotations provided by any recognized dealer in such Swap Agreements (which may include a Qualified Counterparty).

“Swingline Commitment”: the obligation of the Swingline Lender to make Swingline Loans pursuant to Section 2.6 in an aggregate principal amount at any one time outstanding not to exceed $5,000,000.

“Swingline Lender”: SVB, in its capacity as the lender of Swingline Loans or such other Lender as the Borrower may from time to time select as the Swingline Lender hereunder pursuant to Section 2.7(f); provided that such Lender has agreed to be a Swingline Lender.

“Swingline Loan Note”: a promissory note in the form of Exhibit H-2, as it may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

“Swingline Loans”: as defined in Section 2.6.

“Swingline Participation Amount”: as defined in Section 2.7(c).

“Synthetic Lease Obligation”: the monetary obligation of a Person under (a) a so-called synthetic, off-balance sheet or tax retention lease or (b) an agreement for the use of property creating obligations that do not appear on the balance sheet of such Person but which, upon the insolvency or bankruptcy of such Person, would be characterized as the indebtedness of such Person (without regard to accounting treatment).

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“Taxes”: all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, withholdings (including backup withholding), assessments, fees or other charges imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.

“Term Commitment”: as to any Lender, the obligation of such Lender, if any, to make a Term Loan to the Borrower in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed the amount set forth under the heading “Term Commitment” opposite such Lender’s name on Schedule 1.1A. The original aggregate principal amount of the Term Commitments is $80,000,000.

“Term Facility”: the Term Commitments and the Term Loans made thereunder.

“Term Lender”: each Lender that has a Term Commitment or that holds a Term Loan.

“Term Loan”: the term loans made by the Lenders pursuant to Section 2.1 and any Incremental Term Loans.

“Term Loan Funding Office”: the office of the Administrative Agent specified in Section 10.2 or such other office as may be specified from time to time by the Administrative Agent as its funding office by written notice to the Borrower and the Lenders.

“Term Loan Maturity Date”: the earliest to occur of (x) May 6, 2026 and (y) the date which is ninety-one (91) days prior to the stated maturity of the 2026 Notes (other than any maturity occurring in connection with any refinancings, refundings, renewals or extensions of all or substantially all (it being understood that any refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension of all but $10,000,000 of outstanding principal amount of the 2026 Notes shall constitute substantially all of the 2026 Notes) the 2026 Notes (which results in the maturity date thereof being extended to a date which is at least ninety-one (91) days after May 6, 2026)).

“Term Loan Note”: a promissory note in the form of Exhibit H-3, as it may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

“Term Percentage”: as to any Term Lender at any time, the percentage which such Lender’s Term Commitments and funded Term Loans then constitutes of the aggregate Term Commitments and funded Term Loans of all Lenders.

 

“Term SOFR”: for the applicable Corresponding Tenor as of the applicable Reference Time, the forward-looking term rate based on SOFR that has been selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body.

“Term SOFR Notice”: a notification by the Administrative Agent to the Lenders and the Borrower of the occurrence of a Term SOFR Transition Event.

(a) for any calculation with respect to a SOFR Loan, the Term SOFR Reference Rate for a tenor comparable to the applicable Interest Period on the day (such day, the “Periodic Term SOFR Determination Day”) that is two (2) U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to the first day of such Interest Period, as such rate is published by the Term SOFR Administrator; provided, however, that if as of 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on any Periodic Term SOFR Determination Day the Term SOFR Reference Rate for the applicable tenor has not been published by the Term SOFR Administrator and a Benchmark Replacement Date with respect to the Term SOFR Reference Rate has not occurred, then Term SOFR will be the Term SOFR Reference Rate for such tenor as published by the Term SOFR Administrator on the first preceding U.S. Government Securities Business Day for which such Term SOFR Reference Rate for such tenor was published by the Term SOFR Administrator so long as such first preceding U.S. Government Securities Business Day is not more than three (3) U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to such Periodic Term SOFR Determination Day; and

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“Term SOFR Transition Event”: the determination by the Administrative Agent that (a) Term SOFR has been recommended for use by the Relevant Governmental Body, and is determinable for each Available Tenor, (b) the administration of Term SOFR is administratively feasible for the Administrative Agent and (c) a Benchmark Transition Event or an Early Opt-in Election, as applicable, has previously occurred resulting in a Benchmark Replacement that is not Term SOFR.(b) for any calculation with respect to an ABR Loan on any day, the Term SOFR Reference Rate for a tenor of one month on the day (such day, the “ABR Term SOFR Determination Day”) that is two (2) U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to such day, as such rate is published by the Term SOFR Administrator; provided, however, that if as of 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on any ABR Term SOFR Determination Day the Term SOFR Reference Rate for the applicable tenor has not been published by the Term SOFR Administrator and a Benchmark Replacement Date with respect to the Term SOFR Reference Rate has not occurred, then Term SOFR will be the Term SOFR Reference Rate for such tenor as published by the Term SOFR Administrator on the first preceding U.S. Government Securities Business Day for which such Term SOFR Reference Rate for such tenor was published by the Term SOFR Administrator so long as such first preceding U.S. Government Securities Business Day is not more than three (3) U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to such ABR SOFR Determination Day.

“Term SOFR Adjustment”: for any calculation with respect to an ABR Loan or a SOFR Loan, a percentage per annum as set forth below for the applicable Type of such Loan and (if applicable) Interest Period therefor:

ABR Loans: 0.10%

 

 

SOFR Loans:

Interest Period	Percentage
One month	0.10%
Three months	0.10%
Six months	0.10%

 

“Term SOFR Administrator”: the CME Group Benchmark Administration Limited (CBA) (or a successor administrator of the Term SOFR Reference Rate selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion).

“Term SOFR Borrowing”: as to any Borrowing, the Loans bearing interest at a rate based on Adjusted Term SOFR comprising such Borrowing other than pursuant to clause (c) of the definition of “ABR”.

“Term SOFR Reference Rate”: the forward-looking term rate based on SOFR.

“Total Credit Exposure”: is, as to any Lender at any time, the unused Commitments, Revolving Extensions of Credit and outstanding Term Loans of such Lender at such time.

“Total L/C Commitments”: at any time, the sum of all L/C Commitments at such time, as the same may be reduced from time to time pursuant to Section 2.10 or 3.5(b). The initial amount of the Total L/C Commitments on the Closing Date is $5,000,000.

“Total Revolving Commitments”: at any time, the aggregate amount of the Revolving Commitments then in effect.

“Total Revolving Extensions of Credit”: at any time, the aggregate amount of the Revolving Extensions of Credit outstanding at such time.

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“Trade Date”: as defined in Section 10.6(b)(i)(B).

“Type”: as to any Loan, its nature as an ABR Loan or a EurodollarSOFR Loan.

“UK Financial Institution”: any BRRD Undertaking (as such term is defined under the PRA Rulebook (as amended form time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Prudential Regulation Authority) or any person falling within IFPRU 11.6 of the FCA Handbook (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority, which includes certain credit institutions and investment firms, and certain affiliates of such credit institutions or investment firms.

“UK Resolution Authority”: the Bank of England or any other public administrative authority having responsibility for the resolution of any UK Financial Institution.

“Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement”: the applicable Benchmark Replacement excluding the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment.

“Unfriendly Acquisition”: any acquisition that has not, at the time of the first public announcement of an offer relating thereto, been approved by the board of directors (or other legally recognized governing body) of the Person to be acquired; except that with respect to any acquisition of a non-U.S. Person, an otherwise friendly acquisition shall not be deemed to be unfriendly if it is not customary in such jurisdiction to obtain such approval prior to the first public announcement of an offer relating to a friendly acquisition.

“Uniform Commercial Code” or “UCC”: the Uniform Commercial Code (or any similar or equivalent legislation) as in effect from time to time in the State of New York, or as the context may require, any other applicable jurisdiction.

“United States” and “U.S.”: the United States of America.

“Unrestricted Cash”: cash and Cash Equivalents of the Loan Parties that would not appear as “restricted” on a consolidated balance sheet of the Group Members (other than as are restricted in favor of the Administrative Agent to secure the Obligations).

“USCRO”: the U.S. Copyright Office.

“USPTO”: the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

“U.S. Government Securities Business Day”: any day except for (a) a Saturday, (b) a Sunday or (c) a day on which the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association recommends that the fixed income departments of its members be closed for the entire day for purposes of trading in United States government securities.

“U.S. Person”: any Person that is a “United States Person” as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code.

“U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate”: as defined in Section 2.20(f).

“Withholding Agent”: as applicable, any of any applicable Loan Party and the Administrative Agent, as the context may require.

“Write-Down and Conversion Powers”: (a) with respect to any EEA Resolution Authority, the write-down and conversion powers of such EEA Resolution Authority from time to time under the Bail-In Legislation for the applicable EEA Member Country, which write-down and conversion powers are described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule, and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, any powers of the applicable Resolution Authority under the Bail-In Legislation to cancel, reduce, modify or change the form of a liability of any UK Financial Institution or any contract or instrument under which that liability arises, to convert all or part of that liability into shares, securities or obligations of that person or any other person, to provide that any such contract or instrument is to have effect as if a right had been exercised under it or to suspend any obligation in respect of that liability or any of the powers under that Bail-In Legislation that are related to or ancillary to any of those powers.

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. Any financial ratios required to be maintained by the Borrower pursuant to this Agreement shall be calculated by dividing the appropriate component by the other component, carrying the result to one place more than the number of places by which such ratio is expressed herein and rounding the result up or down to the nearest number (with a rounding-up if there is no nearest number).

. In connection with any action being taken in connection with a Limited Condition Acquisition, for purposes of determining compliance with any provision of this Agreement which requires the calculation of Consolidated EBITDA, Consolidated Senior Net Leverage Ratio, Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio or any other financial ratio or metric, at the option of the Borrower (and, if the Borrower elects to exercise such option, such option shall be exercised on or prior to the date on which the definitive agreement for such Limited Condition Acquisition is executed) (the Borrower’s election to exercise such option in connection with any Limited Condition Acquisition, an “LCA Election”), then notwithstanding anything else to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the date of determination of whether any such action is permitted hereunder, shall be deemed to be the date the definitive agreements for such Limited Condition Acquisition are entered into (the “LCA Test Date”), and if, after giving pro forma effect to the Limited Condition Acquisition and the other transactions to be entered into in connection therewith (including any Incurrence of Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof) as if they had occurred at the beginning of the most recent period of four fiscal quarters then ended prior to the LCA Test Date for which consolidated financial statements of the Borrower are available, the Borrower could have taken such action on the relevant LCA Test Date in compliance with such ratio or basket, such ratio or basket shall be deemed to have been complied with. If the Borrower has made an LCA Election for any Limited Condition Acquisition, then in connection with any subsequent calculation of any basket availability with respect to the incurrence of Indebtedness, the grant of Liens, or the making of Investments, Restricted Payments, Dispositions, mergers and consolidations or other transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of any Loan Party or any Subsidiary on or following the relevant LCA Test Date and prior to the earlier of the date on which such Limited Condition Acquisition is consummated or the definitive agreement for such Limited Condition Acquisition is terminated or expires without consummation of such Limited Condition Acquisition, any such ratio or basket shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis assuming both that such Limited Condition Acquisition and other transactions in connection therewith (including any incurrence of Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof) have been consummated and have not been consummated.

The Administrative Agent does not warrant or accept responsibility for, and shall not have any liability with respect to, (a) the continuation of, administration of, submission of, calculation of or any other matter related to ABR, Term SOFR Reference Rate, Adjusted Term SOFR, Term SOFR, or any component definition thereof or rates referred to in the definition thereof, or any alternative, successor or replacement rate thereto (including any Benchmark Replacement), including whether the composition or characteristics of any such alternative, successor or replacement rate (including any Benchmark Replacement) will be similar to, or produce the same value or economic equivalence of, or have the same volume or liquidity as, ABR, Term SOFR Reference Rate, Adjusted Term SOFR, Term SOFR or any other Benchmark prior to its discontinuance or unavailability, or (b) the effect, implementation or composition of any Conforming Changes. The Administrative Agent and its affiliates or other related entities may engage in transactions that affect the calculation of ABR, Term SOFR Reference Rate, Adjusted Term SOFR, Term SOFR, any alternative, successor or replacement rate (including any Benchmark Replacement) or any relevant adjustments thereto, in each case, in a manner adverse to the Borrower. The Administrative Agent may select information sources or services in its reasonable discretion to ascertain ABR, Term SOFR Reference Rate, Adjusted Term SOFR, Term SOFR or any other Benchmark, in each case, pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, and shall have no liability to the Borrower, any Lender or any other Person for damages of

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any kind, including direct or indirect, special, punitive, incidental or consequential damages, costs, losses or expenses (whether in tort, contract or otherwise and whether at law or in equity), for any error or calculation of any such rate (or component thereof) provided by any such information source or service.

. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, each Term Lender severally agrees to make a Term Loan to the Borrower on the Closing Date in an amount equal to the amount of the Term Commitment of such Lender. The Term Loans may from time to time be EurodollarSOFR Loans or ABR Loans, as determined by the Borrower and notified to the Administrative Agent in accordance with Sections 2.2 and 2.13.

. The Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent an irrevocable Notice of Borrowing (which must be received by the Administrative Agent prior to 10:00 A.M. one (1) Business Day prior to the anticipated Closing Date) requesting that the Term Lenders make the Term Loans on the Closing Date and specifying the amount to be borrowed. Upon receipt of such Notice of Borrowing, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Term Lender thereof. Not later than 12:00 P.M. on the Closing Date each Term Lender shall make available to the Administrative Agent at the Term Loan Funding Office an amount in immediately available funds equal to the Term Loan to be made by such Lender. The Administrative Agent shall credit the account of the Borrower on the books of such office of the Administrative Agent with the aggregate of the amounts made available to the Administrative Agent by the Term Lenders in immediately available funds or, if so specified in the Flow of Funds Agreement, the Administrative Agent shall wire transfer or otherwise credit all or a portion of such aggregate amounts to the Existing Agent (for application against amounts in accordance with the wire instructions specified in the Flow of Funds Agreement).

. Beginning on September 30, 2021, the Term Loan shall be repaid in consecutive quarterly installments on the last day of each calendar quarter, each of which installments shall be in an amount equal to (a) from September 30, 2021 through and including June 30, 2022, 1.25% of the original principal amount of the Term Loans, (b) from September 30, 2022 through and including June 30, 2024, 1.875% of the original principal amount of the Term Loans, and (c) from September 30, 2024 and the last day of each quarter thereafter until the Term Loan Maturity Date, 2.50% of the original principal amount of the Term Loans.

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. The Borrower may borrow under the Revolving Commitments during the Revolving Commitment Period on any Business Day; provided that the Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent an irrevocable Notice of Borrowing (which must be received by the Administrative Agent prior to 10:00 A.M. (a) three (3)U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to the requested Borrowing Date, in the case of EurodollarSOFR Loans, or (b) one (1) Business Day prior to the requested Borrowing Date, in the case of ABR Loans) (provided that any such Notice of Borrowing of ABR Loans under the Revolving Facility to finance payments under Section 3.5(a) may be given not later than 10:00 A.M. on the date of the proposed borrowing), in each such case specifying (i) the amount and Type of Revolving Loans to be borrowed, (ii) the requested Borrowing Date, (iii) in the case of Eurodollar Loans, the respective amounts of each such Type of Loan and the (iv) in the case of SOFR Loans, the respective lengths of the initial Interest Period therefor, and (ivv) instructions for remittance of the proceeds of the applicable Loans to be borrowed. If no Interest Period is specified with respect to any requested SOFR Loan, the Borrower shall be deemed to have selected an Interest Period of one month’s duration. Each borrowing under the Revolving Commitments shall be in an amount equal to $1,000,000 or a whole multiple of $100,000 in excess thereof (or, if the then Available Revolving Commitments are less than $1,000,000, such lesser amount); provided that the Swingline Lender may request, on behalf of the Borrower, borrowings under the Revolving Commitments that are ABR Loans in other amounts pursuant to Section 2.7). Upon receipt of any such Notice of Borrowing from the Borrower, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Revolving Lender thereof. Each Revolving Lender will make the amount of its pro rata share of each such borrowing available to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Borrower at the Revolving Loan Funding Office prior to 12:00 P.M10:00 A.M. on the Borrowing Date requested by the Borrower in funds immediately available to the Administrative Agent. Such borrowing will then be made available to the Borrower by the Administrative Agent crediting such account as is designated in writing to the Administrative Agent by the Borrower with the aggregate of the amounts made available to the Administrative Agent by the Revolving Lenders and in like funds as received by the Administrative Agent.

. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, the Swingline Lender agrees to make available a portion of the credit accommodations otherwise available to the Borrower under the Revolving Commitments from time to time during the Revolving Commitment Period by making swing line loans (each a “Swingline Loan” and, collectively, the “Swingline Loans”) to the Borrower; provided that (a) the aggregate principal amount of Swingline Loans outstanding at any time shall not exceed the Swingline Commitment then in effect, (b) the Borrower shall not request, and the Swingline Lender shall not make,

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any Swingline Loan if, after giving effect to the making of such Swingline Loan, the Available Revolving Commitments would be less than zero, and (c) the Borrower shall not use the proceeds of any Swingline Loan to refinance any then outstanding Swingline Loan. During the Revolving Commitment Period, the Borrower may use the Swingline Commitment by borrowing, repaying and reborrowing, all in accordance with the terms and conditions hereof. Swingline Loans shall be ABR Loans only. The Borrower shall repay to the Swingline Lender the then unpaid principal amount of each Swingline Loan on the Revolving Termination Date. The Swingline Lender shall not make a Swingline Loan during the period commencing at the time it has received notice (by telephone or in writing) from the Administrative Agent at the request of any Lender, acting in good faith, that one or more of the applicable conditions specified in Section 5.3 (other than Section 5.3(d)) is not then satisfied and has had a reasonable opportunity to react to such notice and ending when such conditions are satisfied or duly waived.

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The Borrower shall have the right, upon not less than three (3) Business Days’ notice to the Administrative Agent, to terminate the Revolving Commitments or, from time to time, to reduce the amount of the Revolving Commitments without premium or penalty; provided that no such termination or reduction of the Revolving Commitments shall be permitted if, after giving effect thereto and to any prepayments of the Revolving Loans and Swingline Loans made on the effective date thereof, the Total Revolving Extensions of Credit would exceed the Available Revolving Commitments then in effect; provided that if such notice indicates that such termination or reduction is conditioned on the occurrence of a transaction it may be revoked if such transaction is not consummated. Any such reduction shall be in an amount equal to $1,000,000, or a whole multiple thereof (or, if the then Total Revolving Commitments are less than $1,000,000, such lesser amount), and shall reduce permanently the Revolving Commitments then in effect; provided further, if in connection with any such reduction or termination of the Revolving Commitments a EurodollarSOFR Loan is prepaid on any day other than the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto, the Borrower shall also pay any amounts owing pursuant to Section 2.21. The Borrower shall have the right, without penalty or premium, upon not less than three (3) Business Days’ notice to the Administrative Agent, to terminate the L/C Commitments or, from time to time, to reduce the amount of the L/C Commitments; provided that no such termination or reduction of L/C Commitments shall be permitted if, after giving effect thereto, the Total L/C Commitments shall be reduced to an amount that would result in the aggregate L/C Exposure exceeding the Total L/C Commitments (as so reduced). Any such reduction shall be in an amount equal to $1,000,000, or a whole multiple thereof (or, if the then Total Revolving Commitments are less than $1,000,000, such lesser amount), and shall reduce permanently the L/C Commitments then in effect.

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. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, all borrowings, conversions and continuations of EurodollarSOFR Loans and all selections of Interest Periods shall be in such amounts and be made pursuant to such elections so that, (a) after giving effect thereto, the aggregate principal amount of the EurodollarSOFR Loans comprising each EurodollarSOFR Tranche shall be equal to $1,000,000 or a whole multiple of $100,000 in excess thereof (or such lesser amount as shall represent all of the SOFR Loans then outstanding), and (b) no more than seven (7) EurodollarSOFR Tranches shall be outstanding at any one time.

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.

(a) If prior to the first day of any Interest Period (or as applicable, on any day on which an ABR Loan bearing interest determined by reference to the Eurodollar Rate is outstanding), the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders shall have reasonably determined (which determination shall be conclusive and binding upon the Borrower) in connection with any request for a Eurodollar Loan, a request for an ABR Loan to bear interest with reference to the Eurodollar Rate, or a conversion to or a continuation thereof that, by reason of circumstances affecting the relevant market, (i) Dollar deposits are not being offered to banks in the London interbank market for the applicable amount and Interest Period of such requested Loan or conversion or continuation, as applicable, (ii) adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining the Eurodollar Rate for such Interest Period, or (iii) the Eurodollar Rate determined or to be determined for such Interest Period will not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to such Lenders (as conclusively certified by such Lenders) of making or maintaining their affected Loans during such Interest Period, then, in any such case (i), (ii) or (iii), the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower and the relevant Lenders thereof as soon as practicable thereafter. Any such determination shall specify the basis for such determination and shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding for all purposes. Thereafter, (w) any Eurodollar Loans under the relevant Facility requested to be made on the first day of such Interest Period shall be made as ABR Loans, (x) any such requested ABR Loans which were to have utilized a Eurodollar Rate component in determining the ABR shall not utilize a Eurodollar Rate component in determining the ABR applicable to such requested ABR Loan, (y) any Loans under the relevant Facility that were to have been converted on the first day of such Interest Period to Eurodollar Loans shall be continued as ABR Loans and (z) any outstanding Eurodollar Loans under the relevant Facility shall be converted, on the last day of the then-current Interest Period, to ABR Loans. Until such notice has been withdrawn by the Administrative Agent, no further Eurodollar Loans under the relevant Facility shall be made or continued as such, nor shall the Borrower have the right to convert Loans under the relevant Facility to Eurodollar Loans, and the utilization of the Eurodollar Rate component in determining the ABR shall be suspended.

; Benchmark Replacement Setting

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the Administrative Agent will promptly so notify the Borrower and each Lender. Upon notice thereof by the Administrative Agent to the Borrower, any obligation of the Lenders to make and any right of the Borrower to continue SOFR Loans or to convert ABR Loans to SOFR Loans shall be suspended (to the extent of the affected SOFR Loans or, in the case of a Term SOFR Borrowing, the affected Interest Periods) until the Administrative Agent (with respect to clause (ii), at the instruction of the Required Lenders) revokes such notice. Upon receipt of such notice, (i) the Borrower may revoke any pending request for a borrowing of, conversion to or continuation of SOFR Loans (to the extent of the affected SOFR Loans or, in the case of a Term SOFR Borrowing, the affected Interest Periods) or, failing that, the Borrower will be deemed to have converted any such request into a request for a Borrowing of or conversion to ABR Loans in the amount specified therein and (ii) any outstanding affected SOFR Loans will be deemed to have been converted into ABR Loans immediately or, in the case of a Term SOFR Borrowing, at the end of the applicable Interest Period. Upon any such conversion, the Borrower shall also pay accrued interest on the amount so converted, together with any additional amounts required pursuant to Section 2.21. Subject to Section 2.17(b), if the Administrative Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error) that “Adjusted Term SOFR” cannot be determined pursuant to the definition thereof, in each case on any given day, the interest rate on ABR Loans shall be determined by the Administrative Agent without reference to clause (c) of the definition of “ABR” until the Administrative Agent revokes such determination.

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(B) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document and subject to the proviso below in this paragraph, if a Term SOFR Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred prior to the Reference Time in respect of any setting of the then-current Benchmark, then the applicable Benchmark Replacement will replace the then-current Benchmark for all purposes hereunder or under any Loan Document in respect of such Benchmark setting and subsequent Benchmark settings, without any amendment to, or further action or consent of any other party to, this Agreement or any other Loan Document; provided that this clause (B) shall not be effective unless the Administrative Agent has delivered to the Lenders and the Borrower a Term SOFR Notice. For the avoidance of doubt, the Administrative Agent shall not be required to deliver a Term SOFR Notice after a Term SOFR Transition Event and may do so in its sole discretion.

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and the result of any of the foregoing shall be, in the reasonable judgment of the Lender, to increase the cost to such Lender or such other Recipient of making, converting to, continuing or maintaining Loans determined with reference to the Eurodollar Rate or of maintaining its obligation to make such Loans, or to increase the cost to such Lender or such other Recipient of issuing, maintaining or participating in Letters of Credit (or of maintaining its obligation to participate in or to issue any Letter of Credit), or to reduce the amount of any sum receivable or received by such Lender or other Recipient hereunder in respect thereof (whether of principal, interest or any other amount), then, in any such case, upon the request of such Lender or other Recipient, the Borrower will promptly pay such Lender or other Recipient, as the case may be, any additional amount or amounts necessary to compensate such Lender or other Recipient, as the case may be, for such additional costs incurred or reduction suffered. If any Lender becomes entitled to claim any additional amounts pursuant to this paragraph, it shall promptly notify the Borrower (with a copy to the Administrative Agent) of the event by reason of which it has become so entitled.

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For purposes of this Section 2.20, the term “Lender” includes the Issuing Lender and the term “applicable Requirement of Law” includes FATCA.

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. The Borrower agrees to indemnify each Lender for, and to hold each Lender harmless from, any loss or expense that such Lender may sustain or incur as a consequence of (a) a default by the Borrower in making a borrowing of, conversion into or continuation of Eurodollar Loans after the Borrower has given a notice requesting the same in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, (b) a default by the Borrower in making any prepayment of or conversion from Eurodollar Loans after the Borrower has given a notice thereof in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, or (c) for any reason, the making of a prepayment of Eurodollar Loans on a day that is not the last day of an Interest Period with respect thereto. Such losses and expenses shall be equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the amount of interest that would have accrued on the amount so prepaid, or not so borrowed, reduced, converted or continued, for the period from the date of such prepayment or of such failure to borrow, reduce, convert or continue to the last day of such Interest Period (or, in the case of a failure to borrow, reduce, convert or continue, the Interest Period that would have commenced on the date of such failure) in each case at the applicable rate of interest or other return for such Loans provided for herein (excluding, however, the Applicable Margin included therein, if any), over (ii) the amount of interest (as reasonably determined by such Lender) that would have accrued to such Lender on such amount by placing such amount on deposit for a comparable period with leading banks in the interbank eurodollar market. A certificate as to any amounts payable pursuant to this Section submitted to the Borrower by any Lender shall be conclusive in the absence of manifest error. This covenant shall survive the Discharge of Obligations.

. In the event of (a) the payment of any principal of any SOFR Loan other than on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto (including as a result of an Event of Default), (b) the conversion of any SOFR Loan other than on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto (including as a result of an Event of Default), (c) the failure to borrow, convert, continue or prepay any SOFR Loan on the date specified in any notice delivered pursuant hereto, or (d) the assignment of any SOFR Loan other than on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto as a result of a request by the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.23), then, in any such event, the Borrower shall compensate each Lender for any loss, cost and expense attributable to such event, including any loss, cost or expense arising from the liquidation or redeployment of funds or from any fees payable. A certificate of any Lender setting forth any amount or amounts that such Lender is entitled to receive pursuant to this Section shall be delivered to the Borrower and shall be conclusive absent manifest error. The Borrower shall pay such Lender the amount shown as due on any such certificate within ten (10) days after receipt thereof.

. Each Lender agrees that, upon the occurrence of any event giving rise to the operation of Section 2.19(b), Section 2.19(c), Section 2.20(a), Section 2.20(b) or Section 2.20(d) with respect to such Lender, it will, if requested by the Borrower, use reasonable efforts to designate a different lending office for funding or booking its Loans affected by such event or to assign its rights and obligations hereunder to another of its offices, branches or affiliates, if, in the judgment of such Lender, such designation or assignment (i) would eliminate or reduce amounts payable pursuant to Section 2.19 or 2.20, as the case may be, in the future, and (ii) would not subject such Lender to any unreimbursed cost or expense and would not otherwise be disadvantageous to such Lender; provided that nothing in this Section shall affect or postpone any of the

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obligations of the Borrower or the rights of any Lender pursuant to Section 2.19(b), Section 2.19(c), Section 2.20(a), Section 2.20(b) or Section 2.20(d). The Borrower hereby agrees to pay all reasonable and documented costs and expenses incurred by any Lender in connection with any such designation or assignment made at the request of the Borrower.

. Upon the receipt by the Borrower of any of the following (or in the case of clause (a) below, if the Borrower is required to pay any such amount), with respect to any Lender (any such Lender described in clauses (a) through (c) below being referred to as an “Affected Lender” hereunder):

then the Borrower may, at its sole expense and effort, upon notice to such Lender and the Administrative Agent and such Affected Lender: (i) request that one or more of the other Lenders acquire and assume all or part of such Affected Lender’s Loans and Commitment; or (ii) designate a replacement lending institution (which shall be an Eligible Assignee) to acquire and assume all or a ratable part of such Affected Lender’s Loans and Commitment (the replacing Lender or lender in (i) or (ii) being a “Replacement Lender”); provided, however, that the Borrower shall be liable for the payment upon demand of all costs and other amounts arising under Section 2.21 that result from the acquisition of any Affected Lender’s Loan and/or Commitment (or any portion thereof) by a Lender or Replacement Lender, as the case may be, on a date other than the last day of the applicable Interest Period with respect to any EurodollarSOFR Loans then outstanding; and provided further, however, that if the Borrower elects to exercise such right with respect to any Affected Lender under clause (a) or (b) of this Section 2.23, then the Borrower shall be obligated to replace all Affected Lenders under such clauses. The Affected Lender replaced pursuant to this Section 2.23 shall be required to assign and delegate, without recourse, all of its interests, rights and obligations under this Agreement and the related Loan Documents to one or more Replacement Lenders that so agree to acquire and assume all or a ratable part of such Affected Lender’s Loans and Commitment upon payment to such Affected Lender of an amount (in the aggregate for all Replacement Lenders) equal to 100% of the outstanding principal of the Affected Lender’s Loans, accrued interest thereon, accrued fees and all other amounts payable to it hereunder and under the other Loan Documents from such Replacement Lenders (to the extent of such outstanding principal and accrued interest and fees) or the Borrower (in the case of all other amounts, including amounts under Section 2.21 hereof). Any such designation of a Replacement Lender shall be effected in accordance with, and subject to the terms and conditions of, the assignment provisions contained in Section 10.6 (with the assignment fee to be paid by the Borrower in such instance), and, if such Replacement Lender is not already a Lender hereunder or an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund, shall be subject to the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld). Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any assignment pursuant to this Section 2.23, (a) in the case of any such assignment resulting from a claim for compensation under Section 2.19 or payments required to be made pursuant to Section 2.20, such assignment shall result in a reduction in such compensation or payments thereafter; (b) such assignment shall not conflict with applicable law and (c) in the case of any assignment resulting from a Lender being a

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Minority Lender referred to in clause (b) of this Section 2.23, the applicable assignee shall have consented to the applicable amendment, waiver or consent. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Affected Lender shall not be required to make any such assignment or delegation if, prior thereto, as a result of a waiver by such Affected Lender or otherwise, the circumstances entitling the Borrower to require such assignment and delegation cease to apply.

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. If so requested by any Lender by written notice to the Borrower (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), the Borrower shall execute and deliver to such Lender (and/or, if applicable and if so specified in such notice, to any Person who is an assignee of such Lender pursuant to Section 10.6) (promptly after the Borrower’s receipt of such notice) a Note or Notes to evidence such Lender’s Loans.

.

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. The Borrower may from time to time request that the Issuing Lender issue a Letter of Credit for the account of the Borrower (for the benefit of the Borrower or that of any of its Subsidiaries) by delivering to the Issuing Lender at its address for notices specified herein an Application therefor, completed to the satisfaction of the Issuing Lender, and such other certificates, documents and other papers and information as the Issuing Lender may request. Upon receipt of any Application, the Issuing Lender will process such Application and the certificates, documents and other papers and information delivered to it in connection therewith in accordance with its customary procedures and shall promptly issue the Letter of Credit requested thereby (but in no event shall the Issuing Lender be required to issue any Letter of Credit earlier than three (3) Business Days after its receipt of the Application therefor and all such other certificates, documents and other papers and information relating thereto) by issuing the original of such Letter of Credit to the beneficiary thereof or as otherwise may be agreed to by the Issuing Lender and the Borrower. The Issuing Lender shall furnish a copy of such Letter of Credit to the Borrower promptly following the issuance thereof. The Issuing Lender shall promptly furnish to the Administrative Agent, which shall in turn promptly furnish to the Lenders, notice of the issuance of each Letter of Credit (including the amount thereof).

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.

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. The Borrower’s obligations under this Section 3 shall be absolute and unconditional under any and all circumstances and irrespective of any setoff, counterclaim or defense to payment that the Borrower may have or have had against the Issuing Lender, any beneficiary of a Letter of Credit or any other Person. The Borrower also agrees with the Issuing Lender that the Issuing Lender shall not be responsible for, and the Borrower’s obligations hereunder shall not be affected by, among other things, the validity or genuineness of documents or of any endorsements thereon, even though such documents shall in fact prove to be invalid, fraudulent or forged, or any dispute between or among the Borrower and any beneficiary of any Letter of Credit or any other party to which such Letter of Credit may be transferred or any claims whatsoever of the Borrower against any beneficiary of such Letter of Credit or any such transferee. The Issuing Lender shall not be liable for any error, omission, interruption or delay in transmission, dispatch or

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delivery of any message or advice, however transmitted, in connection with any Letter of Credit, except for errors or omissions found by a final and nonappealable decision of a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Issuing Lender. The Borrower agrees that any action taken or omitted by the Issuing Lender under or in connection with any Letter of Credit or the related drafts or documents, if done in the absence of gross negligence or willful misconduct, shall be binding on the Borrower and shall not result in any liability of the Issuing Lender to the Borrower.

In addition to amounts payable as elsewhere provided in the Agreement, the Borrower hereby agrees to pay and to protect, indemnify, and save Issuing Lender harmless from and against any and all claims, demands, liabilities, damages, losses, costs, charges and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) that the Issuing Lender may incur or be subject to as a consequence, direct or indirect, of (a) the issuance of any Letter of Credit, or (b) the failure of Issuing Lender or of any L/C Lender to honor a demand for payment under any Letter of Credit as a result of any act or omission, whether rightful or wrongful, of any present or future de jure or de facto government or Governmental Authority, in each case other than to the extent solely as a result of the gross negligence or willful misconduct of Issuing Lender or such L/C Lender (as finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction).

. If any draft shall be presented for payment under any Letter of Credit, the Issuing Lender shall promptly notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent of the date and amount thereof. The responsibility of the Issuing Lender to the Borrower in connection with any draft presented for payment under any Letter of Credit shall, in addition to any payment obligation expressly provided for in such Letter of Credit, be limited to determining that the documents (including each draft) delivered under such Letter of Credit in connection with such presentment are substantially in conformity with such Letter of Credit.

. To the extent that any provision of any Application related to any Letter of Credit is inconsistent with the provisions of this Section 3, the provisions of this Section 3 shall apply.

. If the Issuing Lender shall make any L/C Disbursement in respect of a Letter of Credit, then, unless either the Borrower shall have reimbursed such L/C Disbursement in full within the time period specified in Section 3.5(a) or the L/C Lenders shall have reimbursed such L/C Disbursement in full on such date as provided in Section 3.5(b), in each case the unpaid amount thereof shall bear interest for the account of the Issuing Lender, for each day from and including the date of such L/C Disbursement to but excluding the date of payment by the Borrower, at the rate per annum that would apply to such amount if such amount were a Revolving Loan that is an ABR Loan; provided that the provisions of Section 2.15(c) shall be applicable to any such amounts not paid when due.

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At any time that there shall exist a Defaulting Lender, within one (1) Business Day following the request of the Administrative Agent or the Issuing Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent Cash Collateral in an amount sufficient to cover 103% of the Fronting Exposure relating to the Letters of Credit (after giving effect to Section 2.24(a)(iv) and any Cash Collateral provided by such Defaulting Lender).

. The Borrower may, at any time and from time to time with the consent of the Administrative Agent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld) and such Lender, designate one or more additional Lenders to act as an issuing bank under the terms of this Agreement. Any Lender designated as an issuing bank pursuant to this paragraph shall be deemed to be an “Issuing Lender” (in addition to being

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a Lender) in respect of Letters of Credit issued or to be issued by such Lender, and, with respect to such Letters of Credit, such term shall thereafter apply to the other Issuing Lender and such Lender.

. The Issuing Lender may resign at any time by giving at least thirty (30) days’ prior written notice to the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Borrower. Subject to the next succeeding paragraph, upon the acceptance of any appointment as the Issuing Lender hereunder by a Lender that shall agree to serve as successor Issuing Lender, such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all the interests, rights and obligations of the retiring Issuing Lender and the retiring Issuing Lender shall be discharged from its obligations to issue additional Letters of Credit hereunder without affecting its rights and obligations with respect to Letters of Credit previously issued by it. At the time such resignation shall become effective, the Borrower shall pay all accrued and unpaid fees pursuant to Section 3.3. The acceptance of any appointment as the Issuing Lender hereunder by a successor Lender shall be evidenced by an agreement entered into by such successor, in a form satisfactory to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, and, from and after the effective date of such agreement, (i) such successor Lender shall have all the rights and obligations of the previous Issuing Lender under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and (ii) references herein and in the other Loan Documents to the term “Issuing Lender” shall be deemed to refer to such successor or to any previous Issuing Lender, or to such successor and all previous Issuing Lenders, as the context shall require. After the resignation of the Issuing Lender hereunder, the retiring Issuing Lender shall remain a party hereto and shall continue to have all the rights and obligations of an Issuing Lender under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents with respect to Letters of Credit issued by it prior to such resignation, but shall not be required to issue additional Letters of Credit or to extend, renew or increase any existing Letter of Credit.

. Unless otherwise expressly agreed by the Issuing Lender and the Borrower when a Letter of Credit is issued and subject to applicable laws, the Letters of Credit shall be governed by and subject to (a) with respect to standby Letters of Credit, the rules of the ISP, and (b) with respect to commercial Letters of Credit, the rules of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, as published in its most recent version by the International Chamber of Commerce on the date any commercial Letter of Credit is issued.

To induce the Administrative Agent and the Lenders to enter into this Agreement and to make the Loans and issue the Letters of Credit, the Borrower hereby represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and each Lender, as to themselves and each other Group Member, that:

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. Since June 30, 2020, there has been no development or event that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

. Each Group Member (a) is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing (if applicable) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, (b) has the power and authority, and the legal right, to own and operate its property, to lease the property it operates as lessee and to conduct the business in which it is currently engaged, (c) is duly qualified as a foreign corporation or other organization and in good standing (if applicable) under the laws of each jurisdiction, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect and (d) is in material compliance with all Requirements of Law except in such instances in which (i) such Requirement of Law is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted and the prosecution of such contest would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or (ii) the failure to comply therewith, either individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

. Each Loan Party has the power and authority, and the legal right, to make, deliver and perform the Loan Documents to which it is a party and, in the case of the Borrower, to obtain extensions of credit hereunder. Each Loan Party has taken all necessary organizational action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of the Loan Documents to which it is a party and, in the case of the Borrower, to authorize the extensions of credit on the terms and conditions of this Agreement. No Governmental Approval or consent or authorization of, filing with, notice to or other act by or in respect of, any other Person is required in connection with the extensions of credit hereunder or with the execution, delivery, performance, validity or enforceability of this Agreement or any of the Loan Documents, except (i) Governmental Approvals, consents, authorizations, filings and notices described on Schedule 4.4, which Governmental Approvals, consents, authorizations, filings and notices have been obtained or made and are in full force and effect and (ii) the filings referred to in Section 4.19. Each Loan Document has been duly

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executed and delivered on behalf of each Loan Party party thereto. This Agreement constitutes, and each other Loan Document upon execution will constitute, a legal, valid and binding obligation of each Loan Party party thereto, enforceable against each such Loan Party in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles (whether enforcement is sought by proceedings in equity or at law).

. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, the issuance of Letters of Credit, the extensions of credit hereunder and the use of the proceeds thereof will not violate any Requirement of Law, Operating Documents or any material Contractual Obligation of any Group Member and will not result in, or require, the creation or imposition of any Lien on any of their respective properties or revenues pursuant to any Requirement of Law, Operating Document or any such material Contractual Obligation (other than the Liens created by the Security Documents). No Group Member has violated any Requirement of Law or violated or failed to comply with any Contractual Obligation applicable to the Group Members that if violated or not complied with could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

. No litigation, investigation or proceeding of or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority is pending or, to the knowledge of any Loan Party, threatened by or against any Group Member or against any of their respective properties or revenues (a) with respect to any of the Loan Documents or any of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, or (b) that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

. No Group Member is in default under or with respect to any of its Contractual Obligations in any respect, except where such default could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, nor shall either result from the making of a requested credit extension.

. Each Group Member has title in fee simple to, or a valid leasehold interest in, all of its real property, and good title to, or a valid leasehold interest in, all of its other property, and none of such property is subject to any Lien except as permitted by Section 7.3.

. Except as could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (a) each Group Member owns, or has the right to use, all Intellectual Property necessary for the conduct of its business as currently conducted; (b) no claim has been asserted in writing and is pending by any Person challenging the use or the validity of any Group Member’s Intellectual Property, nor does any Loan Party know of any valid basis for any such claim; and (c) to the knowledge of any Loan Party, the use of Intellectual Property by each Group Member, and the conduct of such Group Member’s business, as currently conducted, does not infringe on or otherwise violate the Intellectual Property rights of any Person, and there are no claims pending or threatened in writing to such effect.

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. Each Group Member has, after giving effect to any extensions granted or grace periods in effect, filed or caused to be filed all Federal, material state and other material tax returns that are required to be filed and has paid all Taxes shown to be due and payable on said returns or on any assessments made against it or any of its property and all other Taxes, fees or other charges imposed on it or any of its property by any Governmental Authority (other than any Taxes, charges or assessments the amount or validity of which are currently being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and with respect to which reserves in conformity with GAAP have been provided on the books of the relevant Group Member or where the amount is less than $1,000,000 in the aggregate).

. The Borrower is not engaged and will not engage, principally or as one of its important activities, in the business of “buying” or “carrying” “margin stock” (within the respective meanings of each of the quoted terms under Regulation U as now and from time to time hereafter in effect) or extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock. No part of the proceeds of any Loans, and no other extensions of credit hereunder, will be used for buying or carrying any such margin stock or for extending credit to others for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock in violation of Regulations T, U or X of the Board. If any margin stock directly or indirectly constitutes Collateral securing the Obligations, if requested by any Lender or the Administrative Agent, the Borrower will furnish to the Administrative Agent and each Lender a statement to the foregoing effect in conformity with the requirements of FR Form G-3 or FR Form U-1, as applicable, referred to in Regulation U.

. Except as, in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect: (a) there are no strikes or other labor disputes against any Group Member pending or, to the knowledge of the Group Members, threatened; (b) hours worked by and payment made to employees of each Group Member have not been in violation of the Fair Labor Standards Act or any other applicable Requirement of Law dealing with such matters; and (c) all payments due from any Group Member on account of employee health and welfare insurance have been paid or accrued as a liability on the books of the relevant Group Member.

.

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. No Loan Party is an “investment company,” or a company “controlled” by an “investment company,” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. No Loan Party is subject to regulation under any Requirement of Law (other than Regulation X of the Board) that limits its ability to incur Indebtedness or which may otherwise render all or any portion of the Obligations unenforceable.

. Except as disclosed to the Administrative Agent by the Borrower in writing from time to time after the Effective Date, (a) Schedule 4.15 sets forth the name and jurisdiction of organization of each Subsidiary of the Borrower and, as to each such Subsidiary, the percentage of each class of Capital Stock owned by any Loan Party, (b) there are no outstanding subscriptions, options, warrants, calls, rights or other agreements or commitments (other than stock options granted to employees or directors and directors’

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qualifying shares) of any nature relating to any Capital Stock of any Group Member, except as may be created by the Loan Documents, the 2022 Notes and the 2026 Notes and (c) no Immaterial Subsidiary fails to satisfy the limitations set forth in the definition thereof.

. The proceeds of the Loan made on the Closing Date shall be used to refinance the obligations of the Borrower outstanding under the Existing Credit Facilities and to partially pay payment or redemption of all or substantially all of the 2022 Notes, to pay related fees and expenses, and for ongoing working capital and general corporate purposes. All or a portion of the proceeds of the Revolving Loans, Swingline Loans, Incremental Facilities and the Letters of Credit made after the Closing Date, shall be used to provide for ongoing working capital and general corporate purposes and to pay related fees and expenses.

. Except as, in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect:

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No statement or information (other than projections, other forward-looking information and industry information) contained in this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any other document, certificate or written statement furnished by or on behalf of any Loan Party to the Administrative Agent or the Lenders, or any of them, for use in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, contained as of the date such statement, written information, document or certificate was so furnished and taken as a whole (including any supplemental information), any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained herein or therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The projections and pro forma financial information contained in this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any other document, certificate or written statement furnished by or on behalf of any Loan Party to the Administrative Agent or the Lenders, or any of them, for use in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the other Loan Documents are based upon good faith estimates and assumptions believed by management of the Borrower to be reasonable at the time made, it being recognized by the Lenders that such financial information as it relates to future events is not to be viewed as fact and that actual results during the period or periods covered by such financial information may differ from the projected results set forth therein by a material amount. There is no fact known to any Loan Party that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect that has not been expressly disclosed herein, in the other Loan Documents or in any other documents, certificates and statements furnished to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders for use in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and by the other Loan Documents.

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; Voidable Transaction. The Group Members (when taken as a whole), and after giving effect to the incurrence of all Indebtedness, Obligations and obligations being incurred in connection herewith, will be Solvent. No transfer of property is being made by any Loan Party and no obligation is being incurred by any Loan Party in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the other Loan Documents with the intent to hinder, delay, or defraud either present or future creditors of such Loan Party

. No Mortgage encumbers improved real property that is located in an area that has been identified by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development as an area having special flood hazards and in which flood insurance has not been made available under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968.

. The Loan Documents and all of the Obligations have been deemed “Designated Senior Indebtedness” or a similar concept thereto for purposes of any other Indebtedness for borrowed money of the Loan Parties, to the extent that the agreements governing such other Indebtedness includes such concept.

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. All insurance maintained by the Loan Parties is in full force and effect, all premiums have been duly paid, no Loan Party has received notice of violation or cancellation thereof, and there exists no default under any requirement of such insurance beyond any applicable grace period (in each case, except to the extent such default could not reasonably be expected to be materially adverse to the Lenders or result in cancellation of such party or a reduction in coverage thereunder). Each Loan Party maintains insurance with what, to the knowledge of such Loan Party, are financially sound and reputable insurance companies on its property in at least such amounts and against at least such risks (but including in any event public liability, product liability, and business interruption) as are usually insured against in the same general area by companies engaged in the same or a similar business.

. No Loan Party has received any notice of, nor does any Loan Party have any knowledge of, the occurrence or pendency or contemplation of any Casualty Event affecting its property that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

.

. No Group Member, nor, to the knowledge of any such Group Member, any director, officer, employee, agent, affiliate, advisor or representative thereof, is an individual or an entity that is, or is owned or controlled by an individual or entity that is (a) currently the subject of any Sanctions, or (b) located, organized or resident in a Designated Jurisdiction.

. Each Group Member has conducted its businesses in compliance in all material respects with applicable anti-corruption laws and has instituted and maintained policies and procedures designed to promote and achieve compliance with such laws.

 

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. This Agreement shall be effective and valid and binding on each party hereto, subject to the satisfaction of each of the following conditions on or prior to the Effective Date:

For purposes of determining compliance with the conditions specified in this Section 5.1, each Lender that has executed and released its signature page to this Agreement shall be deemed to have

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consented to, approved or accepted or to be satisfied with, each document or other matter either sent (or made available) by the Administrative Agent to such Lender for consent, approval, acceptance or satisfaction, or required thereunder to be consented to or approved by or acceptable or satisfactory to such Lender, unless an officer of the Administrative Agent responsible for the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents shall have received notice from such Lender prior to the Effective Date specifying such Lender’s objection thereto and either such objection shall not have been withdrawn by notice to the Administrative Agent to that effect on or prior to the Effective Date.

. The obligation of each Lender to make its initial extension of credit hereunder shall be subject to the satisfaction or waiver, prior to or concurrently with the making of such extension of credit on the Closing Date, of the following conditions precedent, provided that such conditions have been satisfied (or otherwise waived by the Administrative Agent and all of the Lenders) on or before May 20, 2021 (and if the following conditions are not satisfied, all commitments and obligations to extend credit hereunder shall terminate):

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For purposes of determining compliance with the conditions specified in this Section 5.2, each Lender that has made available to the Administrative Agent on or prior to the Closing Date such Lender’s Revolving Percentage or Term Percentage, as the case may be, shall be deemed to have consented to, approved or accepted or to be satisfied with, each document or other matter either sent (or made available) by the Administrative Agent to such Lender for consent, approval, acceptance or satisfaction, or required thereunder to be consented to or approved by or acceptable or satisfactory to such Lender.

. The agreement of each Lender to make any extension of credit requested to be made by it on any date (including its initial extension of credit, but excluding any Revolving Loan Conversion and any conversion or continuation of Loans pursuant to Section 2.13) is subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions precedent:

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Each borrowing by and issuance of a Letter of Credit on behalf of the Borrower hereunder, each Revolving Loan Conversion and each conversion of a Term Loan shall constitute a representation and warranty by the Borrower as of the date of such extension of credit, Revolving Loan Conversion or conversion of a Term Loan, as applicable, that the conditions contained in this Section 5.3 have been satisfied.

. The Borrower shall satisfy each of the conditions subsequent to the Closing Date specified in this Section 5.4 to the satisfaction of the Administrative Agent, in each case, by no later than the date specified for such condition below (or such later date as the Administrative Agent shall agree in its sole discretion):

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Borrower hereby agrees that, at all times prior to the Discharge of Obligations, each of the Loan Parties shall, and, where applicable, shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to:

. Furnish to the Administrative Agent, for distribution to each Lender:

All such financial statements shall be complete and correct in all material respects and shall be prepared in reasonable detail and in accordance with GAAP applied (except as approved by such accountants or officer, as the case may be, and disclosed in reasonable detail therein, and in the case of quarterly financials, except for the absence of footnotes and subject to year-end adjustments) consistently throughout the periods reflected therein and with prior periods.

Additionally, information required to be delivered pursuant to this Section 6.1 and Section 6.2(e) (to the extent any such information is included in Forms 10-K or 10-Q or otherwise filed with the SEC) may be delivered electronically and, shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date (i) on which Borrower posts such information, or provides a link thereto on the Borrower’s website on the Internet at the website address listed in Section 10.2; (ii) when such information is posted electronically on the Borrower’s behalf on an internet or intranet website to which each Lender and the Administrative Agent have access (whether a commercial, third-party website or whether sponsored by the Administrative Agent), if any; or (iii) on

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which Borrower files such Form 10-K, Form 10-Q or other report, as applicable, with the SEC and such documents are publicly available on the SEC’s EDGAR filing system or any successor thereto, if any; provided that, in the case of clauses (i) and (ii), (A) the Borrower shall deliver copies of such documents to the Administrative Agent upon its request to the Borrower to deliver such copies until written request to cease delivering paper copies is given by the Administrative Agent and (B) the Borrower shall notify (which may be by facsimile or electronic mail) the Administrative Agent of the posting of any such documents. The Administrative Agent shall have no obligation to request the delivery of or to maintain paper copies of the documents referred to above., and in any event shall have no responsibility to monitor compliance by the Borrower with any such request by a Lender for delivery, and each Lender shall be solely responsible for requesting delivery to it or maintaining its copies of such documents,

. Furnish to the Administrative Agent, for distribution to each Lender:

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. Pay, discharge or otherwise satisfy at or before maturity or before they become delinquent, as the case may be, all its obligations of whatever nature, except where the amount or validity thereof is currently being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and reserves in conformity with GAAP with respect thereto have been provided on the books of the relevant Group Member or where the nonpayment or nondischarge of which could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or result in a Lien against the Collateral, except for Liens permitted pursuant to Section 7.3.

. (a)(i) Preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect its organizational existence and (ii) take all reasonable action to maintain or obtain all Governmental Approvals and all other rights, privileges and franchises necessary in the normal conduct of its business or necessary for the performance by such Person of its Obligations under any Loan Document, except, in each case, as otherwise permitted by Section 7.4 and except, in the case of clauses (i) (other than with respect to any Loan Party) or (ii) above, to the extent that failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; (b) comply with all Contractual Obligations (including with respect to leasehold interests of the Borrower) and Requirements of Law (including any Healthcare Laws) except to the extent that failure to comply therewith could not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and (c) comply with all Governmental Approvals and any term, condition, rule, filing or fee obligation, or other requirement related thereto, except to the extent that failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Borrower shall, and shall cause each

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of its ERISA Affiliates to: (1) maintain each Plan in compliance in all material respects with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code or other Federal or state law; (2) cause each Qualified Plan to maintain its qualified status under Section 401(a) of the Code; (3) make all required contributions to any Plan; (4) not become a party to any Multiemployer Plan; and (5) ensure that all liabilities under each Plan are either (x) funded to at least the minimum level required by law or, if higher, to the level required by the terms governing such Plan; (y) insured with a reputable insurance company; or (z) provided for or recognized in the financial statements most recently delivered to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders pursuant hereto.

. (a) Keep all tangible property useful and necessary in its business in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear and casualty loss excepted, and (b) maintain with what, to the knowledge of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower, are financially sound and reputable insurance companies insurance on all its material property in at least such amounts and against at least such risks as are usually insured against in the same general geographic area by companies of a similar size that are engaged in the same or a similar business.

. (a) Keep proper books of records and account in which full, true and correct entries in conformity with GAAP and all Requirements of Law shall be made of all dealings and transactions in relation to its business and activities and (b) on five (5) Business Days’ notice (proved that no notice shall be required if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing) permit representatives and independent contractors of the Administrative Agent (who may be accompanied by any Lender) to visit and inspect any of its properties (subject to the terms of the applicable lease) and examine and make abstracts from any of its books and records at any reasonable time during normal business hours and as often as may reasonably be desired and to discuss the business, operations, properties and financial and other condition of the Group Members with officers, directors and employees of the Group Members and with their independent certified public accountants; provided that the Administrative Agent shall give any Group Member an opportunity for its representatives to participate in any discussions with its accountants; provided further that that (i) Borrower’s responsibility to pay the expenses of such inspections shall not exceed once per year at each property, unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and (ii) nothing in this Section 6.7 shall require any Group Member to take any action that would violate a confidentiality agreement (to the extent not created in contemplation of such Group Member’s obligations hereunder), waive any attorney-client or similar privilege or disclose trade secrets.

Give prompt written notice to the Administrative Agent of:

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(ii) promptly after the giving, sending or filing thereof, or the receipt thereof, copies of (1) each Schedule B (Actuarial Information) to the annual report (Form 5500 Series) filed by the Borrower or any of its ERISA Affiliates with the IRS with respect to each Pension Plan, (2) all notices received by the Borrower or any of its ERISA Affiliates from a Multiemployer Plan sponsor concerning an ERISA Event, and (3) copies of such other documents or governmental reports or filings relating to any Plan as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably request;

Each notice pursuant to this Section 6.8 shall be accompanied by a statement of a Responsible Officer setting forth details of the occurrence referred to therein and stating what action the relevant Group Member proposes to take with respect thereto.

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. Except as otherwise agreed to by the Administrative Agent, within one year of the Closing Date and at all times thereafter until the Discharge of Obligations, maintain all of the Borrower’s and its Domestic Subsidiaries’ domestic depository accounts, operating accounts, and excess cash and Cash Equivalents with one or more Lenders or their Affiliates; provided that such accounts shall be subject to a first lien priority perfected security interest in favor of the Administrative Agent within ninety (90) days of the Closing Date or such later date as may be agreed to by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion.

.

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. At any time the combined Consolidated EBITDA of the Loan Parties on a stand-alone basis fails to account for more than 50.1% of the Consolidated EBITDA of the Group Members for any twelve (12) consecutive month period ending on the last day of any fiscal quarter of the Borrower, to the extent requested by the Administrative Agent, the Borrower shall within thirty (30) days (ninety (90) days in the case of a Foreign Subsidiary) or such later date as the Administrative Agent may approve in its sole discretion), cause a sufficient number of Subsidiaries which are reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent (including for the avoidance of doubt any Foreign Subsidiaries or Immaterial Subsidiaries as may be required to satisfy this Section 6.13) as are not then Guarantors to become Guarantors (and deliver such documents, certificates and opinions as may be required to secure a perfected first priority Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent and as otherwise reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent) so that, when the combined Consolidated EBITDA of the Loan Parties on a stand-alone basis is recalculated to include the Consolidated EBITDA of such new Guarantors, the combined Consolidated EBITDA of the Loan Parties on a stand-alone basis shall account for 50.1% or more of Consolidated EBITDA of the Group Members for such period.

. Use the proceeds of each credit extension only for the purposes specified in Section 4.16.

. Cause the Loan Documents and all of the Obligations to be deemed “Designated Senior Indebtedness” or a similar concept thereto for purposes of any other Indebtedness for borrowed money of the Loan Parties, to the extent that the agreements governing such other Indebtedness includes such concept.

. Conduct its business in compliance in all material respects with applicable Sanctions, with the FCPA, the UK Bribery Act 2010 and any other applicable anti-corruption laws, and maintain policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote and achieve compliance by the Borrower, its Subsidiaries, and their respective directors, officers and employees with such laws.

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. Execute any further instruments and take such further action as the Administrative Agent reasonably deems necessary to perfect, protect, ensure the priority of or continue the Administrative Agent’s Lien on the Collateral or to effect the purposes of this Agreement.

Borrower hereby agrees that, at all times prior to the Discharge of Obligations, no Loan Party shall, nor shall any Loan Party permit any of its respective Subsidiaries, to, directly or indirectly:

Trailing Four (4) Fiscal Quarters Ending	Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio
September 30, 2021	1.25:1.00
December 31, 2021	1.25:1.00
March 31, 2022	1.25:1.00
June 30, 2022	1.25:1.00
September 30, 2022	1.25:1.00
December 31, 2022	1.10:1.00
March 31, 2023	1.15:1.00
June 30, 2023	1.20:1.00
September 30, 2023 and each fiscal quarter thereafter	1.25:1.00

 

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Trailing Four (4) Fiscal Quarters Ending	Consolidated Senior Net Leverage Ratio
September 30, 2021	3.50:1.00
December 31, 2021	3.50:1.00
March 31, 2022	3.00:1.00
June 30, 2022	3.00:1.00
September 30, 2022	3.00:1.00
December 31, 2022	3.003.50:1.00
March 31, 2023	3.00:1.00
June 30, 2023	2.75:1.00
March 31September 30, 2023 and each fiscal quarter thereafter	2.50:1.00

. Create, issue, incur, assume, become liable in respect of or suffer to exist any Indebtedness, except (and subject to the last sentence of this Section 7.2):

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provided that notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, at no time shall the funded Indebtedness for borrowed money of the Loan Parties exceed $232,000,000.

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. Create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon any of its property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except:

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. Consummate any merger, consolidation or amalgamation, division of or by a limited company, or an allocation of assets to a series of a limited liability company (or the unwinding of such division or allocation) or liquidate, wind up or dissolve itself (or suffer any liquidation or dissolution), or Dispose of all or substantially all of its property or business, except that:

. Dispose of any of its property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, or, in the case of any Subsidiary, issue or sell any shares of such Subsidiary’s Capital Stock to any Person, except:

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. Make any payment or prepayment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on, or redemption, purchase, retirement, defeasance (including in-substance or legal defeasance), sinking fund or similar payment with respect to, any Subordinated Indebtedness, pay any earn-out payment, seller debt or deferred purchase price payments, declare or pay any dividend (other than dividends payable solely in Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Person making such dividend) on, or make any payment on account of, or set apart assets for a sinking or other analogous fund for, the purchase, redemption, defeasance, retirement or other acquisition of, any Capital Stock of any Group Member, whether now or hereafter outstanding, or make any other distribution in respect thereof, either directly or indirectly, whether in cash or property or in obligations of any Group Member (collectively, “Restricted Payments”), except that:

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. Make any advance, loan, extension of credit (by way of guarantee or otherwise) or capital contribution to, or purchase any Capital Stock, bonds, notes, debentures or other debt securities of, or any assets constituting a business unit of, or make any other investment in, any Person (all of the foregoing, “Investments”), except:

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. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect, Borrower shall not, and shall not permit any of its ERISA Affiliates to: (a) terminate any Pension Plan so as to result in any liability to the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate, (b) permit to exist any ERISA Event which presents the risk of a liability to the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate, (c) make a complete or partial withdrawal (within the meaning of ERISA Section 4201) from any Multiemployer Plan so as to result in any material liability to the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate, (d) enter into any new Plan or modify any existing Plan so as to increase its obligations thereunder which could be reasonably likely to result in any material liability to the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate, (e) permit the present value of all nonforfeitable accrued benefits under any Plan (using the actuarial assumptions utilized by the PBGC upon termination of a Plan) materially to exceed the fair market value of Plan assets allocable to such benefits, all determined as of the most recent valuation date for each such Plan, or (f) engage in any transaction which would cause any obligation, or action taken or to be taken, hereunder (or the exercise by the Administrative Agent or any Lender of any of its rights under this Agreement, any Note or the other Loan Documents) to be a non-exempt (under a statutory or administrative class exemption) prohibited transaction under ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.

(a) Amend, modify, waive or otherwise change, or consent or agree to any amendment, modification, waiver or other change to, any of the terms of the Preferred Stock (i) that would move to an earlier date the scheduled redemption date (but only to the extent that moving any such scheduled redemption date would result in the redemption to be prior to ninety-one (91) days after the Revolving Termination Date) or increase the amount of any scheduled redemption payment or increase the rate or move to an earlier date any date for payment of dividends thereon or (ii) that could reasonably be expected to be otherwise materially adverse to any Lender or any other Secured Party; (b) other than pursuant to any refinancing or replacement of Indebtedness permitted by Section 7.2, amend, modify, waive or otherwise change, or consent or agree to any amendment, modification, waiver or other change to, any of the terms of any Indebtedness permitted by Section 7.2 (other than Indebtedness pursuant to any Loan Document and Subordinated Indebtedness which is addressed in Section 7.22) that would shorten the maturity (but only to the extent such shortening, would result in the maturity of such Indebtedness to be prior to 91 days after the Revolving Termination Date) or increase the amount of any payment of principal thereof or the rate of interest thereon or shorten any date for payment of interest thereon or that could reasonably be expected to be otherwise materially adverse to any Lender or any other Secured Party; or (c) make any payment or prepayment of principal of, premium, if any, or redemption, purchase, retirement, defeasance, sinking fund, settlement, conversion or similar payment with respect any Permitted Convertible Indebtedness unless made exclusively with common stock of the Borrower and cash in lieu of a fractional share due upon conversion thereof or in connection with a refinancing of existing Permitted Convertible Indebtedness with

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new Permitted Convertible Indebtedness to the extent permitted hereunder; provided that the Borrower may (x) make any payments in respect of the 2022 Notes that were not repaid or redeemed on or prior to the Closing Date so long as the Payment Conditions are satisfied and (y) pay, when due, interest, fees and reimbursable indemnities and expenses payable in respect of any Permitted Convertible Indebtedness.

. Except as otherwise disclosed on Schedule 7.11, enter into any transaction, including any purchase, sale, lease or exchange of property, the rendering of any service or the payment of any management, advisory or similar fees, with any Affiliate (other than any other Loan Party) unless such transaction is (a) (i) otherwise permitted under this Agreement, (ii) in the ordinary course of business of the relevant Group Member, and (iii) upon fair and reasonable terms no less favorable to the relevant Group Member than it would obtain in a comparable arm’s length transaction with a Person that is not an Affiliate, (b) a Restricted Payment permitted by Section 7.6, (c) reasonable and customary indemnification arrangements, employee benefits, compensation arrangements (including equity-based compensation and bonuses), and reimbursement of expenses of employees, consultants, officers, and directors, in each case, approved by the board of directors or management of the Borrower or its Subsidiaries, (d) for sales of equity interests in the Borrower to Affiliates of the Borrower not otherwise prohibited by the Loan Documents and the granting of registration and other customary rights in connection therewith.

. Enter into any Sale Leaseback Transaction, except in connection with transactions that would be permitted under this Section 7.

. Enter into any Swap Agreement, except Specified Swap Agreements which are entered into by a Group Member to (a) hedge or mitigate risks to which such Group Member has actual exposure (other than those in respect of Capital Stock), or (b) effectively cap, collar or exchange interest rates (from fixed to floating rates, from one floating rate to another floating rate or otherwise) with respect to any interest-bearing liability or investment of such Group Member.

. Make any change in its (a) accounting policies or reporting practices, except as required by GAAP, or (b) fiscal year.

. Enter into or suffer to exist or become effective any agreement that prohibits or limits the ability of any Loan Party to create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon any of its property or revenues, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, to secure its Obligations under the Loan Documents to which it is a party, other than (a) this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, (b) any agreements governing any purchase money Liens or Capital Lease Obligations otherwise permitted hereby (in which case, any prohibition or limitation shall only be effective against the assets financed thereby), (c) customary restrictions on the assignment of leases, licenses and other similar agreements and (d) any agreement in effect at the time any Subsidiary becomes a Subsidiary of a Loan Party, so long as such agreement was not entered into solely in contemplation of such Person becoming a Subsidiary or, in any such case, that is set forth in any agreement evidencing any amendments, restatements, supplements, modifications, extensions, renewals and replacements of the foregoing, so long as such amendment, restatement, supplement,

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modification, extension, renewal or replacement applies only to such Subsidiary and does not otherwise expand in any material respect the scope of any restriction or condition contained therein, (e) any restriction pursuant to any document, agreement or instrument governing or relating to any Lien permitted under Sections 7.3(c), (d), (f), (g), (l), (m), (n), and (q) (provided that any such restriction relates only to the assets or property subject to such Lien), (f) customary provisions in joint venture agreement and other similar agreements that restrict the transfer of ownership interests in such joint ventures or provisions limiting the disposition or distribution of assets or property (other than dividends on a pro rata basis based on ownership percentage) of the applicable joint venture, which limitation is applicable only to the assets that are the subject of such agreements; provided that such agreement was not entered into in contravention of the terms of the Loan Documents, (f) limitations set forth in Subordinated Indebtedness and (g) limitations set forth in any Permitted Convertible Indebtedness and the Existing Credit Facilities.

. Enter into or suffer to exist or become effective any consensual encumbrance or restriction on the ability of any Subsidiary to (a) make Restricted Payments in respect of any Capital Stock of such Subsidiary held by, or to pay any Indebtedness owed to, any other Group Member, (b) make loans or advances to, or other Investments in, any other Group Member, or (c) transfer any of its assets to any other Group Member, except for such encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of (i) any restrictions existing under the Loan Documents, (ii) any restrictions with respect to a Subsidiary imposed pursuant to an agreement that has been entered into in connection with a Disposition permitted hereby of all or substantially all of the Capital Stock or assets of such Subsidiary, (iii) customary restrictions on the assignment of leases, licenses and other agreements, (iv) restrictions of the nature referred to in clause (c) above under agreements governing purchase money liens or Capital Lease Obligations otherwise permitted hereby which restrictions are only effective against the assets financed thereby, (v) any agreement in effect at the time any Subsidiary becomes a Subsidiary of a Borrower, so long as such agreement applies only to such Subsidiary, was not entered into solely in contemplation of such Person becoming a Subsidiary or, in each case that is set forth in any agreement evidencing any amendments, restatements, supplements, modifications, extensions, renewals and replacements of the foregoing, so long as such amendment, restatement, supplement, modification, extension, renewal or replacement is not as a whole materially less favorable to such Subsidiary, (vi) restrictions under any Subordinated Debt Documents, (vii) restrictions on the transfer of any asset pending the close of the sale of such asset and customary restrictions contained in purchase agreements and acquisition agreements (including by way of merger, acquisition or consolidation), to the extent in effect pending the consummation of such transaction, (viii) customary net worth provisions or similar financial maintenance provisions contained in real property leases entered into by a Foreign Subsidiary, so long as the Borrower has determined in good faith that such net worth provisions could not reasonably be expected to impair the ability of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries to meet their ongoing obligations under the Loan Documents, (ix) applicable law, (x) restrictions on cash or other deposits or net worth imposed under agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business, (xi) provisions in joint venture agreements and other similar agreements (including equity holder agreements) relating to such joint venture or its members or entered into in the ordinary course of business, (xii) any restriction pursuant to any document, agreement or instrument governing or relating to any Lien permitted under Sections 7.3(c), (d), (f), (g), (l), (m), (n), and (q) (provided that any such restriction relates only to the assets or property subject to such Lien) or (xiii) restrictions set forth in any Permitted Convertible Indebtedness and the Existing Credit Facilities.

. Enter into any business, either directly or through any Subsidiary, except for those businesses in which the Group Members are engaged on the date of this Agreement or that are reasonably related, ancillary or incidental thereto.

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.

Amend or permit any amendments to any Loan Party’s organizational documents if such amendment could reasonably be expected to be materially adverse to the Administrative or the Lenders.

. Use the proceeds of any Loan or extension of credit hereunder, whether directly or indirectly, (a) to purchase or carry margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U of the Board) or to extend credit to others for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock or to refund Indebtedness originally incurred for such purpose, in each case in violation of, or for a purpose which violates, or would be inconsistent with, Regulation T, U or X of the Board; (b) to finance an Unfriendly Acquisition; or (c) to fund any activities of or business with any individual or entity, or in any Designated Jurisdiction, that, at the time of such funding, is the subject of Sanctions, or in any other manner that will result in a violation by any individual or entity (including any individual or entity participating in the transaction, whether as Lender, Lead Arranger, Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender, Swingline Lender, or otherwise) of Sanctions (or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any Subsidiary, joint venture partner or other individual or entity in violation of the foregoing); or (c) for any purpose which would breach the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, the UK Bribery Act 2010, or other similar legislation in other jurisdictions.

Amend, modify, supplement, waive compliance with, or consent to noncompliance with, any Subordinated Debt Document, unless the amendment, modification, supplement, waiver or consent (i) does not adversely affect the Group Members’ ability to pay and perform each of their Obligations at the time and in the manner set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents and is not otherwise adverse to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders in any material respect, and (ii) is in compliance with the subordination provisions therein and any subordination agreement with respect thereto in favor of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders.

Conduct, deal in or engage in or permit any Affiliate or agent of any Loan Party within its control to conduct, deal in or engage in any of the following activities: (a) conduct any business or engage in any transaction or dealing with any person blocked pursuant to Executive Order No. 13224 (a “Blocked Person”), including the making or receiving any contribution of funds, goods or services to or for the benefit of any Blocked Person; (b) deal in, or otherwise engage in any transaction relating to, any property or interests in property blocked pursuant to Executive Order No. 13224; or (c) engage in or conspire to engage in any transaction that evades or avoids, or has the purpose of evading or avoiding, or attempts to violate, any of the prohibitions set forth in Executive Order No. 13224 or the Patriot Act.

The Borrower shall not permit Morphormics, Inc. to, directly or indirectly, (a) enter into or permit to exist any transaction or agreement (including any agreement for the incurrence or assumption of

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Indebtedness), between itself and any other Person, (b) engage in any business or conduct any activity (including the making of any Investment or payment) or transfer any of its assets and the performance of ministerial or administrative activities and payment of taxes and administrative fees necessary for the maintenance of its existence, (c) consolidate or merge with or into any other Person, or (d) create or suffer to exist any Lien upon any property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired.

. The occurrence of any of the following shall constitute an Event of Default:

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. If any Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Administrative Agent shall, at the request of, or may, with the consent of, the Required Lenders, take any or all of the following actions:

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. After the exercise of remedies provided for in Section 8.2, any amounts received by the Administrative Agent on account of the Obligations shall be applied by the Administrative Agent in the following order:

First, to the payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting fees, indemnities, expenses and other amounts (other than principal and interest but including any Collateral-Related Expenses, fees, charges and disbursements of counsel to the Administrative Agent and amounts payable under Sections 2.19, 2.20 and 2.21 (including interest thereon)) payable to the Administrative Agent, in its capacity as such;

Second, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting fees, indemnities and other amounts (other than principal, interest, and Letter of Credit Fees) payable to the Lenders, the Issuing Lender ((including any Letter of Credit Fronting Fees and Issuing Lender Fees), and any Qualified Counterparty and any applicable Cash Management Bank (in its respective capacity as a provider of Cash Management Services), and the reasonable, documented out-of-pocket fees, charges and disbursements of counsel to the respective Lenders and the Issuing Lender, and amounts payable under Sections 2.19, 2.20 and 2.21), in each case, ratably among them in proportion to the respective amounts described in this clause Second payable to them;

Third, to the extent that the Swingline Lender has advanced any Swingline Loans that have not been refunded by each Lender’s Swingline Participation Amount, payment to the Swingline Lender of

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that portion of the Obligations constituting the unpaid principal of and interest upon the Swingline Loans advanced by the Swingline Lender;

Fourth, to the payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting accrued and unpaid Letter of Credit Fees and interest in respect of any Cash Management Services and on the Loans and L/C Disbursements which have not yet been converted into Revolving Loans, and to payment of premiums and other fees (including any interest thereon) under any Specified Swap Agreements and any Cash Management Agreements, in each case, ratably among the Lenders, any applicable Cash Management Bank (in its respective capacity as a provider of Cash Management Services), and any Qualified Counterparties, in each case, ratably among them in proportion to the respective amounts described in this clause Fourth payable to them;

Fifth, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting unpaid principal of the Loans, L/C Disbursements which have not yet been converted into Revolving Loans, and settlement amounts, payment amounts and other termination payment obligations under any Specified Swap Agreements and Cash Management Agreements, in each case, ratably among the Lenders, any applicable Cash Management Bank (in its respective capacity as a provider of Cash Management Services), and any applicable Qualified Counterparties, in each case, ratably among them in proportion to the respective amounts described in this clause Fifth and payable to them;

Sixth, to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Issuing Lender, to Cash Collateralize that portion of the L/C Exposure comprised of the aggregate undrawn amount of Letters of Credit pursuant to Section 3.10;

Seventh, for the account of any applicable Qualified Counterparty and any applicable Cash Management Bank, to any settlement amounts, payment amounts and other termination payment obligations under any Specified Swap Agreements and Cash Management Agreements not paid pursuant to clause Fifth and to cash collateralize Obligations arising under any then outstanding Specified Swap Agreements and Cash Management Services, in each case, ratably among them in proportion to the respective amounts described in this clause Seventh payable to them;

Eighth, to the payment of all other Obligations of the Loan Parties that are then due and payable to the Administrative Agent and the other Secured Parties on such date, in each case, ratably among them in proportion to the respective aggregate amounts of all such Obligations described in this clause Eighth and payable to them; and

Last, the balance, if any, after the Discharge of Obligations, to the Borrower or as otherwise required by applicable Requirements of Law.

Subject to Sections 2.24(a), 3.4, 3.5 and 3.10, amounts used to Cash Collateralize the aggregate undrawn amount of Letters of Credit pursuant to clause Sixth above shall be applied to satisfy drawings under such Letters of Credit as they occur. If any amount remains on deposit as Cash Collateral for Letters of Credit after all Letters of Credit have either been fully drawn or expired, such remaining amount shall be applied to the other Obligations, if any, in the order set forth above.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Excluded Swap Obligation of any Guarantor shall be paid with amounts received from such Guarantor or from any Collateral in which such Guarantor has granted to the Administrative Agent a Lien (for the benefit of the Secured Parties) pursuant to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or any other applicable Security Document; provided, however, that each party to this Agreement hereby acknowledges and agrees that appropriate adjustments shall be made by the Administrative Agent (which adjustments shall be controlling in the absence of manifest error) with respect

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to payments received from other Loan Parties to preserve the allocation of such payments to the satisfaction of the Obligations in the order otherwise contemplated in this Section 8.3.

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. The Administrative Agent may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers hereunder or under any other Loan Document by or through any one or more sub-agents appointed by the Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers by or through their respective Related Parties. The exculpatory provisions of this Section shall apply to any such sub-agent and to the Related Parties of the Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent, and shall apply to their respective activities in connection with the syndication of the Facilities provided for herein as well as activities as the Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for the negligence or misconduct of any sub-agents except to the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction determines in a final and nonappealable judgment that the Administrative Agent acted with gross negligence or willful misconduct in the selection of such sub agents.

. The Administrative Agent shall have no duties or obligations except those expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents, and its duties hereunder and thereunder shall be administrative in nature. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Administrative Agent shall not:

The Administrative Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it (i) with the consent or at the request of the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be necessary, or as the Administrative Agent shall believe in good faith shall be necessary, under the circumstances as provided in Sections 8.2 and 10.1), or (ii) in the absence of its own gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment.

The Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for or have any duty to ascertain or inquire into (i) any statement, warranty or representation made in or in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (ii) the contents of any certificate, report or other document delivered hereunder or thereunder or in connection herewith or therewith, (iii) the performance or observance of any of the covenants, agreements or other terms or conditions set forth herein or therein or the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default, (iv) the validity, enforceability, effectiveness or genuineness of this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any other agreement, instrument or document or (v) the satisfaction of any condition set forth in Section 5.1, Section 5.2, Section 5.3 or elsewhere herein, other than to confirm receipt of items expressly required to be delivered to the Administrative Agent.

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. The Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall not incur any liability for relying upon, any notice, request, certificate, consent, statement, instrument, document or other writing (including any electronic message, internet or intranet website posting or other distribution) believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed, sent or otherwise authenticated by the proper Person. The Administrative Agent also may rely upon any statement made to it orally or by telephone and believed by it to have been made by the proper Person, and shall not incur any liability for relying thereon. In determining compliance with any condition hereunder to the making of a Loan, or the issuance, extension, renewal or increase of a Letter of Credit, that by its terms must be fulfilled to the satisfaction of a Lender, the Administrative Agent may presume that such condition is satisfactory to such Lender unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice to the contrary from such Lender prior to the making of such Loan or the issuance of such Letter of Credit. The Administrative Agent may consult with legal counsel (who may be counsel for any of the Loan Parties), independent accountants and other experts selected by it, and shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it in accordance with the advice of any such counsel, accountants or experts. The Administrative Agent may deem and treat the payee of any Note as the owner thereof for all purposes unless a written notice of assignment, negotiation or transfer thereof shall have been filed with the Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent shall be fully justified in failing or refusing to take any action under this Agreement or any other Loan Document unless it shall first receive such advice or concurrence of the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of Lenders as shall be provided for herein or in the other Loan Documents) as it deems appropriate or it shall first be indemnified to its satisfaction by the Lenders against any and all liability and expense that may be incurred by it by reason of taking or continuing to take any such action. The Administrative Agent shall in all cases be fully protected in acting, or in refraining from acting, under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents in accordance with a request of the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of Lenders as shall be provided for herein or in the other Loan Documents), and such request and any action taken or failure to act pursuant thereto shall be binding upon the Lenders and all future holders of the Loans.

. The Administrative Agent shall not be deemed to have knowledge or notice of the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default unless the Administrative Agent has received notice in writing from a Lender or the Borrower referring to this Agreement, describing such Default or Event of Default and stating that such notice is a “notice of default.” In the event that the Administrative Agent receives such a notice, the Administrative Agent shall give notice thereof to the Lenders. The Administrative Agent shall take such action with respect to such Default or Event of Default as shall be reasonably directed by the Required Lenders (or, if so specified by this Agreement, all Lenders); provided that unless and until the Administrative Agent shall have received such directions, the Administrative Agent may (but shall not be obligated to) take such action or refrain from taking such action with respect to such Default or Event of Default as it shall deem advisable in the best interests of the Lenders.

. Each Lender expressly acknowledges that neither the Administrative Agent nor any of its officers, directors, employees, agents, attorneys in fact or Affiliates has made any representations or warranties to it and that no act by the Administrative Agent hereafter taken, including any review of the affairs of a Group Member or any Affiliate of a Group Member, shall be deemed to constitute any representation or warranty by the Administrative Agent to any Lender. Each Lender represents to the Administrative Agent that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender or any of their Related Parties, and based on such documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own appraisal of, and investigation into, the business, operations, property, financial and other condition and

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creditworthiness of the Group Members and their Affiliates and made its own credit analysis and decision to make its Loans hereunder and enter into this Agreement. Each Lender also agrees that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender or any of their Related Parties, and based on such documents and information as it shall from time to time deem appropriate, continue to make its own credit analysis, appraisals and decisions in taking or not taking action under or based upon this Agreement, the other Loan Documents or any related agreement or any document furnished hereunder or thereunder, and to make such investigation as it deems necessary to inform itself as to the business, operations, property, financial and other condition and creditworthiness of the Group Members and their Affiliates. Except for notices, reports and other documents expressly required to be furnished to the Lenders by the Administrative Agent hereunder, the Administrative Agent shall have no duty or responsibility to provide any Lender with any credit or other information concerning the business, operations, property, condition (financial or otherwise), prospects or creditworthiness of any Group Member or any Affiliate of a Group Member that may come into the possession of the Administrative Agent or any of its officers, directors, employees, agents, attorneys in fact or Affiliates.

. Each of the Lenders agrees to indemnify each of the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender and the Swingline Lender and each of its Related Parties in its capacity as such (to the extent not reimbursed by any Loan Party and without limiting the obligation of the Loan Parties to do so) according to its Aggregate Exposure Percentage in effect on the date on which indemnification is sought under this Section 9.7 (or, if indemnification is sought after the date upon which the Commitments shall have terminated and the Loans shall have been paid in full, in accordance with its Aggregate Exposure Percentage immediately prior to such date), from and against any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, costs, expenses or disbursements of any kind whatsoever that may at any time (whether before or after the payment of the Loans) be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against the Administrative Agent or such other Person in any way relating to or arising out of, the Commitments, this Agreement, any of the other Loan Documents or any documents contemplated by or referred to herein or therein or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby or any action taken or omitted by the Administrative Agent or such other Person under or in connection with any of the foregoing and any other amounts not reimbursed by the Loan Parties; provided that no Lender shall be liable for the payment of any portion of such liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, costs, expenses or disbursements that are found by a final and nonappealable decision of a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted primarily from the Administrative Agent’s or such other Person’s gross negligence or willful misconduct, and that with respect to such unpaid amounts owed to any Issuing Lender or Swingline Lender solely in its capacity as such, only the Revolving Lenders shall be required to pay such unpaid amounts, such payment to be made severally among them based on such Revolving Lenders’ Revolving Percentage (determined as of the time that the applicable unreimbursed expense or indemnity payment is sought). The agreements in this Section shall survive the payment of the Loans and all other amounts payable hereunder.

. The Person serving as the Administrative Agent hereunder shall have the same rights and powers in its capacity as a Lender as any other Lender and may exercise the same as though it were not the Administrative Agent and the term “Lender” or “Lenders” shall, unless otherwise expressly indicated or unless the context otherwise requires, include the Person serving as the Administrative Agent hereunder in its individual capacity. Such Person and its Affiliates may accept deposits from, lend money to, own securities of, act as the financial advisor or in any other advisory capacity for and generally engage in any kind of business with the Group Members or any Affiliate thereof as if such Person were not the Administrative Agent hereunder and without any duty to account therefor to the Lenders.

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.

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Upon request by the Administrative Agent at any time, the Required Lenders will confirm in writing the Administrative Agent’s authority to release or subordinate its interest in particular types or items of property, or to release any Guarantor from its obligations under the guaranty pursuant to this Section 9.10.

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. In case of the pendency of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law or any other judicial proceeding relative to any Loan Party, the Administrative Agent (irrespective of whether the principal of any Loan or Obligation in respect of any Letter of Credit shall then be due and payable as herein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Administrative Agent shall have made any demand on the Borrower) shall be entitled and empowered (but not obligated), by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise:

and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Lender to make such payments to the Administrative Agent and, in the event that the Administrative Agent shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Lenders, to pay to the Administrative Agent any amount due for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Administrative Agent and its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Administrative Agent under Sections 2.9 and 10.5.

Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the Administrative Agent to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Lender any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Obligations or the rights of any Lender to authorize the Administrative Agent to vote in respect of the claim of any Lender in any such proceeding.

. Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the Lead Arranger listed on the cover page hereof shall not have any powers, duties or responsibilities under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, except in its capacity, as applicable, as the Administrative Agent, a Lender, the Issuing Lender or the Swingline Lender hereunder.

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. Each Cash Management Bank and each Qualified Counterparty agrees to furnish to the Administrative Agent, as frequently as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request, with a summary of all Obligations in respect of Cash Management Services and/or Specified Swap Agreements, as applicable, due or to become due to such Cash Management Bank or Qualified Counterparty, as applicable. In connection with any distributions to be made hereunder, the Administrative Agent shall be entitled to assume that no amounts are due to any Cash Management Bank or Qualified Counterparty (in its capacity as a Cash Management Bank or Qualified Counterparty and not in its capacity as a Lender) unless the Administrative Agent has received written notice thereof from such Cash Management Bank or Qualified Counterparty and if such notice is received, the Administrative Agent shall be entitled to assume that the only amounts due to such Cash Management Bank or Qualified Counterparty on account of Cash Management Services or Specified Swap Agreements are set forth in such notice.

.

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Each party’s obligations, agreements and waivers under this Section 9.14 shall survive the resignation or replacement of the Administrative Agent, any transfer of rights or obligations by, or the replacement of, a Lender, a Swingline Lender or Issuing Lender, the termination of the Commitments and/or the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all Obligations (or any portion thereof) under any Loan Document.

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In addition, unless either (1) sub-clause (i) in the immediately preceding clause (a) is true with respect to a Lender or (2) a Lender has provided another representation, warranty and covenant in accordance with sub-clause (iv) in the immediately preceding clause (a), such Lender further (x) represents and warrants, as of the date such Person became a Lender party hereto, and (y) covenants, from the date such Person became a Lender party hereto to the date such Person ceases being a Lender party hereto, for the benefit of, the Administrative Agent, and the Lead Arranger and their respective Affiliates, and not, for the avoidance of doubt, to or for the benefit of the Borrower or any other Loan Party, that none of the Administrative Agent, or the Lead Arranger or any of their respective Affiliates is a fiduciary with respect to the Collateral or the assets of such Lender (including in connection with the reservation or exercise of any rights by the Administrative Agent under this Agreement, any Loan Document or any documents related to hereto or thereto).

. This Section 9 shall survive the Discharge of Obligations.

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. All notices, requests and demands to or upon the respective parties hereto to be effective shall be in writing (including by facsimile or electronic mail), and, unless otherwise expressly provided herein, shall be deemed to have been duly given or made when delivered, or three (3) Business Days after being deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, or, in the case of facsimile or electronic mail notice, when received, addressed as follows in the case of the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, and as set forth in an administrative questionnaire delivered to the Administrative Agent in the case of the Lenders, or to such other address as may be hereafter notified by the respective parties hereto:

Borrower:	Accuray Incorporated 1310 Chesapeake Terrace Sunnyvale, CA 94089 Attention: Shig Hamamatsu Telephone No.: +1.408.789.4424

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	E-Mail: shamamatsu@accuray.com
	with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to: Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP 450 Lexington Avenue New York, NY 10017 Attention: John Perry E-Mail: john.perry@davispolk.com
Administrative Agent:	Silicon Valley Bank 275 Grove Street Newton, MA 02466 Attention: Peter Benham E-Mail: pbenham@svb.com   With a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:   Morrison & Foerster LLP 200 Clarendon Street Boston, Massachusetts 02116 Attention: Charles W. Stavros, Esq. E-Mail: cstavros@mofo.com

 

provided that any notice, request or demand to or upon the Administrative Agent or the Lenders shall not be effective until received.

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(ii) The Platform is provided “as is” and “as available.” The Agent Parties (as defined below) do not warrant the adequacy of the Platform and expressly disclaim liability for errors or omissions in the Communications. No warranty of any kind, express, implied or statutory, including, without limitation, any warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement of third-party rights or freedom from viruses or other code defects, is made by any Agent Party in connection with the Communications or the Platform. In no event shall the Administrative Agent or any of its Related Parties (collectively, the “Agent Parties”) have any liability to the Borrower or the other Loan Parties, any Lender or any other Person for damages of any kind, including direct or indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages, losses or expenses (whether in tort, contract or otherwise) arising out of the Borrower’s, any Loan Party’s or the Administrative Agent’s transmission of communications through the Platform. “Communications” means, collectively, any notice, demand, communication, information, document or other material provided by or on behalf of any Loan Party pursuant to any Loan Document or the transactions contemplated therein which is distributed to the Administrative Agent, any Lender or the Issuing Lender by means of electronic communications pursuant to this Section, including through the Platform.

. No failure to exercise and no delay in exercising, on the part of the Administrative Agent or any Lender, any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder or under the other Loan Documents shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege. The rights, remedies, powers and privileges herein provided are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, remedies, powers and privileges provided by law.

. All representations and warranties made hereunder, in the other Loan Documents and in any document, certificate or statement delivered pursuant hereto or in connection herewith shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the making of the Loans and other extensions of credit hereunder.

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Subject to acceptance and recording thereof by the Administrative Agent pursuant to paragraph (c) of this Section, from and after the effective date specified in each Assignment and Assumption, the assignee thereunder shall be a party to this Agreement and, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, have the rights and obligations of a Lender under this Agreement, and the assigning Lender thereunder shall, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, be released from its obligations under this Agreement (and, in the case of an Assignment and Assumption covering all of the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, such Lender shall cease to be a party hereto) but shall continue to be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.19, 2.20, 2.21 and 10.5 with respect to facts and circumstances occurring prior to the effective date of such assignment; provided, that except to the extent otherwise expressly agreed by the affected parties, no assignment by a Defaulting Lender will constitute a waiver or release of any claim of any party hereunder arising from that Lender’s having been a Defaulting Lender. Any assignment or transfer by a Lender of rights or obligations under this Agreement that does not comply with this paragraph shall be treated for purposes of this Agreement as a sale by such Lender of a participation in such rights and obligations in accordance with paragraph (d) of this Section.

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Any agreement or instrument pursuant to which a Lender sells such a participation shall provide that such Lender shall retain the sole right to enforce this Agreement and to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement; provided that such agreement or instrument may provide that such Lender will not, without the consent of the Participant, agree to any amendment, modification or waiver which affects such Participant and for which the consent of such Lender is required (as described in Section 10.1). The Borrower agrees that each Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.19, 2.20 and 2.21 (subject to the requirements and limitations therein, including the requirements under Section 2.20(f) (it being understood that the documentation required under Section 2.20(f) shall be delivered by such Participant to the Lender granting such participation)) to the same extent as if it were a Lender and had acquired its interest by assignment pursuant to Section 10.6(b); provided that such Participant (A) agrees to be subject to the provisions of Sections 2.23 as if it were an assignee under Section 10.6(b); and (B) shall not be entitled to receive any greater payment under Sections 2.19 or 2.20, with respect to any participation, than its participating Lender would have been entitled to receive, except to the extent such entitlement to receive a greater payment results from a change in any Requirement of Law that occurs after the Participant acquired the applicable participation. Each Lender that sells a participation agrees, at the Borrower's request and expense, to use reasonable efforts to cooperate with the Borrower to effectuate the provisions of Section 2.23 with respect to any Participant. To the extent permitted by law, each Participant also shall be entitled to the benefits of Section 10.7 as though it were a Lender; provided that such Participant agrees to be subject to Section 2.18(k) as though it were a Lender. Each Lender that sells a participation shall, acting solely for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrower, maintain a register on which it enters the name and address of each Participant and the principal amounts (and stated interest) of each Participant’s interest in the Loans or other obligations under the Loan Documents (the “Participant Register”); provided that no Lender shall have any obligation to disclose all or any portion of the Participant Register (including the identity of any Participant or any information relating to a Participant’s interest in any commitments, loans, letters of credit or its other obligations under any Loan Document) to any Person except to the extent that such disclosure is necessary to establish that such commitment, loan, letter of credit or other obligation is in registered form under Section 5f.103-1(c) of the United States Treasury Regulations. The entries in the Participant Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and such Lender shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Participant Register as the owner of such participation for all purposes of this Agreement notwithstanding any notice to the contrary. For the avoidance of doubt, the Administrative Agent (in its capacity as Administrative Agent) shall have no responsibility for maintaining a Participant Register.

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. To the extent that any payment by or on behalf of the Borrower is made to the Administrative Agent or any Lender, or the Administrative Agent or any Lender exercises its right of setoff, and such payment or the proceeds of such setoff or any part thereof is subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or required (including pursuant to any settlement entered into by the Administrative Agent or such Lender in its discretion) to be repaid to a trustee, receiver or any other party, in connection with any Insolvency Proceeding or otherwise, then (a) to the extent of such recovery, the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such setoff had not occurred, and (b) each Lender severally agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent upon demand its applicable share (without duplication) of any amount so recovered from or repaid by the Administrative Agent, plus interest thereon from the date of such demand to the date such payment is made at a rate per annum equal to the Federal Funds Effective Rate from time to time in effect. The obligations of the Lenders under clause (b) of the preceding sentence shall survive the Discharge of Obligations.

. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any Loan Document, the interest paid or agreed to be paid under the Loan Documents shall not exceed the maximum rate of non-usurious interest permitted by applicable law (the “Maximum Rate”). If the Administrative Agent or any Lender shall receive interest in an amount that exceeds the Maximum Rate, the excess interest shall be applied to the principal of the Loans or, if it exceeds such unpaid principal, refunded to the Borrower. In determining whether the interest contracted for, charged, or received by the Administrative Agent or a Lender exceeds the Maximum Rate, such Person may, to the extent permitted by applicable law, (a) characterize any payment that is not principal as an expense, fee, or premium rather than interest, (b) exclude voluntary prepayments and the effects thereof, and (c) amortize, prorate, allocate, and spread in equal or unequal parts the total amount of interest throughout the contemplated term of the Obligations hereunder.

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. Any provision of this Agreement that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. Without limiting the foregoing provisions of this Section 10.11, if and to the extent that the enforceability of any provisions in this Agreement relating to Defaulting Lenders shall be limited under or in connection with any Insolvency Proceeding, as determined in good faith by the Administrative Agent or the Issuing Lender, as applicable, then such provisions shall be deemed to be in effect only to the extent not so limited.

. This Agreement and the other Loan Documents represent the entire agreement of the Borrower, the other Loan Parties, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof, and there are no promises, undertakings, representations or warranties by the Administrative Agent or any Lender relative to the subject matter hereof not expressly set forth or referred to herein or in the other Loan Documents.

. THIS AGREEMENT, THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS, AND ANY CLAIM, CONTROVERSY, DISPUTE, CAUSE OF ACTION, OR PROCEEDING (WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT, OR OTHERWISE) BASED UPON, ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT (EXCEPT, AS TO ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT, AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH THEREIN) AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY AND THEREBY, AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HERETO AND THERETO, SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED AND INTERPRETED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE INTERNAL LAWS (AND NOT THE CONFLICT OF LAW RULES) OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. This Section 10.13 shall survive the Discharge of Obligations.

. Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally:

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This Section 10.14 shall survive the Discharge of Obligations.

10.15 10.15 Acknowledgements

. Borrower hereby acknowledges that:

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. Each of the Administrative Agent and each Lender agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (a) to its Affiliates and to its Related Parties (it being understood that the Persons to whom such disclosure is made will be informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential); (b) to the extent required or requested by any regulatory authority purporting to have jurisdiction over such Person or its Related Parties (including any self-regulatory authority, such as the National Association of Insurance Commissioners); (c) to the extent required by applicable laws or regulations or by any subpoena or similar legal process; (d) to any other party hereto; (e) in connection with the exercise of any remedies hereunder

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or under any other Loan Document or any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the enforcement of rights hereunder or thereunder; (f) subject to an agreement containing provisions substantially the same as those of this Section, to (i) any assignee of or Participant in, or any prospective assignee of or Participant in, any of its rights and obligations under this Agreement, or (ii) any actual or prospective party (or its Related Parties) to any swap, derivative or other transaction under which payments are to be made by reference to the Borrower and its obligations, this Agreement or payments hereunder; (g) on a confidential basis to (i) any rating agency in connection with rating any Group Member or the Facilities or (ii) the CUSIP Service Bureau or any similar agency in connection with the issuance and monitoring of CUSIP numbers with respect to the Facilities; (h) with the consent of the Borrower; or (i) to the extent such Information (x) becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section, or (y) becomes available to the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any of their respective Affiliates on a non-confidential basis from a source other than the Borrower. In addition, the Administrative Agent, the Lenders, and any of their respective Related Parties, may (A) disclose the existence of this Agreement and information about this Agreement to market data collectors, similar service providers to the lending industry and service providers to the Administrative Agent or the Lenders in connection with the administration of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, and the Commitments; and (B) use any information (not constituting Information subject to the foregoing confidentiality restrictions) related to the syndication and arrangement of the credit facilities contemplated by this Agreement in connection with marketing, press releases, or other transactional announcements or updates provided to investor or trade publications, including the placement of “tombstone” advertisements in publications of its choice at its own expense.

For purposes of this Section, “Information” means all information received from the Group Members relating to the Group Members or any of their respective businesses, other than any such information that is available to the Administrative Agent or any Lender on a non-confidential basis prior to disclosure by the Group Members; provided that, in the case of information received from the Group Members after the date hereof, such information is clearly identified at the time of delivery as confidential. Any Person required to maintain the confidentiality of Information as provided in this Section shall be considered to have complied with its obligation to do so if such Person has exercised the same degree of care to maintain the confidentiality of such Information as such Person would accord to its own confidential information.

. With respect to any principal, interest, fee, or any other cost or expense (including attorney costs of the Administrative Agent or any Lender payable by the Borrower hereunder) due and payable to the Administrative Agent or any Lender under the Loan Documents, the Borrower hereby irrevocably

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authorizes the Administrative Agent to debit any deposit account of the Borrower maintained with the Administrative Agent in an amount such that the aggregate amount debited from all such deposit accounts does not exceed such principal, interest, fee or other cost or expense. If there are insufficient funds in such deposit accounts to cover the amount then due, such debits will be reversed (in whole or in part, in the Administrative Agent’s sole discretion) and such amount not debited shall be deemed to be unpaid. No such debit under this Section 10.18 shall be deemed a set-off.

. If, for the purposes of obtaining judgment in any court, it is necessary to convert a sum due hereunder or any other Loan Document in one currency into another currency, the rate of exchange used shall be that at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Administrative Agent could purchase the first currency with such other currency on the Business Day preceding that on which final judgment is given. The obligation of the Borrower and each other Loan Party in respect of any such sum due from it to the Administrative Agent or any Lender hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall, notwithstanding any judgment in a currency (the “Judgment Currency”) other than that in which such sum is denominated in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Agreement (the “Agreement Currency”), be discharged only to the extent that on the Business Day following receipt by the Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, of any sum adjudged to be so due in the Judgment Currency, the Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, may in accordance with normal banking procedures purchase the Agreement Currency with the Judgment Currency. If the amount of the Agreement Currency so purchased is less than the sum originally due to the Administrative Agent or any Lender from the Borrower or any other Loan Party in the Agreement Currency, the Borrower and each other Loan Party agrees, as a separate obligation and notwithstanding any such judgment, to indemnify the Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, against such loss. If the amount of the Agreement Currency so purchased is greater than the sum originally due to the Administrative Agent or any Lender in such currency, the Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, agrees to return the amount of any excess to the Borrower or other Loan Party, as applicable (or to any other Person who may be entitled thereto under applicable law).

. Each Lender and the Administrative Agent (for itself and not on behalf of any other party) hereby notifies the Borrower and each other Loan Party that, pursuant to the requirements of “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the Patriot Act and 31 C.F.R. § 1010.230, it is required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies the Borrower and each other Loan Party and certain related parties thereto, which information includes the names and addresses and other information that will allow such Lender or the Administrative Agent, as applicable, to identify the Borrower, each other Loan Party and certain of their beneficial owners and other officers in accordance with the Patriot Act and 31 C.F.R. § 1010.230. The Borrower and each other Loan Party will, and will cause each of their respective Subsidiaries to, provide, to the extent commercially reasonable or required by any Requirement of Law, such information and documents and take such actions as are reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender to assist the Administrative Agent and the Lenders in maintaining compliance with “know your customer” requirements under the PATRIOT Act, 31 C.F.R. § 1010.230 or other applicable anti-money laundering laws.

. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or in any other Loan Document or in any other agreement, arrangement or understanding among any such parties, each party hereto acknowledges that any liability of any Affected Financial Institution arising under any Loan Document, to

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the extent such liability is unsecured, may be subject to the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of the applicable Resolution Authority and agrees and consents to, and acknowledges and agrees to be bound by:

.

To the extent that the Loan Documents provide support, through a guarantee or otherwise, for Swap Agreements or any other agreement or instrument that is a QFC (such support, “QFC Credit Support” and each such QFC a “Supported QFC”), the parties hereto hereby acknowledge and agree as follows with respect to the resolution power of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (together with the regulations promulgated thereunder, the “U.S. Special Resolution Regimes”) in respect of such Supported QFC and QFC Credit Support (with the provisions below applicable notwithstanding that the Loan Documents and any Supported QFC may in fact be stated to be governed by the laws of the State of New York and/or of the United States or any other state of the United States):

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“BHC Act Affiliate” of a party means an “affiliate” (as such term is defined under, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 1841(k)) of such party.

“Covered Entity” means any of the following:

“Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable.

“QFC” has the meaning assigned to the term “qualified financial contract” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 5390(c)(8)(D).

[Remainder of page left blank intentionally]

 

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In Witness Whereof, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered by their proper and duly authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.

BORROWER:

 

ACCURAY INCORPORATED

 

By:

Name:

Title:

 

 

 

 

 

	-1-

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ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT:

 

SILICON VALLEY BANK

 

By:

Name:

Title:

 

 

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LENDERS:

 

SILICON VALLEY BANK,

as Issuing Lender, Swingline Lender and as a Lender

 

By:

Name:

Title:

 

 

HSBC BANK US, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as a Lender

 

By:

Name:

Title:

 

COMERICA BANK,

as a Lender

 

By:

Name:

Title:

 

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Exhibit 31.1

 

Certification

 

I, Suzanne Winter, certify that:

 

 

 

 

 

a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

 

a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: February 2, 2023
		/s/ Suzanne Winter
		Suzanne Winter
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

 

 

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Exhibit 31.2

 

Certification

 

I, Ali Pervaiz, certify that:

 

 

 

 

 

a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

 

a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: February 2, 2023
		/s/ Ali Pervaiz
		Ali Pervaiz
		Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

 

 

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Exhibit 32.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer

 

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as created by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officers of Accuray Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) hereby certify, to such officers’ knowledge, that:

 

(i) the accompanying Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the three months ended December 31, 2022 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

 

(ii) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

Date: February 2, 2023
	/s/ Suzanne Winter
	Suzanne Winter
	President and Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)
	/s/ Ali Pervaiz
	Ali Pervaiz
	Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

 

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